Golitsyn Manor: nyumba yosungiramo nyumba, paki ndi tchalitchi

M'nthaŵi ya Russia, tsamist, mabanja olemekezeka anali ndi malo akuluakulu. Pambuyo pa kusintha kwa 1917 ndi nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse, ambiri mwa iwo anali ndi mwayi wopulumuka. Nyumba ya Golitsyn ndi imodzi mwa malo omwe anapulumuka pa zochitika zovuta kwambiri m'mbiri yakale, anabwezeretsedwa, anakhala yosungiramo zinthu zakale ndipo anadza pansi pa chitetezo cha Federal Program ya Russian Federation. M'kati mwa bwalo pali nyumba zamalonda zokhala ndi zinyumba, zoweta ng'ombe, ziboliboli, malo osungirako, nyumba ...

Mbiri ya maonekedwe a manor ndi dzina lake

Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa deralo, komwe kunakhala malo a akalonga Golitsyn, ndi a zaka za XVII. Icho chinali cha amonke a Nikolo-Ugreshsky pamodzi ndi mphero. Pambuyo pake, mu 1702, anaperekedwa kwa Georgy Stroganov, mwana wamwamuna wogulitsa mafakitale, mbadwa ya banja lolemekezeka. Poyamba, analandira mphero ndi dziwe, ndipo kenako maulendowa ankawazungulira.

Mu 1716, kumangidwanso kwa tchalitchi kunayamba, komwe kunadzipatulira kulemekeza Chizindikiro cha Vlaherna cha Amayi a Mulungu. Pambuyo pomanga nyumba, malo a Kuzminki adatchedwanso Vlaherna. Dzinali linaperekedwa kale kwambiri kuti palibe amene amakumbukira chifukwa chomwe mpheroyi idatchulidwa: mwina mwiniwake anali Kuzma, kapena nyumba ya amonke inali ndi mayina a Kuzma ndi Danila. Komabe, mu 1740 George Stroganov amalandira Kuzminki podzigwiritsa ntchito payekha ndikuyamba kukula pang'onopang'ono. Apa ndiye kuti dziwe linalengedwa, lomwe lapulumuka mpaka lero.

Manor ali ndi mwini watsopano

Mu 1757, mwiniwake wa nyumbayo anakhala kalonga wamkulu Golitsyn Mikhail Mikhailovich - mwana wa mmodzi mwa mabanja abwino kwambiri, mchimwene wa vice-chancellor. Panali nthambi zinayi m'banja lawo, ana aamuna atatuwa amakhala tsopano. Atakwatirana ndi Anna Stroganova Golitsyn anamulandirira dowry ngati mahekitala 518 a malo ndi malo enieni Vlaherna. Icho chinakhalabe cholowa cha banja lachifumu mpaka kusintha kwaokha.

Kukula kwa nyumba

Atatha ukwati wa mwana wamkazi wa Stroganov , malo a Golitsyn ku Kuzminki anayamba kusintha. Nyumba yakale inamangidwanso, kudaliranso kwakukulu kwa kukonzedwa kwa malo. Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi kuphulika kwa mabayi anayi, omwe mungayamikire komanso pakalipano. Paki ya Chingerezi inakhala chitsanzo chotsanzira eni nyumba omwe anali pafupi ndi olemekezeka. Pafupifupi nyumba zonsezo zinamangidwanso: slobodki, kavalo ndi zinyumba, tchalitchi, kulasa.

Pambuyo pa imfa ya Prince Michael, mwana wake, Sergei Mikhailovich (malinga ndi mawu ena, mphwake wake) adatha. Pansi pake, malo a Golitsyn "Kuzminki" adatchuka kwambiri chifukwa cha zomangidwe zake kuti ankafanizidwa ndi mizinda ya Pavlovsk ndi Peterhof pafupi ndi St. Petersburg.

S.M. Golitsyn anali wamakampani akuluakulu ogulitsa mafakitale ndipo anali ndi mafakitale a miyala yachitsulo. Zonse zapamwamba za zomangamanga, monga zitseko, mabenchi ndi ziboliboli zinaponyedwa pa iwo. Pofuna kumanga zipilala, nyali, zhirandols ndi mitundu ina yazing'ono, kalonga adaitana ambuye ngati Rossi, Kompioni, AG. Grigoriev, A Voronikhin, M. Bykovsky ndi ena. Zinasintha kwambiri pomangidwe ndi malo, malo a Golitsyn ku Kuzminki ankatchedwa Russian Versailles pakati pa akatswiri ojambula.

Tsogolo lina la nyumbayo

Nyumbayo inakambidwa ndi kukonzedwa bwino mpaka imfa ya Prince Sergei Mikhailovich. Atafa, malo a akalonga a Golitsyn "Vlaherna-Kuzminki" adapita kwa mchimwene wake Mikhail Alexandrovich, yemwe anali msilikali ku Spain. Mu malo, iye sanawonekere.

Pambuyo pake, malo a Golitsyn ku Kuzminki anapita kwa mwana wake Sergei Mikhailovich. M'nyumba imabwera bwinja ... Kalonga akupita ku Dubrovitsy, amachepetsa antchito a antchito, malowa amaperekedwera ku dachas. Panali ngakhale nyumba zomanga nyumba zambiri.

Pamene malo a Golitsyn anapita kwa mwana wake, Sergei Sergeyevich, kunali nkhondo yoyamba yapadziko lonse. Chimodzi mwa nyumba za nyumbayi chinaperekedwa kuchipatala kwa akazembe. Chifukwa cha kunyalanyaza kwawo, moto unayambika, nyumba ya Ambuye ndi West Wing zinayaka - nyumba izi zinakhalabe matabwa.

Mu 1918 malo a Golitsyn adakhala a Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine. Mitengo yomwe inali ndi zitsulo zamtengo wapatali zinagwiritsidwa ntchito poyang'anira dziko latsopano, luso lachitsulo loponyedwa mu smelting. Kuchokera ku tchalitchi chakale kunapanga nyumba ya holide. Mu 1941, ngakhale kuti mabomba ankhondo a Germany anali kuphulika nthawi zonse, malo a Golitsyn sanawonongeke.

Mu 1960, nyumba, yomwe idasanduka bwinja, inalandira udindo wa chipilala. Park Kuzminki yakhala malo otchuka omwe amapita kukachita tchuthi komanso pakati pa miyambo yambiri.

Bwalo lakunja

Kuzminki (museum-estate) imayamba ndi "Courtyard". Zimaphatikizapo zinthu zambiri zomwe zimayenera kulingalira mosiyana: Nyumba ya Mansion, Kumadzulo ndi Kumapoto a Kum'mawa, mlatho Wophatikiza, chipata cha bwalo lakumaso, mpanda wa bwalo ndi nyumba ya Aigupto (khitchini).

Bwalo lakunja linapangidwa ndi wopanga nyumba Yegorov IV. Kuti apatule ku gawo lonselo, idali kuzunguliridwa ndi mpanda ndi kuzungulira ndi moat, yomwe i Golitsyny idadzazidwa ndi madzi. Zinali zotheka kufika kunyumba ya Ambuye kudutsa mlatho wopita nawo ndi nyali. Malingana ndi lingaliro, nyumba zonse ziyenera kukhala zooneka bwino, choncho bwalolo linakongoletsedwa ndi mabedi a maluwa ndi shrub yaifupi. Nyumba ya Aiguputo inkagwiritsidwa ntchito monga khitchini.

Ensemble "Kuzminsky Park"

Mpaka pano, Kuzminsky Park ndi malo ovuta kwambiri owonetsera zachilengedwe. Amakhala ndi malo okwera Chingerezi ndi Achifalansa, mathithi a Kuzminsky, nyumba yamadzi, Grottoes, Lion's Wharf. Mabwalo lero ali pafupi kutsegulidwa kwa alendo, amachitira zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Tsegulani kwa alendo ndi mabwato okongola. Chokhacho ndicho malo omwe ali pa sukuluyi.

Mbalameyi ili ndi mabomba anayi: Kummwera Wakminsky, Nizhniy Kuzminsky, Shibayevsky, Shchuchiy. Yoyamba ndi Lion Pier. Anali kuyenda naye paulendo wa ngalawa. Pakati pa Madzi a Kumtunda ndi Akumunsi, pamadzi, pa malo a mphero yakale, nyumbayo inamangidwanso. Iwo ankakhala alendo omwe ankakhala usiku.

Pa banki imodzi munali Music Pavilion, kumene mafilimu amawonetsedwa panopa, ndipo kumbali ina pali mitengo iwiri - One-Arched and Grocery Three. Poyamba pansi pa Golitsyns magulu a makamu ndi alendo amaika mawonedwe a masewero. Kumphepete mwa Lower Pond kunali Ptichnik, yomwe kenako inamangidwanso kukhala wosuta.

Kachisi ku Manor

Nyumba ya Golitsyn inalandira dzina lake lachiwiri molondola chifukwa cha kachisi uyu. Tsar Aleksei Mikhailovich anapatsa mwiniwake wa nyumbayo Stroganov mndandanda wochokera ku Vlaherna Icon. Kuchisunga, tchalitchi cha matabwa chinamangidwa mu 1716-1720.

Golitsyn anamanganso mpingo - tsopano makoma ake anapangidwa ndi miyala. Asilikali a Napoleon anaipasula, koma nkhondoyo itatha, eni akewo anabwezeretsanso kachisiyo, anaika miyala ya marble, clock pa bell tower, ndipo anayeretsanso.

Pambuyo pa 1929, phansi lachitatu linatsirizidwa, tchalitchicho chinasandulika kukhala malo osungiramo nyumba, kenako nkulowa mu ofesi ya ofesi. Pambuyo pa 1990, tchalitchicho chinasamutsidwa ku diocese ya Tchalitchi cha Russian Orthodox ndipo chinabwezeretsanso.

Momwe mungapitire ku Kuzminki

Ndipotu, nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale, yomwe lero ndi nyumba ya Golitsyn ku Kuzminki, sizinthu zokha zomwe tafotokoza. Awa ndi gazebos, ziboliboli, mahatchi ndi nyumba zambiri. Tsiku lina kufufuza zonsezi sikokwanira, choncho ndi bwino kubwera kuno kangapo.

Kufika ku nyumba yosungiramo nyumba yosungirako nyumba sikumakhala kovuta. Zokwanira kufika pa siteshoni ya "Kuzminki" ndikuyenda 15-20 mphindi. Kotero inu mukhoza kufika ku chapakati chapakati cha nyumba yosungiramo zinthu zakale. Kuti mwamsanga mupite ku malo enaake, mungatenge basi ya shuttle, koma pamene iwo sapita kawirikawiri, ifulumira kukwera sitima yapansi pantansi kapena kuyenda.