General chirengedwe mfundo: Mayiko, m'maiko, nyanja

Geography - kuipidwa sayansi ya dziko lapansi zimene chidwi kufalitsidwa m'zigawozo zosiyanasiyana zinthu, njira ndi zochitika chikhalidwe. States ndi mayiko m'maiko ndi nyanja - izi ndi zina mwa mfundo zikuluzikulu lawolawo. Pa iwo ayankhidwa m'nkhaniyi.

States ndi mayiko m'maiko ndi nyanja

Kodi kontinenti? Kodi nyanja? Dziko ndi osiyana ndi boma? Tiyeni tiyese poyankha mafunso awa chidwi pamodzi.

M'maiko, mayiko, nyanja - zonsezi mfundo yofunika kwambiri kwa zintchito imene munthu woyenera uyenera kuidziwa.

Ocean - waukulu ndi yothandizira amadzimadzi dziwe limene lozungulira m'mayiko ndi zilumba, ndi zina yodziwika ndi chiwerengero cha makhalidwe (kutentha, mchere zikuchokera, ndi m'madzi organic, etc.).

The kumtunda - ndi yaikulu Geological dongosolo, amene kwambiri chimafikira pamwamba a m'nyanja. mphamvu (kutalika) akhoza kufika makilomita 50-70. N'chimodzimodzi ndi lingaliro ili komanso ndi mawu akuti "kontinenti".

Dziko - ndi dera la padziko lapansi, amene ali ndi malire ake lolozeka.

Sizikusokonezani mfundo ziwirizi: maiko ndi m'maiko. Komabe, padziko lathuli, pali chitsanzo wina wapadera, amene angatchedwe nthawi imodzi ndipo dziko ndi South America. Tikuyankhula zokhudza Australia.

Mayiko, m'maiko ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi mzake ndi kukula kwa gawo ndi anthu. Mwachitsanzo, m'dera la dziko waukulu mu dziko nthawi miliyoni 5.5 lalikulu kuposa m'dera la dziko laling'ono la dziko! Mwa njira, boma ndipo dziko - ndi mfundo zosiyana kwathunthu. Kodi pali kusiyana pakati pa iwo ndi chiyani?

State - m'dziko limene lili ndi ulamuliro (ie, palokha), ali omveka bwino komanso akuluakulu zonse zofunikira.

Kodi m'maiko dziko ndi nyanja?

chiphunzitso chimodzi ndi chimene chinali padziko lathuli ndi kontinenti chimodzi chokha (Pangea anavala dzina) ndi nyanja (Tethys). Kenako, misa dziko umodzi anayamba kuphwanyika, ndi chifukwa kuti anatuluka mudziko osiyana. Iwo Europe ndi ku Asia, Africa, North America ndi South America, Australia, Antarctica. Ena mwa maiko lero ogwirizana ndi makosi yopapatiza, pamene ena ali odzaza ndi kudzipatula madzi (monga Australia).

Ngati chiwerengero cha mayiko onse bwino, pano zimagwirizana pa chiwerengero chenicheni cha Nyanja zimathandizanso geographers simungathe panobe. Mpaka 2000, masukulu onse, aphunzitsi anauzidwa kuti nyanja Padziko Lapansi anayi okha (Arctic, Atlantic, Pacific ndi Indian). Komabe, kumayambiriro kwa Zakachikwi la International Hydrographic Union wakhala allocated nyanja chachisanu - South. Iwo kwathunthu atazungulira madzi ake a Antarctica. Ambiri, kusankha la Southern Ocean ali ndithu wolungama, chifukwa mu gawo ili la madzi a kutentha lathuli ndi ulamuliro wake mchere, dongosolo yakeyake mafunde a nyanja.

Kodi mayiko mu dziko ndipo inati ambiri?

Mayiko mu dziko lero zambiri kuposa limati. A okwana - 251, koma ulamuliro mtheradi akhoza kudzitama 194 okha a iwo. limati onsewa anazindikira mwa mabungwe ndi onse athandiza nthambi.

Boma waukulu mu dziko Russia (malo ake - pafupifupi mamiliyoni 17 Km ^2), ndi laling'ono - Vatican (km 3.2 okha ^2). M'mayiko ambiri mu Europe ndi ku Asia ndi Africa, koma pa Antarctica si nzika.

Mu dziko muli otchedwa boma pafupifupi. Iwo akhoza kukhala pa zilumba osiyana ting'onoting'ono (monga ukulu wa Malu-Vento), kapena alibe gawo yake ndi unalipo pa Intaneti.

Pomaliza ...

Tsopano inu mukudziwa zomwe limanena zosiyana ndi maiko, m'maiko ndi nyanja. Padziko lapansi, pali 6 maiko (chokhala), limene lili 251 dziko. Koma kuchuluka okwana nyanja, asayansi amalephera kukwaniritsa vutoli: ena amakhulupirira kuti asanu a iwo, ena amakhulupirira kuti pali anayi okha.