Galimoto pa haidrojeni. Jenereta kwa galimoto wa hydrogen

Posakhalitsa kapena kenako nkhokwe mafuta padziko lonse lidzatha. Mwachibadwa, zimenezi ndi chodziwikiratu kuti chichitike mawa, koma lero mtengo wa mafuta ananyamuka kwambiri pa maziko a mafuta. Zimenezi anakhala tidzayesetsa zabwino kutukula amene zikugwira Kutulukira, ndi mafuta a m'tsogolo. Komanso, ayenera kukhala kuposa mafuta chabe ndi, makamaka, mafuta zongowonjezwdwa. Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti galimoto pa haidrojeni - chidole. Tiyeni tiwone ngati izi ziri choncho.

mafuta a m'tsogolo

Za mafuta kalekale analemba ulendo Kunena za wolemba wotchuka Zhyul Vern. Mu umodzi wa mabuku ake pa mutu wa njira gwero mphamvu Wolemba ananena kuti mankhwala a mphamvu adzakhala madzi opanda. Ndipo kotero izo zinachitika. Inde, si zopeka.

Madzi, kapena kani, chimodzi mwa zigawo zake - haidrojeni - si woyamba mankhwala amafotokozera. Ndi mphamvu m'tsogolo. Komanso taganizani tsogolo kale kwambiri.

Masiku ano, makampani a ku Japan kubala injini uja yekha mtundu wa mafuta. Galimoto pa haidrojeni ku "Toyota" - woyamba kupanga galimoto dziko unathandiza ndi injini izi.

makina ndi zinayi khomo sedani. Ndi magetsi galimoto mphamvu 151 L. a. Mwina mungafunse kuti, kodi haidrojeni, chifukwa galimoto magetsi? Dziwani izi.

"Toyota dziko" Umisiri

The galimoto magetsi ali zoyendetsedwa ndi Converter wapadera. Ndipo walandira mphamvu mwachindunji wa hydrogen. Gasi ali akasinja galimoto ndi kuthamanga. Muli anapanga ulusi mpweya.

Koma amayenerabe mpweya chifukwa zotani. Inde, n'zotheka. Mpweya makina amalandira mwachindunji kwa rediyeta pamene galimoto. refueling mmodzi wa akasinja awiri a haidrojini adzakhala zokwanira kuthetsa galimoto mpaka 480 Km. Refueling amatenga 3 Mphindi yokha. Panthawi imeneyi, izo ndidzadzaza ndi malita 170 ya akasinja mafuta magalimoto. Pafupifupi galimoto pa mowa wa hydrogen adzakhala 4.7 malita pa makilomita 100.

Kodi ntchito?

Pamene haidrojeni amachitira ndi mpweya kumachitika zachiwawa mankhwala anachita zimene ife mphamvu ngati zamagetsi ndi kwaiye. Iwo kusungidwa mu batire la. Kayendedwe ka galimoto ndi synchronous AC galimoto.

Zofunika "Japanese"

Liwiro pazipita nthawi imene makina amatha wa hydrogen ndi 180 Km / h. 100 Km galimoto akhoza imathandizira masekondi 9 chabe.

Kuwonjezera kuti "Japanese" akhoza kukwera osati zoipa chilengedwe, monga galimoto ichi chikhonza kunyumba monga amagetsi. Akatswiri ndipo okonza amene anakhala nawo pa chitukuko cha zatsopano amati panopa umaperekedwa ku nyumba kudzera m'njira imeneyi. Choncho, mungasangalale momasuka ufulu magetsi kwa masiku 5.

Kuchotsera kwa ogula mafuta

Anthu okhala Japan ndi United States amene kugula galimoto pa haidrojeni, adzalandira kuchotsera kwambiri ndi refills ufulu wa makina awo. Olemba ntchito wofuna kutchuka akukhulupirira kuti apindula nazo. Komabe, automakers ena osati wangokhala. Posakhalitsa, ogula angathe kutenga lalikulu kusankha galimoto pa utsi zina.

Lalikulu ndi lowopsya

chakuti wa hydrogen akhoza kukhala nambala 1 utsi zina, kunena kwa nthawi yaitali. Ngakhale pamaso pa mavuto azachuma kumbuyo mu 2008 TV kusindikizidwa zonse inanena za mmene mungagwiritsire ntchito mphamvu ya haidrojeni.

Aliyense makina pa haidrojeni ankaona yojambula, ndi Mlengi wake anali kumanga pafupifupi woyera. owerenga wosaphunzitsidwa ndi okonda galimoto ndithu ankaona kuti ndi yojambula, koma ayenera kuti izi siziri choncho.

zaka 150 zapitazo

mfundo ndi pang'ono mosiyana ndi zimene zinalembedwa amakhala zoyenera mphamvu zina. Hayidirojeni, monga, akugwiritsa ntchito za zaka 150. Haidrojeni galimoto anathandiza apambane nkhondo.

Woyamba mkati kuyaka injini ngati mafuta Lenoir inamangidwa 1860. Kenako mu 1942, panali okwanira misa kutengerapo luso lonse magalimoto ndi pa haidrojeni gwero mphamvu.

Izo zinachitika mu kuzinga Leningrad. Poyamba wa hydrogen agwiritsidwe ntchito mu kachitidwe mpweya chitetezo kwa balloons. Komabe, akulu akatswiri a ku Russia anatha kusintha zinthu.

Zinali bwanji?

Airbus ntchito poteteza mzindawu. Izi kudzazidwa kwa Mlomo ndi wa hydrogen, zouluka zinthu zopangidwa mphira sanalole Nazi ndege kupulumutsa moto mu mzindawo.

Komabe, mphira mpweya chitetezo anali opanda yaikulu. Chifukwa chakuti chipolopolo Airbus anaphonya mpweya uwu, Airbus anakana. M'malo wa hydrogen, tinatenga zosiyanasiyana nthunzi ya madzi ndi mpweya wina. Choncho, nthawi zina Airbus adatchithisira pansi, zinamenyanitsa ndi refueled kachiwiri.

Airbus ntchito refueling ndi magalimoto mafuta winch GAZ AA. Ndipo mawu a anatseka misewu mu Leningrad mtengo mafuta odula kwambiri. nkhondo wakhala zatha m'matangadza ndi Boris Shelits, amene anali katswiri wa asilikali, anatumikira basi pa mafuta a Airbus kwambiri. Apitirizebe Zilibe kukhala mafuta kuti zonse. Iye anayesera kuti ntchito kukulozani zouluka matupi magetsi zingwe. Komabe, mwamsanga ndinapita ndi magetsi. Iwo wayesedwa osiyana malo ambiri mphamvu zina.

Kamodzi katswiri asilikali ankaganiza kuti haidrojeni angagwiritsidwe ntchito mosiyana dzenje mu mlengalenga. Pambuyo kutentha umabala mpweya pa kuyaka, nthawi 4 kuposa ya malasha, 3 - kuchokera mafuta ndi zina mafuta. Shelits kupempha kuti ayese, ndipo dzina apo. Nkosafuna kunena, kotero panali galimoto pa haidrojeni?

Mfundo ntchito

Chiwembu wasayansi kusanduka Airbus kugwirizana ndi payipi kwa polowera zobwezedwa olimbana galimoto. Haidrojeni kudzawala mwachindunji mu zonenepa, motero anyalanyaza ndi carburetor. Mlingo wa hydrogen ndi mpweya wofunikila zimene zinachitikadi ndi fulumizitsa ngo kapena "mpweya".

The zatsopano woyamba Shelits anakhala mu kuzizira. injini anayamba mosavuta, ngakhale kutentha cha kuzizira. Engine ntchito likunena kwa nthawi yaitali. Komabe, balloons chakumene ndi Shelitsa concussion. Pambuyo kupangidwa mwa njira yapadera chitetezo. Bukuli lili ndi chisindikizo madzi, amene amapatula poyatsira wa osakaniza pa mabomba mu injini zobwezedwa. Choncho galimotoyo pa haidrojeni ndi otetezeka.

Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, chitachitika chimodzi cha Motors pa mfutizo, izo zinali palibe avale. zonenepa anali fouling ndi utsi mpweya anali nthunzi yekha.

Haidrojeni kumapulumutsa miyoyo

Anayambitsa kotero galimoto pa haidrojeni pa nkhondo anathandiza kupulumutsa miyoyo yambiri, kupirira asilikali, ndi Shelits analandira mphoto chifukwa cha zimenezi, ndipo ngakhale setifiketi izo. mapulogalamu anali kupereka Yofiira Star.

takisi wa hydrogen

Nkhondo itatha, pamene haidrojeni alibe malo kuti, anayamba kuiwala. Komabe, anthu ena kumbukirani, mu Ukraine, mu Kharkov, ntchito takisi, koma si zophweka, ndi wa hydrogen.

Yopulumutsa pamodzi ndi mpweya Brown

Mu ambiri ngakhale magalimoto mkati mafuta zambiri zamakono kuyaka injini yoyaka kutali mulingo woyenera. Pafupifupi 60% ya osakaniza mpweya ndi mafuta limangolembedwa anataya mkati mwa utsi zobwezedwa. Wokhometsa osakaniza Watenthedwa incompletely, chotero inunso ndipamene mpweya utsi mwachilungamo poizoni.

Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito jenereta wa hydrogen ndi. Izi ndi zida wachibadidwe watsopano, umene kwambiri kupulumutsa mafuta m'galimoto. Ambiri makina onga nalo lingaliro muyezo. Komabe, mwachindunji jenereta wa hydrogen galimoto ya opanga chosiyana ndi kusiyana ena.

Haidrojeni monga zowonjezera mafuta mukufuna kugwiritsa ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali. Koma panalibe kachitidwe kuti konza chisakanizo cha mafuta ndi otchedwa Brown gasi, zomwe zimalowa zonenepa ndi.

Jenereta wa hydrogen galimoto likukhudza mfundo electrolysis. Madzi ntchito monga chothandizira a. Koma sangathe linakwiriridwa m'zigawo ziwiri - hydrogen ndi oxygen. magudumu masiku ano si ntchito zina kuposa Brown mpweya. Izi bulauni wa hydrogen kapena zobiriwira. Nthawi zina amatchedwa madzi mpweya kapena oksigidrogenom. Chilinganizo HHO wake. Kumasiyana kuti ndi otetezeka kotheratu ndipo si zoopsa. Komanso onse a mafuta omwe amatuluka mu kwathunthu kupita zonenepa ndi.

magudumu amenewa zigwirizana chipangizo chimene chichititsa electrolysis, ndi mphamvu. njira electrolysis akulamuliridwa ndi modulator wapadera. Kamangidwe jekeseni galimoto komanso amatipatsa optimizer. Timatha kuti basi zonse chiŵerengero cha mafuta ndi mpweya kusesa mpweya Brown.

mitundu ya catalysts

Tizipangizo ntchito electrolysis, ndi ophweka, ndi maselo wapadera ndi mtundu youma.

Mbali yoyamba selo electrolytic ali ndi mamangidwe lophweka ndi m'malo achikale. kugwira ntchito ndi yosavuta. chipangizo amapulumutsa mpaka malita 0,7 mpweya pa mphindi. Chinali cholinga galimoto ndi injini mphamvu malita 1.4.

The chothandizira ndi mtundu osiyana khungu - othandiza chinthu china. Apa, ndi zipangizo tili mapulogalamu zonse zofunikira. zida wofu- 2 malita pa mphindi. Limeneli liyenera ali ndi dzuwa pazipita.

Youma-mtundu zida ali makamaka ntchito pa makina m'zinthu mwachilungamo yaitali opaleshoni. Ntchito pafupifupi wake. Izo zimatengera mbale angati mamangidwe. Popeza mbale ndi makonzedwe lotseguka, likukhalira kupereka kuzirala wabwino.

Kodi kupanga khungu mafuta a magalimoto?

A mafuta khungu kapena chipangizo chimene udzabala wa hydrogen mwa madzi ndi kuika pa bolodi galimoto, zikhoza kuchitidwa paokha. The mpweya kwaiye ndiye zofunika kutsatira zakudya zobwezedwa. Choncho n'zotheka kukwaniritsa kuchepetsa kwambiri mafuta ndi mphamvu galimoto mwina zochuluka zina.

Mu United States jenereta wa hydrogen galimoto mu establishments, ndipo mugule kwa $ 300. Komabe, tidzayesetsa kuchita chimodzimodzi, koma ndi manja awo.

Kodi muyenera kumanga?

Kulenga chipangizo ichi tiyenera canister polyethylene mbale ndi zitsulo maelekitirodi, chifukwa kulumikiza mawaya, clamps, yamachubu, ndi tepi sealant ndi kusindikiza. Komanso muyenera silikoni mphira.

malangizo Assembly

Pofuna kuti galimoto pa haidrojeni ndi manja anu, muyenera kupeza yoyenera kuchuluka kwa mphamvu. Zidzakhala madzi opanda. Mkati chidebe, mu nkhani iyi, zitini pulasitiki, mbale zitsulo akhoza anapereka. Zingakhale bwino ngati unapangidwa zosapanga dzimbiri zitsulo. M'pofunika kubweretsa maelekitirodi mbale.

Chivundikiro ayenera kuchotsedwa mosavuta kapena kosavuta hermetically losindikizidwa ndi wodzazidwa ndi madzi. The kumtunda kwa jenereta amamwa ayenera chitoliro kwa akubwerera haidrojeni mwachindunji mu zakudya zobwezedwa a galimoto yanu. Onetsetsani kuti asindikize chivindikiro. Hydrogen ndi mpweya - mpweya woopsa kwambiri. Ndiye muyenera mumakhala ndi mpata pakati zipangizo. Choncho n'zotheka kusintha m'badwo mafuta ndi kuchepetsa zomvetsa zotheka.

Kuntchito ya jenereta muyenera mosamala kuonetsetsa kuti apeza kuchokera maelekitirodi, ndipo mbale wathu musakhale lotayirira. Iyi imalimbikitsa chiopsezo moto. jenereta wathu nyumba komanso ayenera kukhala odalirika. Amalimata chivundikiro kudzakuthandizani silikoni mphira.

zamakono jenereta

Pofuna kukonza dongosolo kupanga wa hydrogen, kuwonjezera dongosolo cholandirira wina. Ziyenera kukhala pang'ono kuposa poyamba. Lumikizani iwo, inu mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito machubu. Kotero inu mukhoza bwino ntchito dongosolo.

Unit pakompyuta

gawo ili la jenereta akhoza kumangidwa ndi manja awo, makamaka ngati pali chidziwitso m'munda wa zamagetsi. Ngati kudziwa zinthu zimenezi ndi luso si, ndi bwino kuonana ndi akatswiri mu minda izi. Ulamuliro wagawo ayenera kusintha panopa basi mode, omwe umagwiritsidwa kwa mbale, zochokera liwiro engine.

Mphamvu zitha anapereka empirically pa osagwira injini, komanso pansi pa katundu. Unit pakompyuta ayenera kulandira mfundo masensa kachitidwe magalimoto kulamulira.

Pambuyo unsembe wa jenereta n'kofunika kuti kamodzinso kutsimikizira kukhulupirika ndi kudalirika kwa mafupa onse a dongosolo la. Kutayikira n'koopsa kwa kuthekera kuphulika, ngati makina kungabweretse kuchuluka mafuta. Motero, zotsatira zake zidzakhalabe zoipa. Koma ambiri, makina amenewa pa haidrojeni zomangidwa ndi manja ake, kupulumutsa 25% 40% ya mafuta.

Chotero zipangizo ndi njira zimenezi wa mafuta chuma kwa nthawi yaitali ndipo akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito bwino padziko lonse. Wotchuka wosewera Arnold Schwarzenegger ali wakwera lalitali makina zimagwira amene amayendetsa petulo ndi wa hydrogen. Movie nyenyezi galimoto ndalama madola 150 zikwi. mafuta chifukwa injini izi kuphatikiza a malita 5,8 pa 100 Km.

Lero, makina amenewa pa haidrojeni ku Russia akhoza kukhala zofunika kwambiri.

Kotero, ife tinapeza onse a mbali ndi ntchito galimoto pa mafuta zachilengedwe. Monga mukuonera, ichi ndi chenicheni njira kuti mafuta lero. Ndipo pali chiyembekezo kuti m'zaka zikubwerazi, anthu adzalowa msinkhu wina wa chitukuko, kumene misewu an'dzacosa magalimoto amene angathamange wa hydrogen.