GDP ya Uzbekistan: kufotokozera, mphamvu, kukula ndi zizindikiro

Pambuyo pa ufulu wodzilamulira, boma la Uzbekistan lasankha njira yopititsira patsogolo kayendetsedwe ka chuma ku chuma chamsika. Kupita patsogolo kunali kofulumira, koma patapita nthawi, zofunikira zazikulu za ndondomeko zoterezo zinawonekera. GDP ya Uzbekistan inakula pafupifupi 7 peresenti mu 2014, ngakhale kuti mavuto a zachuma padziko lonse adatha. Komabe, dzikoli lisanatseke kusiyana pakati pa kayendetsedwe ka ndalama za ndalama zake ndi msika wakuda.

Tsopano dziko likusowa kusintha kwakukulu kwa kayendedwe ka ndalama, makamaka, pakukhazikitsa bwino nyengo yachuma, kulimbitsa kayendedwe ka mabanki, kuthetsa kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe ka ulimi. Ngakhale kuti boma likuthandizirabe likupitirizabe kuwononga chuma. Ntchito yogwirizana ya boma la Uzbekistan ndi IMF inathetsa kuchepetsa kuchepa kwa chuma ndi chiwerengero cha bajeti, chomwe chinachepetsa kwambiri chiwerengero cha anthu omwe ali osauka.

Zambiri zadzidzidzi

Chisankho chatsopano cha pulezidenti m'dzikoli chidzakhala pa December 4, 2016 pokhudzana ndi imfa ya Islam Karimov. Mpaka apo, ntchitoyi idzachitidwa ndi Pulezidenti Shavkat Mirzyaev. Chisankho cha Pulezidenti chiyenera kuonjezera kukhazikika kwa ndale m'dzikoli. Kwa zaka 10 zapitazo , chuma cha Uzbekistan chakhala chikufulumira. Komabe, lero likufunikira injini zatsopano zowonjezera.

Kuwonjezeka kwakumwa kwa zaka zaposachedwa kwakhala chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwa gasi, golide ndi malasha. Komabe, kuchulukana kwa zowonongeka kwazinthu zachilengedwe sikungakhoze kuwukitsidwa kosatha, kuphatikizapo, mitengo ya dziko kwa iwo yatsika kwambiri. Chifukwa chake, dziko likusowa kusintha, zomwe zidzaonetsetse kuti chitukuko chachuma chikuyenda bwino. Tikuyembekezeranso kuti kukula kwa Padziko Lonse ku Uzbekistan mu 2016 kudzachedwa, chifukwa cha zifukwa zonsezi komanso mavuto a ogulitsa malonda, makamaka a Russian Federation.

Zizindikiro Zopangira

Poyang'ana deta zomwe zilipo posachedwapa (kuyambira mu 2014), dzikoli lili ndi zizindikiro zotsatirazi:

• GDP ya ku Uzbekistan ndi $ 63.13 biliyoni.
• Kukula kwa zinthu zamtunduwu ndi 7%.
• GDP ya ku Uzbekistan munthu aliyense ndi $ 1,749.47.
• GDP ndi gawo: ulimi - 18.5%, makampani - 32%, gawo la utumiki - 49.5%.
• Ngongole ya kunja - 8.571 biliyoni US madola.

Zosintha zachuma

U Uzbekistan ndi mmodzi mwa anthu otsogolera komanso ogulitsira katundu wa thonje, ngakhale kuti kufunika kwa katundu uyu kwachepetsedwa ndi kupeza ufulu wa dzikoli. Mayiko amakhalanso ndi minda yaikulu kwambiri ya golide padziko lapansi. Uzbekistan ali ndi chuma chambiri: pali mabungwe amtengo wapatali a malasha, zamchere, zamagetsi ndi mafuta. Makampani akuluakulu ndi amisiri, chakudya, makina, malingaliro, migodi ndi mankhwala.

Mphamvu za GDP ku Uzbekistan

Zamtengo wapatali m'dzikoli mu 2015 zinali madola 66.73 biliyoni. USA. Izi ndi 0.11% zokha za Padziko lonse lapansi. Kwa zaka 10 zapitazi, chizindikiro ichi chikukula mofulumira. Ngati tiganizira za GDP ya ku Uzbekistan kwa zaka zambiri, ndiye kuti pafupifupi ndalama zokwana madola 24.39 biliyoni. USA kuyambira nthawi ya 1990 mpaka 2015. Chiwerengerochi chinaperekedwa chaka chatha. GDP yochepa ya ku Uzbekistan nthawiyi inakhazikitsidwa mu 2002 - $ 9.69 biliyoni. USA.

Pakati pa chaka cha 2016, chiŵerengero cha kukula chinali 7,8%. Izi ndizowonjezera 0,2% kuposa nthawi yomweyi chaka chatha. Mipingo yonse ya chuma inayamba pang'onopang'ono kuposa mu 2015. Kukula kwa mafakitale chaka chino ndi 7.2%, ntchito - 12.4%, zomangamanga - 15%, ulimi - 6.4%, malonda - 14.2%. Choncho, zikhoza kuonekeratu kuti kuyenda kwachuma kumayamba kuchepetseratu, komwe kumayambitsa vuto la kusintha kwazomwe kuli kovuta kwambiri. Pafupifupi khumi, zaka khumi zapitazo, GDP inakula ndi 8.03% pachaka. Zomwe zinaperekedwa mu 2007 - ndi 9.8%. Kuwonjezeka kochepa kunalembedwa mu 2006 - ndi 3.6% okha.

Ngakhale kuti chuma cha Uzbekistan chimatsekedwa, chinatha kuonetsetsa kuti kuwonjezereka kwapakati pa Pato la Gulu kuwonjezeka chifukwa cha zinthu zakuthupi zomwe zilipo, makamaka mafuta, gasi ndi golide. Kuchokera kwa ndalama kuchokera ku zokolola zawo ndi malonda kumathandiza akuluakulu a boma kuti aziyendetsa chuma cha dziko lonse kudzera muzinthu zothandizira ntchito ndi mafakitale. Pakadali pano, Uzbekistan ndi wachisanu mwachitsulo chachikulu chotulutsa thonje. Komabe, boma likufuna kusiyanitsa ulimi wake ku zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba.

Uzbekistan: GDP kwa munthu aliyense

Chaka chatha chaka chinali chaka cha zizindikiro zambiri. Mu 2015, chiwerengero chachikulu cha GDP cha Uzbekistan munthu aliyense chinakhazikitsidwa. Anali madola 1856.72. USA. Izi ndi 15% mwa chiwerengero cha padziko lonse. Pakati pa Pakati la Pakati pa Werengolo linalembedwa mu 1996 - $ 726.58. USA.

Nkhondo Yachikhalidwe

Kuwonjezeka kwa chiwerengero cha zachuma ku Russia, kuchepa kwa kukula kwa dziko la China komanso kugula kwa mafuta, malasha ndi thonje, zomwe ndizo katundu wogulitsa katundu, zachititsa kuti pang'onopang'ono chitukuko chachuma chikule. Pofuna kuonetsetsa kuti GDP ya ku Uzbekistan ikukula, akuluakulu a boma adagwiritsa ntchito ndalama zowonjezereka, makamaka kuwonjezereka kwa ndalama za boma komanso kuchepetsa msonkho.

Mu April 2015, pulogalamu yachinsinsi inalengezedwa. Mu theka la 2016, makampani pafupifupi 305 anagulitsidwa kwa nzika za Uzbekistan. Ogulitsa zamayiko akunja analandira magawo ang'onoang'ono m'makampani 30. Mavuto akuluakulu a chuma cha Uzbekistan akhalabe ochepa mphamvu za malonda akunja ndi kuchepetsa kukhazikitsa njira za msika.

Malonda akunja

Kuchuluka kwa zogulitsa kunja mu 2014 kunali $ 13.32 biliyoni US. Akuluakulu a ku Uzbekistan anali mayiko otsatirawa: Switzerland, China, Kazakhstan, Turkey, Russia, Bangladesh. Kwa kutumiza kunja kunali mafuta, thonje, golide, mineral feteleza, ores ferrous ndi opanda ferrous, zakudya, zipangizo ndi magalimoto.

Kuchuluka kwa zogulitsa kunja mu 2014 kunafikira madola 12.5 biliyoni US. Anthu ambiri a ku Uzbekistan anali mayiko monga China, Russia, Republic of Korea, Kazakhstan, Turkey, Germany. Zina mwa katundu wogulitsidwa, gawo lalikulu kwambiri ndi makina ndi zipangizo, zakudya, mankhwala, ferrous ndi non-ferrous ores.

Ziwerengero zoyambirira zikuwonetsa kuti maiko akunja awonjezeka kumapeto kwa chaka cha 2016. Mtengo wa kusamutsidwa ndi kutumizidwa, mmalo mwake, udatsika. Izi zimakhala chifukwa cha kuchepetsedwa pang'ono ndi magulu apadera a katundu wodalirika komanso zopanda chakudya. Pulojekiti yowonjezera mafuta ndi mankhwala imathandizanso.

Kuyanjana ndi mabungwe apadziko lonse

Pakali pano, ntchito 16 za World Bank zikugwiritsidwa ntchito ku Uzbekistan. Kuyanjana ndi bungwe kumamangidwa kuzungulira cholinga cha kukwaniritsa udindo wa chuma ndi ndalama zopitirira pakati pa 2030. Ndalama zamakono pa nthawiyi ziyenera kuwonjezeka kwambiri, koma osati phindu logulitsa zinthu zakuthupi, koma chifukwa cha kukhazikitsidwa koyenera kwa kusintha machitidwe. Mapulogalamu onse akukonzekera kukweza mpikisano wa chuma cha dziko lonse la Uzbekistan, kukonza malonda a malonda ndi kukhazikitsa zida zogwirira nchito mofulumira. Pali malo atatu apadera a mgwirizano ndi World Bank. Kukula kwachitukuko, kukulitsa mpikisano wa ulimi ndi kukweza makina a thonje, komanso kupititsa patsogolo kayendetsedwe kothandiza anthu.