Exudative kutupa: zimayambitsa, mitundu, zakambidwa

Ndi kutukusira kwa mtundu wina kudutsa tonsefe. Ndipo ngati njira aakulu, monga chibayo kapena matenda a m'matumbo, zimagwera pa zochitika zapadera, mavuto amenewo zazing'ono ngati kudula kapena zikande - chodabwitsa wamba. Iwo ambiri samapereka tcheru. Koma ngakhale kuvulala ambiri aang'ono zingachititse exudative kutupa. Ndipotu, ndi dziko la dera lomwe linakhudzidwa, kumene anasonkhana madzimadzi wapatsidwa, ndiyeno seeps mwa makoma capillary kunja. Zimenezi ndi zovuta ndithu, potengera malamulo a mphamvu madzimadzi ndipo angathe kuyambitsa mavuto a matenda. M'nkhaniyi, ife tidzaona bwinobwino mwatsatanetsatane zimene zingachititse exudative kutupa zimayambitsa. Mitundu (zakambidwa aliyense wa iwo lokwanira) la mtundu uwu njira yotupa kuganizira ndi imodzi kufotokoza, amene akudalira, monga zimachitika, ena amafuna chithandizo.

Kutupa - ndi zinthu zabwino?

Ambiri adzati kuti, ndithudi, kutupa - loyipa, chifukwa ndi mbali yofunika ya iliyonse matenda ndi kubweretsa mavuto a anthu. Koma kwenikweni, m'kupita kwa kusanduka matupi athu kwa zaka linakonza njira zako yotupa kuti amathandiza kuti apulumuke pamene mavuto, mankhwala otchedwa zikuchitika. Iwo akhoza kukhala mavairasi, mabakiteriya, mabala aliyense khungu, mankhwala (mwachitsanzo, ziphe, poizoni), chokhwima zinthu zachilengedwe. Mutigugumire pa ntchito nthenda ya zikuchitika onsewa monga ayenera kutupa exudative. Ndi chiyani icho? Popanda kupita tsatanetsatane, ndi wosavuta kufotokoza. nzothandiza aliyense, popeza ali mu thupi la munthu, umawononga maselo. Zimenezi zimatchedwa zosinthidwa. Iwo amapereka chiyambi cha ndondomeko yotupa. zizindikiro zake, malingana ndi mtundu wa kuwalimbikitsa ndi malo ake kukhazikitsa angakhale osiyana. Pakati pa zimatulutsa wamba:

• kuwuka mu kutentha kapena thupi lonse kapena okha zinkakhala m'dera;
• kutupa kwa gawo akhudzidwa;
• kupweteka;
• redness anavulala m'deralo.

Izi ndi zizindikiro zazikulu ndi amene angadziwe kuti wayamba kale exudative kutupa. chithunzi pamwambapa atsimikiza mawonetseredwe a zizindikiro - redness, kutupa.

Nthawi zina siteji ya kutupa mu zotengera magazi kuyamba kudziunjikira madzimadzi (exudate). Pamene iwo mkatikati mwa capillary makoma mu danga intercellular, exudative kutupa amakhala. Koyamba zikuoneka kuti vutoli kukula. Koma kwenikweni, linanena bungwe la madzimadzi, kapena, monga madokotala kunena, exudation, n'chofunikanso. Zikomo kwa iye, ku capillaries mu zimakhala ndi kupeza nkhani zofunika kwambiri - immunoglobulins, kinins, plasma michere, maselo oyera a magazi, amene yomweyo kuthamangira kutupa kwa moto kupita kumeneko kuwonongedwa kwa irritants ndi machiritso a m'madera kuonongeka.

The ndondomeko ya exudation

Pofotokoza zimene exudative kutupa, pathological thunthu (mwambo amaphunzira njira pathological) amasamalirira wapadera ndondomeko exudation, "ponena kuti" a mtundu umenewu kutupa. Amakhala ndi magawo atatu:

1. An zosinthidwa. Iye adathamanga mankhwala wapadera organic - yotupa owayimira (kinins, histamine, serotonin, ndi lymphokines zina). Muulamuliro microvascular awo bedi anayamba kukuza, ndi chifukwa, kuchuluka permeability makoma chotengera.
2. M'madera timapangira mitsinje magazi n'kuyamba kovuta. Panali otchedwa ankatenthetsa, amene nawonso, kwachititsa ndi kuwonjezeka mu magazi ziwiya (hydrodynamic) kuthamanga.
3. Mu mavuto madzimadzi mwa microvessels kuchuluka mezhendotelialnye ming'alu ndi pores zina atapeza zamitundu tubular, minofu exudate anayamba kutayikira. Ta zigawo zake asamukira ku malo a kutupa.

mitundu ya exudates

More molondola otchedwa exudate madzi mochokera ziwiya mu minofu, ndipo madzimadzi chomwecho akuthawira mu M'mimbamo wa, - effusion. Koma mankhwala zambiri mfundo ziwiri izi pamodzi. Kutupa exudative mtundu anatsimikiza ndi katulutsidwe zikuchokera, zomwe zingakhale:

• serous;
• fibrotic;
• purulent;
• Lonunkha;
• hemorrhagic;
• mucous;
• hiloznym;
• hilusopodobnym;
• psevdohileznym;
• ndi mafuta;
• neutrophilic;
• eosinophilic;
• lymphocytic;
• mononuclear;
• losanganikirana.

Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane mitundu yofala kutupa exudative, zimayambitsa ndi zizindikiro.

Kupanga serous exudative kutupa

Mu thupi la peritoneum, pleura, pericardium TACHIMATA ndi nembanemba serous, wotchedwa ku Latin mawu "seramu" kutanthauza "seramu" chifukwa iwo amapanga ndi kumvetsera madzimadzi, chokhala magazi seramu kapena kwa fano. nembanemba Serous m'chigawo wabwinobwino wa yosalala, pafupifupi mandala, zotanuka kwambiri. Pamene exudative kutupa akuyamba, iwo kukhala wankhanza ndi kuzimiririka, ndi serous exudate khalidwe limapezeka zimakhala ndi ziwalo. Iwo wapezeka mapuloteni (2%), lymphocytes, leukocytes, maselo zaminyewa.

Zimayambitsa kutupa exudative kungakhale:

• zoopsa za etiologies zosiyanasiyana (matenda a pakhungu kukhulupirika, zilonda zamoto, ndi tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, frostbite);
• kuledzera;
• matenda tizilombo toyambitsa (TB, malungo ogwira bongo, nsungu, nthomba, etc.);
• ziwengo.

Serous madzimadzi amathandiza kuchotsa poizoni kwa cholinga yotupa ndi irritants. Pamodzi ndi zinthu zake zabwino palinso negative. Choncho ngati serous exudative kutupa anaonekera mu m'mapapo parenchyma, angathe kulephera kupuma, mu pericardium - kulephera mtima, mu meninges wa - kutupa ubongo, impso - aimpso insufficiency, mu khungu pansipa khungu - ukuchoka izo kwa dermis ndi mapangidwe matuza serous. Zizindikiro aliyense matenda nokha. Akhoza olekanitsidwa kuwuka ambiri kutentha ndi ululu. Ngakhale kuwoneka choopsa kwambiri kudwala madokotala ananena zawo nthawi zambiri zabwino, monga exudate imatsala, wosasiya kufufuza, ndipo zimagwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana serous ali anachira.

fibrotic kutupa

Monga taonera, mitundu yonse ya kutupa exudative anatsimikiza mtima zikuchokera secretions, pamene iwo kusanduka kuchokera microvessels lapansi. Choncho, fibrous exudate analandira pamene pansi zochita za zikuchitika yotupa (zoopsa, matenda) ndipamene kochulukira kuchuluka kwa fibrinogen mapuloteni. Mwachibadwa, khololo zikhale 2-4 g / L. Minofu kuonongeka ndi chinthu anatembenuzidwa kuti Ulimbo. Iyi ndi mapuloteni omwe ali ndi dongosolo fibrous ndipo ndicho chiyambi cha magazi kuundana. Komanso, pali fibrous exudate leukocytes, macrophages, monocytes. Nthawi zina siteji, kutupa akufotokozera necrosis a zimakhala bwanji ndi kuwalimbikitsa ndi. Iwo impregnated fibrous exudate, potero kupanga fibrous filimu padziko awo. Pansi zikukangalika osauka tizilomboto kuti complicates njira ya matenda. Malinga filimu ndi pa mbali yake kutanthauzira kusiyanitsa croupous pseudomembrane ndi fibrous exudative kutupa. Pathological thunthu anafotokoza kusiyana kwawo:

1. Pseudomembrane kutupa angayambe ziwalozo, amene yokutidwa ndi chipolopolo Mipikisano magawo - mu mmero, chiberekero, kumaliseche, chikhodzodzo thirakiti m'mimba. Pamene filimu fibrous aumbike wandiweyani, ngati wamkulu mu matupi chipolopolo. Choncho zimakhala zovuta kuti kuchotsedwa, ndipo amasiya m'mbuyo zilonda. M'kupita kwa nthawi, iwo kuchiritsa, koma mabala tingakhale. Pali choipa china - kuti filimu imeneyi tizilomboto kubereka kumufotokozera, kotero kuti wodwalayo mankhwala mkulu kawopsedwe ntchito yawo kwambiri. Yotchuka kwambiri mtundu wa matenda ndi kutupa - diphtheria.
2. Croupous kutupa pa matupi mucous anapanga TACHIMATA monolayer chipolopolo: mu bronchi, ndi peritoneum, ndi trachea, pericardium. Choncho analandira woonda fibrous film, mosavuta zochotseka, popanda zopindika kwambiri mucous. Komabe, nthawi zina, zingayambitse mavuto aakulu, monga kutupa trachea akhoza obstruct otaya mpweya m'mapapo.

Exudative purulent kutupa

kudwala Izi ananena pamene exudate ndi mafinya - enaake achikasu viscous misa, nthawi zambiri ndi fungo khalidwe. kapangidwe kake pafupifupi motere: maselo oyera ambiri amene anawonongedwa, albumin, Ulimbo chingwe, michere chiyambi tating'onoting'ono, mafuta m'thupi, lipids, zidutswa DNA, lecithin, globulins. zinthu izi kupanga purulent seramu. Kupatula izo, exudate pano mu purulent detritus minofu, moyo ndi / kapena wangokhala tizilombo maselo purulent. Purulent kutupa angayambe iliyonse. "Culprits" zamafinya zinangoti kuti nthawi zambiri pyogenic mabakiteriya (osiyanasiyana cocci, Escherichia coli, Proteus), komanso candida, Shigella, nsomba, Brucella. Mafomu purulent exudative kutupa tinganene kuti:

1. Abscess. Bwaloli ndi moto ndi chotchinga kapisozi chindiletsa ingress wa mafinya mu zimakhala ozungulira. M'mimbamo chipinda amasonkhana purulent exudate kulowa kumeneko kudzera capillaries chotchinga kapisozi.
2. Abscess. Mu mawonekedwe a kutupa moto ndi omveka bwino ndi purulent exudate kufalikira kwa zimakhala loyandikana ndi cavities. chitsanzo zingaoneke mu zigawo subcutaneous Mwachitsanzo, mu minofu adipose mu retroperitoneal ndi malo perirenal kulikonse dongosolo morphological minofu walola mafinya kupita koposa cholinga cha kutupa.
3. Empyema. fomu iyi ndi ofanana abscess ndipo anati mu cavities a pafupi ndi yomwe pali cholinga cha kutupa.

Ngati mafinya alipo ambiri osachiritsika neutrophils, neutrophilic exudate otchedwa purulent. Ambiri, udindo wa neutrophils ndi kuwononga tizilombo bowa. Iwo alonda wolimba, kuponya koyamba kwambiri pa adani amene anali walowerera mu thupi lathu. Choncho, pa siteji koyamba kutupa neutrophils kwambiri lonse, ogwirizana ndi exudate otchedwa mikrognoynym. Monga kudwala matenda maselo oyera a magazi anawonongedwa ndi mafinya ambiri a iwo yankhanza.

Ngati foci yotupa kugwa tizilombo putrefactive (nthawi zambiri anaerobic mabakiteriya), purulent exudate inasanduka zosauma. Iwo ali fungo khalidwe ndi mtundu ndi kulimbikitsa kuwonongeka kwa minofu. Ndi zinadzala ndi kuledzera mkulu wa chamoyo ndipo ali ndi zotsatira osauka kwambiri.

Chithandizo cha purulent kutupa zachokera ntchito mankhwala ndi kuonetsetsa katulutsidwe za chipinda cha outflow. Nthawi zina pamafunika opaleshoni. Kuteteza kutupa ngati ndi disinfection mabala. Chithandizo cha matenda angakhale ndi zotsatira zabwino mankhwala amphamvu kwambiri kokha pamene kuchotsa opaleshoni ya lawola zidutswa.

kutupa hemorrhagic

Matenda ena oopsa kwambiri monga tizilombo ta matenda, nthomba, mliri, poizoni fuluwenza matenda hemorrhagic exudative kutupa. The zifukwa za izo ndi kuonjezera permeability wa microvessels kufikira misozi awo. exudate pamene chogwidwa ndi maselo ofiira, kotero kuti mtundu zimasiyanasiyana pinki wofiira mdima. Mawonetseredwe kunja kutupa hemorrhagic ofanana kukha mwazi, koma mosiyana otsiriza, mu exudate anapeza erythrocytes komanso kagawo kakang'ono ka neutrophils ndi macrophages. Chithandizo cha hemorrhagic exudative kutupa akapatsidwa potengera mtundu wa tizilombo zomwe zinachititsa kuti izo. Zotsatira za matenda angakhale akumane kwambiri, ngati mankhwala ali anayamba mochedwa ndipo ngati thupi la wodwalayo alibe mphamvu zokwanira kupewa matenda.

catarrh

Mbali yapadera ya matenda ndi kuti exudate pamene kungakhale serous ndi purulent, ndi hemorrhagic, koma nthawi zonse ndi ntchofu. Zikatero, ndi katulutsidwe mucous aumbike. Mosiyana serous, zimasonyeza mucin zambiri antibacterial wothandizila lysozyme ndi immunoglobulin kalasi A. Iwo apangidwa pa zifukwa zotsatirazi:

• tizilombo toyambitsa matenda;
• mmene thupi mankhwala zinthu, kutentha;
• chisokonezo kagayidwe;
• thupi lawo siligwirizana (mwachitsanzo matupi awo sagwirizana rhinitis).

Catarrhal exudative kutupa anapezeka ndi matenda, catarrh, rhinitis, gastritis, catarrhal matenda a m'matumbo, matenda pachimake kupuma, pharyngitis, ndipo kumachitika m'njira pachimake ndi aakulu. Mbali yoyamba ndi kudzachiritsidwa kwathunthu mu masabata 2-3. Chachiwiri, kusintha mu mucosa - manja, limene chipolopolo amakhala ochepa thupi, kapena hypertrophy, zimene, m'malo mwake, mucosa pokhala unakhuthala ndipo akhoza protrude mu thupi patsekeke.

Udindo wa ntchofu exudate ndi ziwiri. Pa dzanja limodzi, zimathandiza kulimbana ndi matenda, ndi pa zina, kudzikundikira zake zotsatira cavities mu njira zina pathological, monga ntchofu mu m'njira za m'mphuno m'mphuno amalimbikitsa sinusitis.

Chithandizo cha mankhwala exudative kutupa catarrhal imachitika antibacterial, physiotherapy ndi njira za makolo monga n'kumawotha mmwamba, nadzatsuka ndi njira yosiyana, ingestion wa infusions ndi decoctions zitsamba.

Exudative kutupa: makhalidwe enieni zakumwa exudative

Tangotchulawo ndi chylous psevdohilezny exudates kuwonekera ndi kuvulala ziwiya lymphatic. Mwachitsanzo, mu bere izo zikhoza kukhala pa chophukacho wa ritsa thoracic. Chylous exudate loyera chifukwa kukhalapo m'menemo cha kuchuluka tochepa mafuta.

Psevdohilezny alinso azioneka yochitidwa, koma mafuta si kuposa 0,15% mu izo, koma pali mucoid mankhwala, matupi mapuloteni, nukleina, lecithins. Iye anati ndi nephrosis lipoid.

White ndi exudate hilusopodobny, ndingochipereka icho mtundu ndisungunuka maselo yankhanza. Iwo aumbike mwa kutupa aakulu a nembanemba ndi serous. Zonse m'mimba zilili ndi matenda enaake chiwindi, pleural - mu TB, matenda a khansa ya pleura ndi, chindoko.

Ngati exudate lymphocytes ambiri (90%), umatchedwa lymphocytic. Yaima kuchokera ziwiya pamene pleural TB. Ngati pamaso chinsinsi cha mafuta m'thupi, ndi kufanizira iwo akutchedwa mafuta. Iwo ali kugwirizana wandiweyani, chikasu kapena brownish mtundu, ndipo mwina kupangidwa kwa wina aliyense madzi exudative malinga M'mimbamo mu umene anapeza kwa nthawi yaitali, ndi reabsorption wa madzi ndi mchere particles.

Monga mukuonera, pali mitundu ya exudates, omwe ndi khalidwe la mtundu winawake wa kutupa exudative. Komanso, pali milandu kumene pa matenda wina wodwala matenda wosanganiza exudative kutupa, monga sero-fibrous kapena seropurulent.

mitundu pachimake ndi aakulu

Exudative kutupa angayambe mawonekedwe yopweteka kwambiri kapena yokhalitsa. Mbali yoyamba ndi munthu amene yomweyo kwa nzothandiza ndipo nzothandiza lakonzedwa kuthetsa. Zimayambitsa mawonekedwe ndondomeko yotupa kungakhale kwambiri. Ambiri:

• choipa;
• matenda;
• mankhwala poizoni;
• kusokonezeka kwa ziwalo aliyense ndi kachitidwe.

kutupa Exudative pachimake amakhala ndi redness ndi kutupa kwa anavulala dera, kupweteka m'thupi kutentha thupi. Nthawi zina, makamaka chifukwa matenda odwala ndi zizindikiro amalembedwa matenda autonomic ndi intoxications.

Pachimake kutupa zimatenga nthawi yochepa, komanso ngati mankhwala ikuchitika molondola, kwathunthu anawachiritsa.

Matenda exudative kutupa akhoza mzaka. Iwo ukufanizidwa ndi purulent ndi catarrhal mitundu ya kutupa. Pa nthawi yomweyo ndi machiritso akufotokozera chiwonongeko minofu. Ngakhale aakulu kutupa chikhululukiro mtima nkomwe nkhawa m'kupita kungachititse kuti zikutha m'mayiko (cachexia), kusintha sclerotic mu zotengera, sizingasinthe kusokonezeka ziwalo ndipo ngakhale mapangidwe zotupa. Chithandizo kwenikweni kukhalabe gawo chikhululukiro. Mu nkhani iyi, amamangirira wofunika kwambiri kwa yoyenera moyo, zakudya, kulimbikitsa chitetezo cha m'thupi.