Riga - likulu la zomwe dziko? M'mayiko Baltic pa map

Ngati inu simukudziwa kumene Baltic States, khadi European angakuuzeni malo ake. dera limeneli lili kum'mawa m'dzikoli, kum'mwera kwa Gulf wa Finland pa Baltic nyanja ozizira.

mayiko atatu kuphatikizapo Baltic States. Map ndi kutiuza kuti anansi ake akuluakulu ndi wamphamvu kwambiri. Ndi Russia ndi Germany, Sweden ndi Poland. Pafupi ndi limati chachikulu akupanga zikuluzikulu ndipo zina ndithu maganizo zopereka za kukhazikitsidwa ndi chitukuko cha deralo.

The limati Baltic ndi posachedwapa. Izo zinachitika mu zaka mazana makumi awiri. Mu mbiri yake yochepa, iwo anapita USSR. Komabe, nthawi yomweyo kuti agwirizane European Union.

Baltic amakopeka apaulendo ndi zowoneka za m'mbiri ndi masoka. Mukhoza kukaona nyumba chidwi ndi bwino anasunga kapena kubwezeretsedwa ndi matchalitchi ndi nyumba zachifumu. Zikope tcheru cha alendo ndi malo akale, amene ali ndi maganizo onyada likulu la mayiko a European - Riga, Vilnius ndi Tallinn.

Baltic States kwa anthu a mkhalidwe wathu ndi yapafupi kunja. M'dziko lake, kumvetsa Russian, koma zonse anapereka chikoka cha Europe. Nature m'dera Baltic ndi osiyanasiyana ndithu. A gombe magombe - malo ankakonda tchuthi m'chilimwe. Kum'mwera kwa Baltic States of malire ake ndi Kaliningrad - Russian polueksklavom.

Nkhani zimene zimapezeka limati Baltic

anthu ambiri anali kuganiza kuti dera monga mayiko atatu European ofanana ndi mzake. Inde, mayiko anali kwa nthawi yaitali mchikakamizo cha Russia. Zitasintha, iwo analengeza paokha. Nkhondo ndi Nazi (mu 1940), mayiko Baltic mbali ya USSR. Tsopano amamutcha chochitika ichi "Soviet ntchito yake."

Pambuyo kugwa kwa Union wa maiko pansi review tasankha kuchita pa kaphatikizidwe European ndipo analengeza ufulu. Tsopano onse limati atatu Baltic kunja EU, ndi m'dera Schengen ndi zina mwa NATO. mayiko awa anathetsa malire pakati pa iwo ndi anatenga yuro mmalo mwa ndalama national (mu Lithuania izo zidzachitika mu 2015). Nthawi ndege (ena kuposa malo ake apadera) - kufanana pakati limati deta.

Kusiyana pakati limati Baltic

Ngati inu tione mbiri komanso chikhalidwe cha maiko atatuwa, zimaonekeratu kuti sali ofanana ndi mzake. Kuyandikana unkachitika yekha pakati pa zinenero Chilituyaniya ndi Chilativiya. Estonia ndi ofanana ndi Chifinishi.

The kusiyana anati m'chikhulupiriro. Choncho, Estonia makamaka kutsatira Lutheran. Pamlingo wamng'ono pali wamba Orthodox. Lithuania ndi dziko mwangwiro Catholic, koma Latvia n'zotheka kukumana ndi atatu a zipembedzo izi.

M'mayiko Baltic pa mapu a dziko lapansi, chomwe limati atatu, anaonekera yekha mu zaka mazana makumi awiri. Mu Middle Ages m'dera lino ali chimodzi chokha dziko - Lithuania. Zinali wodziimira zandale ndipo wasiya chizindikiro kwambiri pa gawo osati loyandikana Belarus, komanso mu Ukraine. Pali anasunga akachisi anamangidwa mu Vilnius Baroque kalembedwe. Panopa likulu la European mayiko - Riga ndi Tallinn - anakhala malo limati yekha mu zaka mazana makumi awiri.

chikhalidwe

Anthu ambiri pali stereotype kuti Baltic States - mtengo paini kukula m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Ndithudi, magombe mchenga kutambasula apa si wamtunda wokwana milingo zana limodzi, choncho palibe zokwanira aliyense. Komabe, mu Estonia palinso miyala gombe, komanso ovuta mkulu yokutidwa ndi maluwa zakutchire ndi yofanana ndi mkungudza. M'madera ena pafupifupi Chipululu chamatalala chaka chonse.

Chile ambiri osiyanasiyana malo a Baltic. Choncho, chikhalidwe cha Estonia akukumbutsa kumpoto kwa Russia. Kum'mawa Latvia amasangalala ake zigwa wokongola mtsinje ndi sandstone ovuta. Pankhani m'dera la Lithuania, chikhalidwe kuno ndi wofanana ndi wa Central.

njira ya moyo

Mayiko onse Baltic ndi chinthu chimodzi chofanana. Sizachilendo m'mayiko onse atatu, njira ya moyo. Iye anapanga pambuyo iwo apeza ufulu wawo. Kodi makhalidwe ake motani? Choyamba, mkulu wa ogula ntchito. Mu maiko Baltic, pa malo mungapeze Masitolo lalikulu ndi amagulako, amene ntchito mpaka mochedwa. Pa nthawi yomweyo zitsala, ndipo alimi misika, misika utitiri ndi achikale. M'mayiko onse atatu aliyense angathe kupereka mwa ngongole ndipo sanali kudya Hamburger, ndi zonse otentha chakudya. Apa zinachitika khofi mu ofesi ndi kwina ufulu Wi-Fi. N'chifukwa chake munthu amene katswiri m'dziko lina n'zosavuta Asia mu zina ziwiri.

Pitani ku Latvia

Tiyerekeze wasankha timudziwe bwino limati Baltic, ndi chimaliziro kufika njira yanu ndi Riga. Likulu la zomwe dziko Mzinda wozizwitsawu? Riga - likulu la Latvia. mzinda kufalitsa pamodzi onse magombe a mtsinje Daugava (Western Dvina), kumene imaphwera mu Gulf wa Riga. Ngati mukufuna kudziwa kumene Riga pa mapu a dziko lapansi, kuyang'ana mu kum'mawa kwa Ulaya mu gawo la limati Baltic.

malo

Riga - likulu la Latvia ndi mzinda waukulu kwambiri ku Baltic States. Dzina la mudzi ntchito yomasulira ku chilankhulo wakale m'dera zikumveka ngati "m'derali, m'derali, unakhota." Mu mawu ena - malo ili pafupi Bay lapansi.

malo a mzinda zimaonetsa ambiri nyanja ang'ono ndi mitsinje. Madamu izi pafupifupi limodzi mwa magawo asanu a m'dera lonse wotanganidwa ndi Riga. Likulu la zomwe dziko Europe akhoza kudzitama wokongola malo zachilengedwe zotero? Kodi chifukwa kukhalapo kwa chiwerengero lalikulu la nyanja ndi mitsinje? iwo anaonekera mu dera limeneli si mwangozi. nyamuka zinathandiza m'badwo wotsiriza ayezi.

Madera chapakati likulu la Latvia anamanga m'dera la malire kunsi kwa Mtsinje Daugava. Mbali kumpoto kwa mzinda ili ku gombe la Gulf wa Riga. Mu kum'mwera ndi kum'mawa dera pafupifupi palibe nyumba, monga pali zithaphwi ambiri ndi m'madambo. Kale, iwo anali chotchinga chachilengedwe choteteza mzindawo kwa adani.

Kumpoto ndi kum'mawa kwa Riga wazunguliridwa ndi milu ya mchenga wokongola ndipo heathlands. Mu kumpoto chakumadzulo likulu la Latvia kusamba ndi madzi Baltic Sea. Mzinda kumadzulo kwa Riga, Jurmala wotchuka.

Izi malo achisangalalo, limene lili m'dera la ambiri pogwiritsa. Komanso mumakhala zosiyanasiyana zikondwerero.

nyengo

mzinda wa Riga (Latvia) adzakomana ndi inu ndi yotenthayi imakhala chinyezi ndi nyengo achisanu ndi thaws ambiri. Ndi chifukwa ndi kotentha chokhala nyengo m'gawo la likulu ili. Mu chilimwe, kutentha pafupifupi ndi madigiri makumi awiri pamwamba ziro, pamene m'nyengo yozizira kutentha kawirikawiri akutsikira m'munsimu opanda atatu.

Mwa mwezi wa December Riga zophimbidwa ndi chipale chofewa, lomwe lili mumzinda mpaka chiyambi cha March. likulu sangathe kudzitama wa thambo bwino dzuwa. mitambo pano pafupifupi theka pa chaka. Ngakhale zili chomwechi, mvula mu mzinda kugwa pang'ono.

ndodo utsogoleri

m'gawo Riga lagawidwa m'zigawo zitatu. Pakati pawo Ziemelu, Kurzeme ndi Central. ndi mabusa atatu ndinu gawo la mzinda. Iwo Vidzeme, Zemgale ndi Latgale. Iwo agawidwa m'zigawo angapo ang'onoang'ono.

nkhani

Za mzinda wa Riga nyimbo woyamba zinalengedwa m'mbiri ya 1198 Kuyambira 1201 mudziwo unali mzinda wosankhidwa ndi bishopu wa Livonia monga nyumba yake. Asilikali a Sweden anapambana Riga mu 1621. Kuyambira 1710 mumzinda anakhala gawo la Russia. Mu 1919 Riga anakhala likulu la Republic of Latvia, kuyambira 1940 - ndi likulu la SSR Chilativiya. Tsopano Riga likulu la zomwe dziko? Kuyambira mu 1991, mumzinda uno mtima wa Latvia. Riga City - mpando wa pulezidenti, boma ndipo yamalamulo wa dziko.

zowoneka

Kuyamba ubwenzi ndi likulu la dziko la Latvia ayenera m'dera limene kamodzi anaika mwala yake yoyamba umatulutsa. Izi otchedwa Old Riga. Mbali imeneyi ya mudzi ndi zazikulu mapulani ndi mbiri yakale gulu loyimba, dera limene dongosolo la zipilala zana ndi makumi asanu a zomangamanga wakale.

The nyumba otchuka Old Riga ndi Dome Cathedral. Lililonse alendo odzacheza likulu la Latvia, ayenera kupita uko ndi kumvetsera kwa chiwalo wotchuka. Cathedral anali kuikidwa mu 1211 Nyengo ya kutsiriza ndi zaka za m'ma khumi ndi chitatu. Pa mbiri yake nyumbayo ankamangidwanso kangapo. Choncho, linamangidwa mbali m'matchalitchi ndi mbali Romanesque-Gothic anaonekera. Chimake a tchalitchi anakhala Baroque nsanja, ndi kutalika mamita anayi, limene lili pa spire wa tambala golide. Tsopano nyumba ino wakhala chizindikiro cha mzinda.

Mu 1601, limba anaikidwa pa Dome Cathedral. Iwo Mpake amanyadira Riga. Likulu la zomwe dziko akhoza kudzitama za chida chotero? Dome limba ndi wapadera mu kukongola kwa liwu lawo. Lero ndi chimodzi mwa waukulu kwambiri padziko lonse.

Zazikulu chipilala a zomangamanga akale ndi Mpingo wa St. Peter ili pa msewu Skārņu. Ntchito yomanga nyumba imeneyi inayamba mu 1209. Mu 1941 matchalitchi anawonongedwa. Pakali pano, chipilala kwathunthu anakongoletsa. Popeza kuonerera ake sitimayo limatithandiza zazikulu za likulu Baltic.

Ngati cholinga chanu amusankha Latvia (Riga), mapu a mudzi ndithu ofunika. Izo mwamsanga kupeza njira zawo m'misewu ya mitu Baltic. Suli kutali St. Peter mudzapeza Castle. Iye alinso ndi chikhomo odziwika wa Old Town. mukhoza amasirira kumpanda wa Order ya Akhristu m'dera limeneli, lomwe inamangidwa m'zaka za m'ma XIV. Njirayi imatchedwa Riga Castle. Kale, nyumbayi inali okhala woweruzayo wa Order Livonia. Pambuyo Riga Castle olamulira a Poland ndi Sweden moyo. Kungoyambira kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri, nyumbayi inali okhala Kazembe-General wa Russia. Lero, zinthu zakale zingapo ili mu nyumbayi. chionetsero awo anayambitsanso alendo mbiri ya Latvia, luso zakunja, komanso mbiri ya mabuku ndi luso la dziko. Mu kulinga pali khonde yaing'ono. Iwo m'nyumba chionetsero mpaka kalekale ziboliboli munda.

Popitiriza ulendo wa Old Town, mukhoza kuona chipilala wina wa zomangamanga akale. Iwo ndi ufa kapena Sand Tower. Ndi nyumba yokhayo moyo, kumene kunali mbali ya linga kudziteteza Riga malinga. Nsanja, anamanga mu 1650, ali ndi kutalika kwa 25,5 m, ndi m'mimba mwake ake -. 14.5 mamita Nyumba iyi ali wakhungu makoma atatu-mita, anaika ndi njerwa zofiira. Ndipo kokha m'madera ena ku nsanja, pali yopapatiza mazenera, battlements. Kumangidwa otchuka ndi amphamvu amapanga ndi maganizo kukoma.

Pa mapu ndi ofunika kupeza kuchokera kuchiyambi. Iwo uli pano anaika Swedish Chipata. Iwo anamulasa mu 1698 pa khoma mpanda wolimba. Atayendetsa pansi pa Chipilala cha khomo, mukhoza kuona mpingo wa St. James. Pamwamba pa nyumba ino, anamanga mu 1225, a spire Gothic pamwamba pa ndilo golide cockerel.

Riga - Europe. Chifukwa chake likulu Chilativiya, angapezeke nyumbayi, yomwe nyumba Large ndi Small munalidi gulu. Izi ndi khalidwe la mizinda yonse akale European. Munalidi gulu ndi mgwirizano wa nzika mwayi. Ndinali nazonso, ndi Riga. Choncho, munalidi gulu Wamkulu mu mzinda Unali kuchita malonda ndi chiyambi German, ndipo Minor - amisiri.

Old Town akukuitanani kukaona gulu loyimba kamangidwe ka za m'ma XV., Amene atchedwa "abale atatu". Iye adzakupatsani chithunzithunzi cha mmene akale okhalamo anakonza.

Pa gawo la gawo wakale wa mzinda ndi mzinda wotchuka cafe. Pakati pawo - kosamalira "Old Town" ndi "Satini Mipando". Iwo akhoza kuitanitsa Black basamu anapanga malinga maphikidwe munaupereka kwa ife kuchokera Ages Middle.

Mu mbali yaikulu ya mzinda wa Riga (onani pansipa chithunzi) ndi wamng'ono kwambiri. Kudera limeneli amakhala ndi kukhalapo kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zomangamanga. Nyumba mu mzinda wokongola komanso wachisomo.

Malire a Old Town ndi phata Hill. Ichi ndi chipilala wapadera, amene ali amatikumbutsa redevelopment, mu mzinda, mu zaka za m'ma XIX. Izo zinali ndiye anagwetsa ngalande ndi makoma a mbali Old mumzindawo. Ndipotu, iwo linasiiratu cholinga chake nyumba kumbuyo. Pa malo mchenga anaikidwa pamwamba pa phata linamangidwa phata Hill. Chemba inasanduka Urban njira.

Watsopano mzinda anali potsiriza anapanga ndi cha m'ma XIX. Pa malo a nyumba ya anagwetsa kunapangitsa boulevards lonse ndi misewu, womanga anthu, kayendetsedwe ndi zogona nyumba. Chokongoletsera latsopano mzinda akhala m'mapaki, analengedwa mu XIX mochedwa - oyambirira XX atumwi.

Chidwi cha alendo amakopeka ndi Chilativiya maphunziro Opera ndipo Ballet Theatre, limene lili pafupi ndi phata Hill. Linamangidwa kumbuyo mu 1863 Poyamba, nyumbayi anamangidwira kwa German Theatre wa Riga. Iwo ankagwira ntchito Wolemba Richard Wagner, panali zisudzo ndi Schumann ndi Liszt, komanso ambiri otchuka ena.

Ngati muyenda pa Boulevard Yana Raynisa, mukhoza kuona waukulu bungwe yophunzitsa Latvia - University State. nyumbayi inamangidwa 1866-1869 gg. Poyamba inali Polytechnic School, kenako lidzasinthidwa Institute, ndiyeno University. Boulevard Yana Raynisa ayenera kupanga kukayenda mumasangalala nawo, chifukwa iye ndi mmodzi wa okongola kwambiri Riga. Pano pali mabwalo, amene anamanga kalembedwe wa munda English, lomwe lili ndi dongosolo ufulu. Monga zokongoletsa malo wobiriwira ntchito ziboliboli kukongoletsa. Likulu la Latvia wakhala amanyadira boulevards ake, mabwalo, m'mapaki ndi minda. m'madera Green mu malo ambiri chokongoletsedwa ndi ziboliboli.

Ogwira Riga Central Park - Forest. m'gawo lake ndi Grand Maziko kuimba magulu. Suli kutali nkhalango wathyoka Zoological Garden. Pali mu Riga Song Chikondwerero Park, amene amayendetsa ndi Latvians ankakonda wowerengeka chikondwerero.

Riga ndi chikhomo inamangidwa mu 1935, ufulu wa Chipilala. Ndi chosema cha mzimayi atanyamula pa mutu wake nyenyezi zitatu. Ndi chizindikiro cha mzinda wa ufulu. Star amaveka korona chipilala limaonekera kuchokera m'mapaki ambiri ku likulu la Latvia.

Kuti Riga zokopa akhoza bwinobwino analembedwa ndi pamsika waukulu, yemwe ali mmodzi wa lalikulu maofesi m'nyumba ya mtundu uwu mu Europe.