Far East Republic. boma History gawo lotetezedwa

Pa Civil Nkhondo m'mabwinja a Russian Ufumu, panali kwambiri mabungwe onse. Ena mwa iwo anali ndi yotheka ndipo wakhalapo kwa zaka zambiri, ndi zina zikuchitikabe lero (Poland, Finland). Moyo wa ena okha miyezi ingapo kapena ngakhale masiku. Mmodzi mwa anthu amenewo boma dongosolo, amene anauka pa bwinja la ufumuwo, anali Far East Republic (DDA).

Mbiri DDA

Kumayambiriro a 1920 ku Far East woyambawo Russian unali m'malo mavuto. Ngakhale m'dera zinachitika pa zochitika zofunika kwambiri pa Civil nkhondo. Pa tingalimbanirane, ogwira ntchito ndi Alimi 'Red Army (Red Army) ndi zipolowe mkati anakomoka otchedwa Kolchak Russian boma ndi likulu lake ku Omsk, pamaso zimene zimalamulira kwambiri Siberia ndi Far East. Zotsalira za Education anatenga mutu wa Russia a kumalire a kum'mawa ndipo ankaganiza asilikali ake kum'mawa Transbaikalia, ndi pakati pa Chita motsogozedwa Ataman Grigoriya Semenova.

Vladivostok anapambana kugalukira mothandizidwa ndi Bolsheviks. Koma boma la Soviet anali mu palibe mofulumira angagwirizanitse mwachindunji m'dera la RSFSR, monga panali kuwopsyeza kwa gulu lachitatu mu nkhope ya Japan, yomwe mwalamulo anasonyeza chosalowerera ndale zake. Pa nthawi yomweyo, chinawonjezeka pamaso asilikali m'chigawo, momveka kuonetsanso kuti vuto la pasadakhale zina za boma Soviet kum'mawa ndi lotseguka kulowa asamenyane zida ndi Red Army.

Kubadwa kwa Far East Republic

Pofuna kupewa zipolowe mwachindunji mphamvu ya Red Army ndi asilikali a ku Japan, mwachidule anagwira mphamvu Irkutsk mu January 1920 SR pakati ndale anali ataika kale kutsogolo lingaliro la kukhazikitsa East Asia, boma gawo lotetezedwa. Mwamsanga otsogolera, iye anatumizidwa yekha. Bolsheviks komanso ankakonda lingaliro, koma pa mutu wa boma latsopano, iwo anawona boma pakati pa mamembala a RCP (b). Mu mavuto amphamvu Polittsentr anakakamizika ndi kupereka m'manja mphamvu Committee Irkutsk usilikali Chiwukirano.

Education Far East Republic monga boma gawo lotetezedwa makamaka mwachangu anayesera kubweretsa moyo wapampando wa Komiti Chiwukirano la Irkutsk Alexander Krasnoshekov. Kuti athetse nkhani ya Far East ofesi yapadera pa RCP (B) unakhazikitsidwa mu March 1920. Kuwonjezera Krasnoshchekova anali dzina lake Aleksandr Shiryamov ndi Nikolai Goncharov anthu olemekezeka a kum'mawa Far Bureau. Inali nthawi thandizo lawo yogwira 6 April 1920 ku Verkhneudinsk (lero Ulan-Ude) analengedwa ndi boma latsopano - ndi Far East Republic.

Army anthu Chiwukirano

Creation wa Far East Republic sizikanakhala zotheka mosathandizidwa yogwira Soviet Russia. Mu May 1920 izo kuboma boma latsopano. Pasanapite chapakati Moscow boma anayamba kupereka thandizo mabuku ku DDA, onse andale ndi azachuma. Koma panthawi imeneyi, chitukuko chachikulu cha boma anali thandizo lankhondo la RSFSR lapansi. Mtundu wa chithandizo makamaka mu kukhazikitsidwa pa maziko a East-Siberia Soviet asilikali a asilikali omwe zida DDA - Chiwukirano Army la Anthu (NRA).

Chirengedwe cha boma gawo lotetezedwa wasankha lipenga khadi mu Japan, amene mwalamulo anasonyeza chosalowerera ndale ndiponso iye anakakamizidwa kuti mupewe asilikali ake ochokera Kummawa kwa July 3, 1920. Izi analola NDA Mokhumbira kwambiri polimbana ndi magulu a adani m'derali, ndipo potero kukuza dera la Far East Republic.

October 22 asilikali Chita anali kulamulidwa ndi Chiwukirano Army anthu, mopupuluma anasiya Ataman Semyonov. Posakhalitsa, mumzinda wa Verkhneudinsk boma anasamukira DDA.

Pambuyo Japanese kumanzere Khabarovsk, mu chaka cha 1920 ku Chita kunalinso msonkhano wa akuluakulu a Trans-Baikal, Amur ndi Primorye m'madera amene anaganiza kuti agwirizane madera awa mu boma limodzi - DDA. Choncho, pofika kumapeto kwa 1920 Far East Republic ankalamulira zambiri Far East.

chipangizo DDA

Far East Republic mu nthawi linakhalapo, anali osiyana utsogoleri-Kupititsa dongosolo. Poyamba, zinaphatikizapo madera asanu: pa Trans-Baikal, Kamchatka, Sakhalin, Amur ndi Primorye.

Pankhani yeniyeni maulamuliro, ndiye pa siteji ya udindo kasamalidwe boma DDA ankaganiza Assembly Constituent, osankhidwa mu January 1921. Iwo anatenga Constitution, chimene ulamuliro wapamwamba ankaona Assembly National lapansi. Iwo amasankha wamba demokalase voti. Komanso, Msonkhano Constituent akusankhidwa ndi boma lolamuliridwa ndi A. Krasnoshchekov, amene anali m'malo ndi N. Matveev kumapeto kwa 1921.

White Alonda mutiny

January 26, 1921 magulu White Alonda, mothandizidwa ndi Japan mu Vladivostok unagonjetsedwa boma Bolshevik, ndipo potero zinabweretsa dera ku DDA. otchedwa provisional priamurye boma unakhazikitsidwa pa dera la dera Maritime. Chifukwa pasadakhale zina za mphamvu woyera ndi mapeto a 1921 ku DDA anali alibe Khabarovsk.

Koma poika Blucher mtumiki zochitika ankhondo pa Far East Republic anapita bwino. Counteroffensive unapangidwa bungwe, imene azungu anagonja lolemera, anataya Khabarovsk, ndi mapeto a October 1922 anali kwathunthu anakankhira kuchokera Kummawa.

Kulumikizana Far East Republic of State Soviet

Choncho, Far East Republic (1920 - 1922) ali anakwaniritsidwa cholinga chake boma gawo lotetezedwa kuti maphunziro sanatipatse chifukwa mwamwambo kuti agwirizane Japan mu lotseguka atasemphana zida ndi Red Army. Chifukwa athamangitsidwe wa asilikali White Alonda ku Far East, anapitiriza alipo DDA anali osayenera. Wakucha funso inalowa wa State ku maphunziro a RSFSR, chidachitika ndi November 15 1922 pa pempho la National Assembly. Republic Far East Anthu unatha.