FSO: decoding wa achidule. Russian Federal Security Service: The utumiki, Academy ndi adiresi

Dongosolo la mabungwe yazamalamulo m'dziko lililonse zikutanthauza matabwa ake ambiri m'madipatimenti, omwe amachita mndandanda yeniyeni ya anthu kapena zinthu zina. Pa wina imagwera ntchito pokwaniritsa operatively-kufufuza ntchito kuzindikira akazitape a mayiko akunja (counterintelligence), ena ayenera kulimbana ndi Kuwulura milandu, ndi ena pogwira ntchito pofuna kuteteza akuluakulu. Oddly zokwanira, koma pafupifupi m'dziko lililonse pali wapadera mabungwe chitetezo, amene ntchito pa ndime ndi Makampani payekha chitetezo ndi makampani asilikali. Kukhazikitsidwa kwa matupi amenewa chifukwa kufunika kuonetsetsa chitetezo a maudindo akuluakulu a boma, andale zofunika, oimira, ndi zina zotero. N. kupatsa chotero ntchito yofunika ya gulu la pawekha ndi chabe mopusa, chifukwa sapereka ukutitsimikizira zokhudza zimene atumiki. Komanso, ziyeneretso awo ali mchikaiko kwambiri. Choncho, kulenga boma bungwe, amene akugwa onse ndi ntchito ya chitetezo. M'nkhani ino tikambirana za bungwe amenewa mu dongosolo la yazamalamulo matupi a Russian Federation, ndilo lotchedwa Federal Security Service.

General zokhudza FSO

Russian Federal Security Service - ndiwo utumiki wa chitetezo boma, lomwe ndi utumiki wapadera ndipo chinkhoswe mu chitetezo cha wogwila akuluakulu a boma, atsogoleri a dziko, komanso makonzedwe a kulankhulana otetezeka ndi kuteteza. bungwe ndi mbali ya utumiki kuti kupereka chitetezo cha dziko. Izi zikutanthauza kuti Russian Federal Security Service ali ndi ulamuliro kuchita ntchito kufufuza, pamodzi ndi Federal Security Service, GFS, CBP ndi ena. The utumiki mu dongosolo la Russia kuti atenge ntchito ya boma ku ziwalo kutetezeredwa FSO, komanso mamembala a mgwirizano. Tikumbukenso bwino analengedwa ndi ogwira gulu Kapangidwe ka FSO. Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti achidule utumiki momveka bwino zimene zimagwira ntchito amapatsidwa dongosolo, koma ena a mphamvu za anthu ambiri sazindikira. Akuyendera ku kulingalira ntchito chilli muyenela kufufuza mbiri yake wolemera mwatsatanetsatane.

Akuluakulu Security mu nthawi achifumu

Mbiri ya State Alonda zimachokera kwambiri m'zaka za m'ma XVII. The kholo la dongosolo yomwe kuteteza yekha mfumu Artamanov Mateyu. Uyu ndiye nthawi woyamba akufuna kuonetsetsa nambala inayake ya anthu kuchokera musketeer regiments kuteteza mfumu. Komabe, mayunitsi amenewa katswiri. Ndi lalikulu zinalengedwa ku usilikali ochiritsira. kusadalirika wake wa gulu lotero anagwira kugalukira Decembrist mu 1825, pamene ambiri "achifumu alonda" kumbali ya opandukawo. Woyamba m'mbiri ya Russian boma bungwe chitetezo anaonekera mwamsanga mu 1881. Kapangidwe zimapezekanso angapo mayunitsi, omwe amagwira ntchito yake.

9 Division wa KGB

Ndi kugwa kwa autocracy, kufunika kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha wogwila akuluakulu a boma silinathe. Nkhani imeneyi akuwonekera ndithu zikuchepa m'nyengo Soviet. Zinali pofuna kuteteza mwamtheradi osankhika onse chikominisi, amene anali makina wankhanza. Ntchito yofunika kwambiri akanayang'anira "m'manja" chimodzi chokha limba wa USSR - KGB. 9 kasamalidwe ka ulamuliro yazamalamulo akuganiza kholo la FSO Russia. Management wachita kuteteza atsogoleri akuluakulu a boma ndi Party Communist. Masankhidwe a alonda zinachitika kwambiri ndithu. Pa utumiki avomera thupi ophunzitsidwa kwambiri munthu wanzeru amene anali usilikali. Pafupifupi onse a gulu ndi ndale utsogoleri inaperekedwa ndi alonda akatswiri chitetezo 9 KGB.

Atsogoleri, amene ndiotetezedwa 9 Control

Pakati pa "makasitomala" dipatimentiyi uyu anali ngati otchuka azandale monga Mihail Sergeevich Solomentsev (mutu wa Komiti Control Party), Anatoly Lukyanov (wapampando wa Supreme Soviet la USSR, 1991), Boris Karlovich Pugo, Nikita Sergeevich Hruschov ndi ena. Mu 1991, kasamalidwe wakhala kudzipatula kwa KGB, ndipo mu 1996 analengedwa ndi FSO, amene mawu olembedwa ndi motere: Federal Security Service.

Zikugwira ntchito mfundo ndi chimango zolimbana

FSO ku Russia thupi boma lomwe akupereka chitetezo cha zinthu zina chitetezo boma pa maziko a malamulo, kufufuza ntchito, chitetezo, nchito ndi njila zina. Yodalirika ya kapangidwe ndi RF Constitution, malamulo ndi zina normative malamulo zochita malamulo bwalo nkhani mtengo kanthu. Timachitira pa udindo wa mapangano mayiko amene ali mbali ya yodalirika ya Federal Security Service. Pali malangizo mkati lolamulira ntchito ya FSO. Mu njira yachibadwa ya malonda bungwe la kutsatira mfundo zoti:

- ulemu ndi mwambo kwa ufulu wofunikila ndi kumasulikha ndi ufulu;

- pa kumbali ya zochita;

- mogwirizana ndi mabungwe ena, pofuna kupewa ngozi;

- kuphatikiza m'kati njira zoonekera ndi covert;

- ulamuliro ndi kuyang'aniridwa.

Ndizoonekeratu kuchokera pamwamba kuti ntchito ya FSO ndi chinthu demokalase ndi poyela, ngakhale mlingo mwachinsinsi mwa dongosolo ndi okwanira.

Ntchito zazikulu kuchitika ndi FSO

Ntchito thupi chaired ndi mutsogoleli wadziko la Chitaganya cha Russia. Thupi waukulu imakhala ntchito zotsatirazi:

1) Kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha zinthu za chitetezo ku malo awo okhala okhazikika ndi yomweyo, komanso mu njira ya m'gulu lawo.

2) Funsani, ulosi amuleka, amene zikhonza zinthu chitetezo ndi njira zonse zofunikira Kupha ake.

3) Kucotsa siudzalandilidwa ngathi lamulo lililonse la chinthu chitetezo.

4) Kucotsa ndi kupewa milandu ndi machimo ena pa chitetezo cha zinthu kapena pamaso pawo.

5) Real nthawi chitetezo cha zinthu chitetezo.

6) thandizo n'kotheka polimbana ndi uchigawenga.

7) Wabwino kulankhulana.

8) nzeru Kutsutsidwa zambiri ndi kupereka mauthenga chinsinsi boma.

9) Kuonetsetsa chitetezo lenileni la ogwira ntchito ndi mayendetsedwe a FSO.

Russian Academy of FSO

Latsopano kanema chitetezo feduro amaphunzitsidwa ndi ophunzitsidwa bwino. utumiki ndi kupezeka kwa aliyense mu FSO thupi chitukuko cha wamkulu mnyamata amene ali usilikali kapena maphunziro apamwamba. Ambiri ndodo amachokera apamwamba bungwe maphunziro amakonzekera akatswiri a Service Federal. FSO Academy anakhazikitsidwa mu 1966. Kwa zaka zambiri, bungwe zinasintha dzina lake nthawi zambiri Komabe, ntchito yake sichinasinthe. FSO Academy ndi mbali ya matupi udindo chitetezo anthu. Imakhala maphunziro amene amathandiza usilikali. nthawi maphunziro akhoza zimasiyana zaka 5 mpaka 6, malingana zapaderazi lapansi. The maphunziro sukulu chikuperekedwa pa ukatswiri zotsatirazi:

- wailesi aya;

- mfundo za chitetezo;

- multichannel telefoni machitidwe;

- machitidwe kulankhulana, Intaneti;

- chitetezo malamulo (Dipatimenti ya Zamalamulo).

Nditamaliza maphunziro, ophunzira kuti adutse zaka 5 utumiki, pa nthawi yomweyo iwo apatsidwa udindo wa mkulu. Choncho, FSO Academy - maphunziro apamwamba bungwe imene imaphunzitsa akatswiri kwa Federal Security Service latsopano la Russia. Lero ndi limodzi mwa mabungwe ambiri wapamwamba la Russia.

Pulezidenti Security Service

Unit polimbana ndi chitetezo thupi la pulezidenti, ndi wapadera mu dongosolo FSO. Decoding ntchito zake zosatheka chifukwa zokhudza ntchito yake zokhudzana zinsinsi boma. Lero ndi mmodzi wa mayunitsi kwambiri osankhika la Russia. ndodo yake amateteza mutsogoleli wadziko la Chitaganya cha Russia, komanso achite ntchito yapadera kuti kupewa ndi kuteteza kuphedwa kwa pulezidenti.

Pomaliza

Choncho, tinachita yodziwa mbiri ndi ntchito za ntchito yaikulu ya FSO. Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti onse deta pa ntchito ya utumiki sizingatheke chifukwa ntchito zake zimagawidwa. Komabe, nkhani limafotokoza malamulo onse, malinga ndi zimene Service Federal amagwira ntchito yake. Mogwirizana chinsinsichi aliyense kuitanitsa kapena munthu pa Russian Federal Security Service. adiresi Service ku likulu angapezeke mu lowongolera, ngakhale amadziwika onse: Russia, Moscow, boma la Russia.