Herman Melville "buku la Moby Dick kapena The Whale White": mwachidule. "Buku la Moby Dick" - buku zochokera nkhani yochitika

Lero tiona wotchuka zosankha American wolemba Herman Melville, kapena m'malo mau ake. "Buku la Moby Dick kapena The Whale White" - buku yochokera ku zochitika zenizeni. Lidalembedwa mu zaka 19651.

Za bukulo

"Buku la Moby Dick kapena The Whale White" (mwachidule azipereka pansipa) wakhala waukulu mankhwala a H. Melville, nthumwi ya American Romanticism. buku limeneli lili ndi zambiri m'nyimbo nkhani, ali otchula nzika m'Baibulo, chizindikiro cha kuchuluka. Mwina ndiye chifukwa chake iye anali osavomerezeka ndi m'nthawi yake. Ngakhale otsutsa kapena owerenga sindikumvetsa kuya ntchito. Only mu 20s wa buku m'ma 20, ngati kuuweruza, ndalama zimene anapereka kwa ndalama ya wolemba.

Mbiri ya chilengedwe

buku inachokera pa zochitika zenizeni zimene mukhoza kuvomereza ndi retelling mwachidule. Herman Melville ( "buku la Moby Dick" anali pachimake cha luso lake) anatenga monga maziko a ntchito za zimene zinachitika ndi ngalawa "Essex". chombo uyu anadza nsomba mu 1819 ku Massachusetts. Pafupifupi theka oyendetsa ankachita nawo whaling, mpaka tsiku lina zilibe kutha yaikulu chinsomba umuna. November 20, 1820 chombo rammed mwa chinsomba kangapo.

Pambuyo kusweka kwa ngalawa anapulumuka oyendetsa 20, amene anatha mabwato kuti akafike ku chilumba cha Henderson, amene analipo pa nthawi imene anthu ochepa. Patapita nthawi, ena opulumuka anapita kukafuna Chile, zina anakhalabe pa chilumba. Apaulendo lonse masiku 95 wa akungoyendayenda nyanja. Iwo anapulumuka awiri - mkulu ndi crewman wina. Iwo anatola whaler. Iwo analankhula za zimene zinawachitikira.

Komanso, masamba a buku ndi nayo anakumana nazo Melville, amene adapita m'chombo whaling ndi zaka theka. Anzake ambiri anali ngwazi ya ndiye buku. Mwachitsanzo, mmodzi wa eni chotengera, zikuoneka ntchito pansi pa dzina la Bilidadi.

Chidule cha nkhaniyi: "buku la Moby Dick kapena The Whale White" (Melville)

The protagonist - mnyamata, Isimaeli. Iye ali wamphamvu ndalama vuto, ndi moyo pa dziko pang'onopang'ono kumvutitsa iye. Kotero aganiza kupita pa whaler, pamene inu mukhoza kupanga ndalama, ndi zina zoterozo mu nyanja zosatheka.

Nantucket - wamkulu American doko mzinda. Komabe, ndi chiyambi cha m'ma 19, zinatha kwa waukulu pakati nsomba, izo anakankhira wamng'ono. Komabe, Isimaele ndi zofunika kuchita chotengera kwenikweni apa.

Pa njira Nantucket Isimaeli anasiya m'tawuni ina ku doko. Pano mukhoza kukumana m'misewu ya mbuli, amene anafika pa zotengera nyanja kupita pa ena chilumba osadziwika. nthandala pogulitsira zakudya anapangidwa ndi zibwano yaikulu chinsomba. Ndipo alaliki mu mipingo, mukwere makwerero ku dipatimenti.

Mu hotelo mnyamata akukumana Queequeg, Harpoon-mbadwa. mofulumira kwambiri, amakhalanso mabwenzi abwino, anaganiza kulowa m'chombo pamodzi.

"Pequod"

Ndi kokha pa chiyambi cha mwachidule wathu. "Buku la Moby Dick kapena The Whale White" - buku, amene akutenga malo tayi m'tauni doko la Nantucket kumene Ismayeli ndi bwenzi lake latsopano ganyu ngalawa "Pequod". Whaler akukonzekera kuzungulira, amene adzakhala zaka 3.

Ismayeli zinadziwika nkhani ya Mkulu woyendetsa sitimayo. Ahabu otsiriza kuthawa, kumvetsa ndi chinsomba, anaduka mwendo. Zitachitika izi, anakhala wozingwa ndi morose, ndipo ambiri a nthawi m'kanyumba wake. Pa njira yotulukira ndege, monga oyendetsa kunena, ine sindinali ngakhale mu malingaliro anga kwa nthawi yaitali.

Komabe, izi ndi zina zochitika zina zachilendo yokhudza chotengeracho, Isimaeli sanali angagwirizanitse chapadera kwambiri. Popeza anakumana ku doko Muzisamala mlendo amene anayamba kuneneratu za imfa ya "Pequod" ndi gulu lake lonse, mnyamata anaganiza kuti monga wopemphapempha ndi wakuba. A yosokoneza mdima akalumikidzidwa, usiku, analumphira m'chombocho, ndiyeno ngati njira pa iye, iye anaganiza chabe figment cha maganizo awo.

woyendetsa

Ovuta kuwamvetsa kugwirizana ndi woyendetsa chombo wake zikutsimikiziridwa ndi chidule cha. "Buku la Moby Dick" akupita kuti Ahabu anatuluka sitimayo ankamutsekera masiku owerengeka chabe pambuyo chiyambi cha ulendo wa. Ismayeli anamuona, anagwidwa mkulu mdima ndi kusindikiza ndi zosaneneka ululu mumtima nkhope yake.

Makamaka mkulu wina miyendo akanatha kusunga bwino pa pitching amphamvu matabwa sitimayo analaswa mabowo ang'onoang'ono mu anaika mwendo wake yokumba zopangidwa nsagwada za nsomba umuna.

Woyendetsa akulamula oyendetsa kuyang'ana kwa chinsomba woyera. Ahabu palibe mmodzi ayankhula, ndi chatsekedwa ndipo amafuna lamulo chakecho mwa kumvera ndi kuphedwa nthawi ya malangizo ake. Ambiri mwa malamulo amenewa chifukwa adzadabwitsa atumiki, koma woyendetsa anakana kufotokoza chilichonse. Ismayeli ankadziwa kuti mu zakuda mkulu reverie amabisala mwachinsinsi mdima.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba mu nyanja

"Buku la Moby Dick" - bukhu, mwachidule zomwe ndi za mmene munthu zokumana nazo, choyamba anamasulidwa mu nyanja. Ismayeli ndi kuyang'anira mosamala moyo pa chombo whaling. Melville amapereka kulongosola wa zambiri danga pamasamba anasankha. Pano mukhoza kupeza zokhudza zipangizo zosiyanasiyana wothandiza, malamulo ndi njira zofunika zinsomba kusaka, ndi njira zimene yotengedwa nsomba spermaceti - chinthu wopangidwa mwa mafuta a nyama.

Pali m'mitu buku, omwe amadzipereka zosiyanasiyana mabuku anamgumi nyumba Kafukufuku Whale michira, akasupe, mafupa. Pali ngakhale kutchulidwa kwa zinsomba umuna anapanga mafano opangidwa ndi miyala, mkuwa ndi zipangizo zina. Kwa buku la wolemba amaika zokhudza chikhalidwe chosiyana nyama zimenezi modabwitsa.

golide doubloon

Ife zikupitirirabe mwachidule wathu. "Buku la Moby Dick" - buku, chidwi osati kwa zipangizo zake Buku ndi nkhani zinsomba, komanso nkhani yosangalatsa. Choncho, kamodzi Ahabu akusonkhanitsa gulu lonse "Pequod" imene ataona kukhomedwa kwa mlongoti wa doubloon golide. Woyendetsa inanena kuti ndalama adzapita amene ali oyamba kuzindikira njira ya chinsomba woyera. Izi albino umuna chinsomba odziwika mwa whalers dzina lake buku la Moby Dick. Iye anaganiza oyendetsa mantha ferocity awo, kukula yaikulu ndi kuchenjerera kale lonse. khungu lake ali ndi zipsera harpoons, Iye zambiri ankabwera ku nkhondo ndi anthu, koma nthawi zonse kutulukamo wopambana. Izi kukana zosaneneka, zomwe kawirikawiri itatha imfa ya chotengera ndi gulu, whalers anazolowera sayesa kuti muchigwire icho.

Za msonkhano zoopsa Ahabu ndi buku la Moby Dick limatiuza mwachidule mitu. Herman Melville limafotokoza mmene mkulu zotayika mwendo wake pamene, pokhala pakati wreckage, pa mkwiyo, anathamangira kwa chinsomba umuna ndi mpeni mu dzanja lake. Zitachitika izi kapitawo inanena kuti akupita kuthamangitsa chinsomba woyera malinga ngati nyama yake siziwoneka pa chombo.

Atamva zimenezi, Starbuck, mwamuna ndi mkazi woyamba, woyendetsa anakana. Iye ananena kuti si nzeru kubwezera osaganiza nyota za ntchito imene anachita ku kumvera Mwachibadwa akhungu. Komanso izi pali mwano. Koma kapitawo, ndiyeno gulu lonse wayamba kuona maonekedwe a woyera chinsomba chimake cha zoipa konsekonse. Iwo kutumiza matemberero chinsomba umuna ndi kumwa imfa yake. Mmodzi kanyumba mnyamata Pip Negro, tipemphere kwa Mulungu, kupempha kuti atiteteze kwa anthu awa.

chizunzo

A chidule cha ntchito za "buku la Moby Dick kapena The Whale White" limafotokoza nkhani ya momwe "Pequod" koyamba zinsomba umuna. Madzi kuyambira mabwato kuchepetsa, ndipo pakadali pano pali anthu ambiri chachinsinsi mdima mizukwa - gulu lenileni la Ahabu, alemba ntchito ku South Asia. Mpaka pa nsonga iyi Ahabu n'kuwabisa kwa aliyense, kulemberana Gwirani. Mipando zachilendo oyendetsa yolakwika wooneka wazaka zapakati munthu dzina lake Fedalla.

Ngakhale kuti kapitawo cabe buku la Moby Dick, izo sizingakhoze kwathunthu kusiya kusakasaka zinsomba ena. Choncho, ngalawayo zonse kusaka, ndi mbiya wodzazidwa ndi spermaceti. Pamene "Pequod" amapezeka ndi ziwiya zina, mkulu woyamba wa zonse akufunsa ngati amalinyero anaona chinsomba woyera. Nthawi zambiri poyankha kumva nkhani za mmene buku la Moby Dick kapena kupunduka aliyense timu.

Imvani latsopano mantha wonena: misala yapamadzi ndi kachilombo chotengera mliri akuchenjeza timu ya tsogolo onyoza amene angayerekeze kuti agwirizane nkhondo ndi chimake cha mkwiyo wa Mulungu.

Tsiku lina tsoka akubweretsa "Pequod" ndi chotengera china, amene mkulu harpooned buku la Moby Dick, koma zotsatira zake zinali kwambiri molasidwa ndipo anataya mkono. Ahabu anauza munthuyo. Iwo likukhalira kuti alibe cholinga kubwezera chinsomba. Komabe, Iye anati ndondomeko kumene sitimayo inawombana ndi chinsomba.

Starbuck amayesetsa kachiwiri kuchenjeza kapitawo, koma onse pachabe. Ahabu limatiuza akupeka harpoon wa zitsulo chovuta kuti ali pa chotengeracho. Ndipo othetsa chida yoopsa ndi mwazi wa harpooners atatu.

ulosi

Koposa kwa kapitawo ndi gulu lake anakhala chizindikiro cha zoipa buku la Moby Dick (buku la Moby Dick). Kufotokoza mwa chidule tikunena zochitika zomwe zimachitika ndi Queequeg, Isimaeli bwenzi. Harpoon matenda a mwakhama yonyowa pokonza ndipo amamva imfa ya msanga. Iye anafunsa Isimaeli kuti iye bwato maliro pamene thupi lake kuti kusambira kudutsa mafunde. Pamene Queequeg ali peza kuti, bwato kusankha remake moyo buoy.

Usiku Fedalla imatiuza Captain ulosi zoopsa. Musanayambe kufa, Ahabu anaona hearse awiri: mmodzi - anapanga dzanja zoposa, wachiwiri - kuchokera matabwa American. mkulu A angachititse imfa hemp. Koma kale kuti ayenera kufa Fedalla. Ahabu sakhulupirira - atakalamba kwambiri pa zokoloweka lapansi.

chiyerekezo

Koposa umboni kuti chombo likuyandikira malo buku la Moby Dick moyo. Chidule ndi mutu limafotokoza namondwe woopsa. Starbuck amaonetsetsa kuti wolamulira Kodi sitimayo ku imfa, koma kodi mumayenda kupha Ahabu, kukhulupirirana tsoka.

Mkuntho chombo likumanenso wina chombo - "Rachel". Woyendetsa wamuuza kuti kuthamangitsa buku la Moby Dick kale, ndipo anamupempha kuti athandize Ahabu pofunafuna mwana wake wazaka 12 zakubadwa, amene anali kutengeka ndi opha anangumi a. Komabe, woyendetsa "Pequod" akukana.

Pomaliza, mu mtunda chikuoneka pa hump woyera. masiku atatu akuchita bwato chinsomba. Ndipo "Pequod" overtakes iye. Koma buku la Moby Dick yomweyo akuukira ndi kulumidwa ndi mkulu opha anangumi awiri. Movutikira kuti wamaliza kupulumutsa. Woyendetsa ndi kukonzeka kusakasaka, koma zida kale kwenda kuwachokera.

Ndi mmawa wa linunda umuna andipeze kachiwiri. Buku la Moby Dick imaphwanya awiri zambiri opha anangumi. Wamira oyendetsa kubwera pa bolodi, zimaonekeratu kuti akusowa Fedalla. Ahabu anayamba kuopa, anakumbukira ulosi, koma kusiya loya sindingakhoze.

Tsiku lachitatu

Likuitanirabe kwa mkulu wa buku la Moby Dick. Chidule cha mitu yonse akupereka chithunzi malodza wachisoni, koma Ahabu limakonda chilakolako chake. Keith kachiwiri wawononga whaleboats angapo ndipo ayesera kuthawa koma Ahabu pa bwato limodzi chimandipweteka iye. Ndiye umuna chinsomba akutembenukira ndi nkhosa zamphongo "Pequod". chombo wayamba kupita pansi. Ahabu chitaya otsiriza harpoon anavulazidwa chinsomba zikuchepa kutali kwa kuya ndi kumenya akumukonda mu mkulu hemp chingwe. ngalawa ija nyuzi, komanso imakoka ndi opha anangumi otsiriza, kumene Isimaeli.

zotsatira

Ismayeli Only anasiya moyo wa gulu lonse la chombo Melville. Buku la Moby Dick (mwachidule kutsimikizira izo), atavulazidwa koma amoyo mu nyanja kwambiri.

The mbali yaikulu mozizwitsa kupulumuka. Chinthu chokha chimene anakhalabe chombo - wokhumudwa komanso tarred bokosi mnzake. Tsiku ichi pomanga ngwazi ukugwira pa nyanja, mpaka anapeza amalinyero kuchokera m`chombo "Rachel." Mkulu woyendetsa sitima uyu anali akadali poganiza kuti mwana wake amene anasowa.