GDR magalimoto hereon

Magalimoto makampani wotanganidwa pambuyo World nkhondo II gawo la Germany anali mizu wabwino. The GDR kapena German Democratic Republic, sichinali dziko mwangwiro agrarian. Panali zomera likhale mafakitale monga Auto Union, BMW nthambi ndi makampani akuluakulu ang'onoang'ono. Akatswiri German kuti kusagwirizana anaphunzira ku sukulu chomwecho, kotero sayansi ndi mafakitale maziko a dziko anali pa mlingo mkulu. Kodi pamapeto tinadabwa makampani magalimoto wa GDR?

Park magalimoto a galimoto GDR

GDR magalimoto ankasiyana zosiyanasiyana zabwino. Amalima lomwenso ndi kudziwika kwa onse, "Trabant", "Wartburg", EMW, "Horch", "Zwickau" ndi DKV. mbali kiyi wa magalimoto zonyamula a mbali Soviet la Germany motere:

• kutsogolo-gudumu kukonzedwa
• ziwiri sitiroko injini;
• ndalama thupi la duroplastic (makamaka);
• yosavuta akhakula mawonekedwe a thupi.

Makampani ambiri pambuyo gulu la Germany anali ophatikizidwa mu lina lalikulu galimoto kumalo otchedwa IFA ( "IFA"). Nthawi zambiri anatanthauza IFA magalimoto. Lachitsanzo odziwika bwino pakati pawo - W50L - anali wotchuka kwambiri, ndipo anali ndi dzina otchuka "Ellie".

Tiyeni tione mwatsatanetsatane magalimoto GDR, zosintha, ndi nthawi imene anali chikalata.

DKW - German galimoto

Mbiri ya kampani izi zinayamba ndi yaing'ono injini kuti njinga. Pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World fakitale yopanga asilikali wakhazikitsidwa. Koma mwiniwake wa kampaniyo anatha kuona patsogolo ndi kusamalira chitukuko cha injini wamphamvu kwambiri pa mtengo wololera. Ine ndinali nalo lingaliro kuti akonze galimoto zimene zingapereke pafupifupi aliyense.

DKW-F1 chitsanzo linatulutsidwa nkhondo isanayambe. Zinali ziwiri yamphamvu, mpweya utakhazikika galimoto. Panali palokha kuyimitsidwa ndi zonse mafupa mathamangidwe kapena zonse mafupa mathamangidwe. "Galimoto za GDR" - kuti angatchedwe chitsanzo DKW-F8. Komanso zinali modelc ndi F9, omwe anapangidwa thupi, ngakhale kasakanizidwe. Pakuti onse makina amenewa kutsogolo-gudumu kapangidwe ndi mpweya utakhazikika mphamvu wagawo anali lililonse.

Chomera, umene kumasula DKV ili Zwickau ndi Eisenach. Ubwenzi makina chizindikiro kwa F8 ndi F9 zitsanzo anali IFA. Ilo linayankhula za umembala wake mu United gulu magalimoto wa GDR.

"Zwickau AWZ P70"

Zotsatirazi chitukuko cha DHQ anali "Zwickau". DuropLAS T - m'malo plywood thupi yokutidwa ndi chikopa onyenga, pulasitiki wakhala ntchito. Ichi ndi yabwino kukhazikitsa zikuchokera gulu la phenolic utomoni ndi zina thonje feathering. Chifukwa chomasuka kupanga omasuka ndi mphamvu wachibale wa nkhani mofulumira zinatchuka mu chilengedwe galimoto bajeti.

Monga kuloŵedwa m'malo DKW-F8, "Zwickau" anali ndi injini yopingasa. Pakhala pali madzi kuzirala ndi galimoto dongosolo magetsi ndi 12 volts. The gearbox anali atatu gawo. Ya kapangidwe tisaiwale chingwe zida. Iye amayendetsera kudutsa rediyeta kuzirala. Cars wa GDR, mbali luso lomwe akhoza kudabwa, kukakamiza kutama iwo lero.

AWZ P70 galimoto pa mzere ulimi mu 1955 ndipo anali ndi zolakwika. Makamaka, kuti tidzalowe chipinda katundu, ndi mipando kumbuyo akhala adatchithisira kutero. Panalinso mawindo likumira mbali. Patapita chaka anaonekera combi Baibulo, adali ndi jombo zazikulu ndi denga kuwala zopangidwa kupanga zikopa lotsekedwa. More masewera chitsanzo anamasulidwa chaka chotsatira, amene anali ndi thupi kwambiri redesigned, koma mfundo izi injini makina.

Wotchuka "Trabant"

Trabant njira German "Sputnik". Kumasulidwa kwa galimoto iyi mpatuko unayambitsidwa mu 1957, pamene woyamba Soviet Kanema unayambitsidwa mu mlengalenga. Chiwerengero cha magalimoto, lofalitsidwa pansi pa dzina "Trabant", kuphatikizapo akalambula P70, kuposa 3 miliyoni. Izi mtundu galimoto ya GDR anali chizindikiro chenicheni cha dziko. Ziribe kanthu momwe ozunzidwa, "Trabi", ndipo chifukwa makina ambiri anthu 'kuima pa mawilo. " Choncho, kodi galimotoyi?

Monga kuloŵedwa m'malo "Zwickau P70", "Trabant P50" (komanso buku la P60 ndi P601) thupi duroplastovy pa mafupa zitsulo. Unit mphamvu anali awiri sitiroko mphamvu malita 26. a. ndipo anali ndi 0.5 kapena 0,6 lita Volume. Engine Wozizilitsa anali ndi mpweya. Mafuta kwa carburetor ndi yokoka analandira kuchokera thanki mafuta, limene lili apa, mu injini chipinda. Chadyaschie injini anadzakhala sangathe yaikulu. Chifukwa cha iye pa "Trabi" anali dzina - ". Quadruple njinga yamoto chisoti ndi ambiri"

Kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo suspensions anali paokha. Amapanga, izo anachita mu yopingasa akasupe. Ndendende chiwongolero zida zinachitikadi chifukwa cha zida chikombole. Mbali ya galimoto, anaikira anthu olumala, ndi gearbox theka-zodziwikiratu. Kufala adamulowetsa pamanja ndi dalaivala ndi zowalamulira zichitike basi kupyolera msonkhano wapadera electromechanical.

Mu 1988, a "Trabant" Sinthani kupita P1.1 chitsanzo. Kusintha chachikulu - injini watsopano kuchokera WV Polo mphamvu malita 41. a. ndipo buku ntchito ya malita 1.1. Kupatula sedani tingachipeze powerenga, Trabant zinalengedwa siteshoni ngolo. Panalinso chitsanzo cha lotseguka Lipenga usilikali ndipo alenje. Wodutsa magalimoto wa GDR, mbiri ya chilengedwe chimene kupangika pamodzi ndi makampani, ali pafupi kwambiri kwa anthu. "Trabi" - imodzi magalimoto amenewo.

"Wartburg" kuchokera GDR

Mark wa GDR "Wartburg" galimoto - yachiwiri wotchuka pambuyo "Trabant". magalimoto awa anasonkhana pa zomera Eisenach kwambiri kuyambira 1956. Maziko a galimoto anali ngati "IFA F9" kapena DKW F9, amene chikalata kale. Model zoti anali Wartburg 311. Mosiyana ndi "Trabant" asanayambe zake, "Wartburg" anali zitsulo zambiri mu kapangidwe. thupilo kwambiri chifukwa chimene m'galimoto zinali zambiri lalikulu.

Mphamvu wagawo 311 pa Wartburg anali 3 yamphamvu awiri sitiroko. Normal dongosolo kondomu akadali sichinayambe anatulukira. Choncho, kuchokera utsi utsi anali kunena mwachindunji ndi chosiyana njinga yamoto phokoso anamveka pamene injini ikulira. Komanso, mosiyana Trabant, "Wartburg" anali ndi madzi kuzirala. Ubwino wa chitsanzo pazikhalanso mwachilungamo masiku ano kwa zaka kuyang'ana.

Mu 1965, a "Wartburg" akukumana wamakono. Zakhala kwambiri redesigned thupi. Round mzere pang'onopang'ono m'malo mwachindunji. Kusinthidwa wakhala owerengedwa 353. Large otakasuka thunthu kwambiri kusandulika zitsanzo ngolo ndi galimoto. Maonekedwe galimoto chinachake amatikumbutsa Soviet Vaz-2101. The sangathe waukulu chitsanzo inali yofanana 2-sitiroko injini. kupanga ang'ono-ang'ono zimapangitsa "Wartburg" zodula, mosiyana ndi "Trabi". Cacikulu Komabe, mtengo unali kupezeka, ndipo galimoto bwinobwino zimagulitsidwa ku maiko oyandikana.

Last kukonzanso "Wartburg" chinachitika mu 1988. Ndiye galimoto ali chiwerengero 1.3 ndipo muli ndi galimoto zachilendo kwa WV Polo buku la malita 1.3. Komabe, wonse kusiyana zamakono wakhala amphamvu, ndipo mu 1991 chomera anagulidwa mwa Opel. Pa Wartburg lero, monga ena a magalimoto GDR - m'chipani.

Soviet BMW

Amadziwika kuti pa dera la Soviet German (kapena East Germany) anali fakitale BMW. Kodi mtundu wa magalimoto akupangidwa ku zomera, amene anali nationalized? Nthawi yomweyo pambuyo pa nkhondo kumeneko zinalengedwa BMW 321 ndi BMW 327. The chitsanzo atsopano ndi tingachipeze powerenga masewera galimoto pa nthawi. Pakuti wokongola kwambiri maonekedwe akunja za makina anabisa 6 yamphamvu ndipo pafupifupi injini 2-lita. Mafuta akulowa injini 2 carburetors. 327 chitsanzo akhoza imathandizira kwa 125 Km / h.

Utayambika GDR ntchito BMW mtundu wakhala zosatheka. Choncho anayamba ndi lakuti ake - ". Za Eisenach Njinga Works" EMW, amene anawamasulira njira Ndipo chitsanzo woyamba wa kampani latsopano mu 1949, anakhala EMW 340. Iwo anali redesigned BMW 326 ndi zoona, woyamba mwini galimoto GDR. Kwathunthu redesigned thupi, kusiya pafupifupi zikutsatiridwa powerplant. Tsopano galimoto kukwera asanu a iwo. Makokedwe wakhala kuchuluka kwa 4200 Chiv. / Min. Komabe, chifukwa cha unyinji waukulu wa liwiro pazipita anali osachepera - 120 Km / h.

3 umabala zosintha EMW 340: sedani, siteshoni ngolo kapena combi ngolo ndi amene wapangidwa ndi matabwa. Galimoto inagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri misonkhano dziko monga apolisi, zipatala ndi mabungwe a boma. Ambiri a magalimoto lero zimakhudzidwa retrovystavkah ndipo ndiwe wokongola mphamvu ya moyo. Ambiri njira luso akhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito EMW kenako zili mu "Wartburg 311". Real GDR magalimoto, photos, ikulongosola za amene angapezeke m'nkhani ino lero - rarities weniweni.

Magalimoto kwa mphete mtundu - "Melkus RS1000"

Tikuyankhula zokhudza mpikisano galimoto ku German Democratic Republic, amene anasonkhana msonkhano waung'ono motsogozedwa ndi Heinz Melkusa. munthu uyu anali wakhama pa masewerawa mphete. Choyamba anatsegula sukulu galimoto, ndiyeno panali ganizo kusonkhanitsa pamaziko a "Wartburg" magalimoto mpikisanowu.

Mu 1959 anapita woyamba masewera zosinthika wa Melkusa. Lachitsanzo dzina anali akuti: "Melkus-Wartburg". Mu 1968 anayamba ntchito pa thupi mawonekedwe a Coupe masewera ku fiberglass. chitsanzo ichi adzatenge mtundu wa zitseko gull-phiko. Monga unit mphamvu ntchito 70 kapena 90 ndiyamphamvu galimoto mu buku la malita 1-1.2. Uyamiko kwa Iye, mtundu galimoto akafuna imathamanga mpaka 165 Km / h (masekondi 9 100 Km / h). kusinthidwa Izi zinaperekedwa Melkus RS1000. Only 100 makope zinalembedwa. Mwatsoka, atamwalira Heinz kupitiriza ntchito kupanga masewera magalimoto sizinachitike.

Onse-gudumu galimoto galimoto ya GDR

GDR magalimoto sanathe kudzitama mtanda, ngakhale kuti munali weniweni zonse gudumu pagalimoto (4 × 4) makina omwe si kugawa. Woyambirira anali "Horch". Kunja anali Horch 901, koma dzinalo anali osiyana - HK1. Panali wokwera V-mtundu injini, amene anali 80 L. a. pa buku la malita 3.6.

The chachiwiri otha magalimoto pagalimoto zinalembedwa pa nthambi wakale BMW ku Eisenach. Main dzina - P1, koma panali zina zimene mungachite: EMW 325/3, KFZ 3. galimoto anali 2-lita 6 yamphamvu mphamvu unit wa malita 55. a. Pamaso chomera kwathunthu anamanganso pansi pa "Wartburg", anakwanitsa kuchita m'ma 160 zidutswa P1.

Mfundo zikuluzikulu zinayi gudumu pagalimoto chitsanzo, ndi GDR ankaonedwa P2. Iwo anali opangidwa pa chinsinsi "chinthu 37" Pa nthawi kuchokera 1955 mpaka 1958. za 1,800 mayunitsi zinalembedwa pa nthawi imeneyi. Kunja, galimoto anali homely kwambiri. Okhota ndege ya thupi akhala mwina kuti wotchipa kubala. Koma maonekedwe izi kubisala mphamvu 6 yamphamvu injini ya 2,4 lita Volume pa malita 65. a. ndi waufupi kwambiri kuyendera m'munsi.

Kukula yomaliza ya GDR okonza wakhala chitsanzo P3. Ground chilolezo wakhala kwambiri - 330 mm. Chiwerengero cha galimoto "akavalo" komanso kuchuluka 75. Komanso anayamba bwino maonekedwe a thupi. Apa panali 4-liwiro Buku ndi 2-liwiro kutengerapo choncho. Inu mukhoza logwirana pakati masiyanidwe.

Kuwala galimoto "Barkas"

Cars wa GDR, adali ndi mtundu IFA lakuti kwenikweni ndi mankhwala a makampani osiyanasiyana. kudziwika Vans limodzi ndi magalimoto kuwala ndi "Launch". Ziwiri sitiroko injini ya "Wartburg" si njira yabwino. Pankhaniyi, "Barkas" anali kuyimitsidwa palokha pa makokedwe aliyense gudumu. Chifukwa cha kutsogolo-gudumu pagalimoto kanyumba pansi mu Vans anali kwambiri anachepetsa. Zimenezi zimawonjezera danga kwambiri mkati.

3 yamphamvu injini ndi buku la lita 1 clocked galimoto kwa anthu 8 100 Km / h. Baibulo loyamba "Longboat" anali akuti V 901/2 ndipo anali kale ndi kutsetsereka mbali chitseko. Anatulutsa galimoto zoterozo mu zaka 1951-1957.

Pambuyo zosintha anali magalimoto ndi injini ku IL: "Moskvich 412". nyemba dzina lake Barkas B1000. Kenako mu 1989, pa "Launch" anaikidwa dizilo 4-sitiroko galimoto ku WV. index chitsanzo Choncho unasintha B1000-1.

M'munsi waukulu "Longboat B1000" analandira ambiri specializations. Apa panali:

• microbus;
• magalimoto kwa ambulansi ndi;
• injini moto;
• magalimoto kwa kuwatsitsimula;
• lotsekedwa Vans.

GDR magalimoto "Barkas" anali zambiri zikufunika kwambiri. Pakuti nthawi zonse kupanga chawo linatulutsidwa pafupifupi 180 000 mayunitsi.

Magalimoto "IFA"

Pakuti mawu akuti "galimoto" Elisa "zimavuta kuona umembala wa galimoto makamaka nkhawa inayake. Pa nthawi ina zinali zambiri chisokonezo, koma m'kupita IFA galimoto imatengedwa W50L galimoto ndi dzina dziko" Ellie ". Kalatayo W mu mutu ananena kuti mzinda komwe udaikidwa izi galimoto - Werdau a kalata L -. mzinda kumene amapangidwa -. chiwerengero 50 Ludwigsfelde limanena kuti galimoto akhoza kukwaniritsa quintals 50, kapena tonnes 5.

IFA W50L anali ndi mphamvu dizilo wagawo woyamba ndi malita 110. m, ndi pambuyo kusinthidwa -. malita 125. a. Amalima nambala yaikulu specifications a galimoto. Uko zedi anali firefighters, cranes, dambo magalimoto, pobowola zitsime. The chithunzi ya galimoto lankhondo la GDR akhozanso kukhala akuonetsedwa ndendende W50L.

Galimoto "Ellie" mu ankafuna kwambiri ndipo anali wotchuka kwambiri osati East Germany, komanso kunja. The USSR nayenso ntchito kusinthidwa galimoto ndi galimoto flatbed. Pa nthawi yonse zaka 25 kuchokera conveyor ndi mbadwa mayunitsi oposa 570 zikwi.

Galimoto "Robur"

"Robur" ndi sing'anga-ntchito magalimoto, chopangidwa mu 1961 mu mzinda wa Zittau. LO Model 2500 akhoza kunyamula katundu wolemera matani 2.5 wa payload. Panadzakhalanso dizilo Baibulo LD 2500 ndipo onse-gudumu pagalimoto asilikali buku la LO 1800a, amene anatenga katundu wa makilogalamu 1,800.

Mu 1973 panali kusinthidwa motsogozedwa kukula yonyamula mphamvu. Tsopano dizilo galimoto anakweza matani 2.6 ndi mafuta - 3 ndi 2 matani. Powertrains akhala amphamvu kwambiri. 75 "akavalo" akhala mafuta "Robur" 70 - dizilo. Zashuga sichinasinthe komanso munali anthu 3.

Galimoto sanali otchuka monga IFA W50L, ndipo pofika m'ma 70s anayamba zimasintha. Pafupifupi onse magalimoto katundu GDR, zithunzi zimene Tingaone m'nkhani ino, ali ndi njira yosavuta okhota. Koma kusiyana chachikulu chinali, ndithudi, luso.

Yabwino ngolo multikar

GDR magalimoto anali paki magalimoto ndi magalimoto. Koma pakati pawo panali zinthu monga Multicar. Izi kuwala ntchito magalimoto zolinga zosiyanasiyana. Makampani yotulutsa multikary ndi otchedwa - Multicar. Zinatha mpaka 2005.

Choyamba multikary GDR anafuna kufalitsa katundu mu nyumba yosungiramo katundu ndi fakitale malo. Izi magalimoto dizilo DK2002 ndi DK2003. Kenako, kusinthidwa chitsanzo DK2004 dzina lake Multicar M21. galimoto komanso wakhala pang'onopang'ono analongosola. Ngati poyamba dalaivalayo ankatha choimirira ilo ndiyeno iye anakhala pansi, ndipo patapita wachiphamaso kanyumba multikara.

GDR mabasi

Kuwonjezera paki magalimoto ndi magalimoto mu GDR panali basi zotsimikizira kampani. Iwo amapangidwa ndi payekha ogwira Fritz Fleischer. Brand S1 ndi S2 mabasi ankazimanga pamaziko a IFA H6B. Mu 70s chitsanzo choyamba cha thupi n'kuikapo dzina: S4 ndi S5, motero. Cars chizindikiro GDR S4, S5 mpaka mapeto a za 80 anapereka utumiki waukulu, chifukwa popanda yachilendo "Ikarus" mabasi mu Union sanaonekenso.

m'malo mapeto

Poganizira GDR magalimoto chitsanzo, adzadziwa m'mbiri ya mapangidwe a. Womangika ndi unsightly wooneka magalimoto ndi athandizi zonse anthu a nthawi imeneyo. Ndipo mu nthawi iyi ya GDR magalimoto - curiosities chabe.