"Ikani": Ndondomeko Mwachidule, ndi zilembo zazikulu

Imodzi mwa ntchito wotchuka mabuku akale ndi "Lay", dongosolo ndi nkhani imene tikambirana chiyani m'nkhani ino.

Ndale za nthano amunamuna

Tinachita "Ikani" limanena pamene Kievan Lazaro watwya mphamvu zake ndi kumira mu ndewu. Kugawikana a boma ndi udani pakati pa akalonga (zonse - chifukwa cha guwa lansembe mkulu) anali wodzilemekeza ndi chinthu china - Polovtsian nkhondo ya m'dziko lawo. Oyendayenda talandidwa ndi kuphedwa, adatulutsa akaidi komwe kukakamiza ntchito mwakhama kwa zaka.

Only khama anzake a akalonga Russian akhoza chotheka pofuna kusangalatsa steppe. Ndipo panalibe kampeni bwino, amene kubwerera kunyumba ya anthu kuvutika pansi goli. Komabe, Novgorod-Seversky Prince anasankha okha kupanga ulendo zochuluka kutchuka ndi kupanga. "Lay", umene kutumikiridwa patsogolo pang'ono, akunena za dongosolo chochitika, imene inatha zoipa kwambiri. Igor akumugwira limodzi ndi mwana wake ndi olemekezeka, kumuwombera wake kwakukulukulu anawonongeka mu nkhondo, ndipo opulumuka - nayenso anakhala kapolo.

Kudzera mwa akalonga onse a Russia ati dipo ndithu kupulumutsa msuweni. Komabe, Igor amalowerera kuthawa - osati popanda thandizo la Polovtsy Ovlur, amene mayi ake anali Russian. Komabe, ndalama zochokera zinali zokwanira kubwerera kunyumba lililonse retainer Prince amene ankachita nawo ndawala analephera.

"Ikani": Plan

The ntchito, zomwe watsikira akale okha retelling ndipo makope, kuipidwa kwambiri ndi osiyanasiyana. Amakhala ndi magawo angapo amene, monga chithunzi, kulenga chithunzi umodzi - ndi moyo ndi mavuto a Russia m'nthawi akhumi. Ali:

• Kulowa zimene wolemba limafotokoza nkhani ya oimba lalikulu la masiku amakedzana - Boyana, mayiko a Yairo ndi anthu awo, akalonga ndi yokopa awo. Apa amatchulidwa (ndi retold) nthano wowerengeka za ntchito zozizwitsa za olamulira a milungu yachikunja.
• kampeni Igor a. gawo limeneli limafotokoza za msonkhano wathuwu kwambiri, yomwe inayamba kadamsana dzuwa. Koma ngakhale chizindikiro zoipa, ulendo wayamba kuchita, ngati asilikali wabwino sizinatheke. Iwo anali wopambana ndi kulanda zofunkha ndithu. Komabe, m'malo yomweyo kunyumba, vigilantes Russian kukonza phwando. Iwo afotokozerane ndi mphamvu yaikulu Polovtsy ndi chifundo kuphedwa, osonyeza amene n'zotheka kupeza dipo.
• Golden mawu Svyatoslav. Mbali imeneyi ya nkhani yakuti uthenga woipa posachedwapa kufika Kiev. Great Prince Svyatoslav chisoni, n'zosadabwitsa anaoneratu mavuto ndi maloto oipa. Koma apa wolemba ananena za chigonjetso chachikulu wa mkulu wa Kiev mu kampeni posachedwapa Polovtsy (sanali nawo Novgorod-Severtsev). Iye akuchonderera thandizo atathawa wachibale.
• Ndikaonekere kwa kalonga. Si bwino ngati kuitana mokhudza adawomba pa milomo ya Prince Svyatoslav ndi wolemba anafotokoza maganizo ake. Komano "Mawu ..." izo zikumveka kulankhula limene lidaperekedwa lingaliro la yogwirizanitsa. wolemba limatchula olamulira onse lalikulu la dziko Russian, wamphamvu wa akalonga ndi ana awo. Iye akufunsa kuti asiye infighting ndi kubwezera kugonjetsedwa kwa Igor.
• Yaroslavna wa maliro. Awa ndi chikondi nawo ntchito, pamene mbali yaikulu amachita monga mkazi wa Igor - Yaroslavna. "The nthano ya Misonkhano Igor ndi" kukoka zake mu chikondi ndi mkazi, uthenga wa kugonjetsedwa kwake ndi kuulanda amaona ngati tsoka ndi. M'mawa uliwonse pa mzinda iye akulira, apemphe kwa mphepo, dzuwa ndi mtsinje Dnepr, kuwadzudzula kulephera. Iye ali wokonzeka kuuluka mbalame mabala pa thupi la mwamuna wake.
• Igor kuthawa ukapolo. Popeza Prince amadziwa kuti dipo lalikulu, woikidwa pa mutu wake ndi mwana mutu wake, kwambiri kupeputsa udindo ndalama Russia, Igor angalimbe mtima kuthawa. wolemba zikuwoneka kuthamanga pamodzi naye, atagwira chisangalalo cha mumtima. Prince kuthandiza osati abwenzi, komanso nyenyezi. Polovtsy awathamangitse m'mbuyo, koma obisalira kusamalira kuti athawe ndi atenge dzikolo kwawo.

Major Russian epic otchulidwa

zithunzi chidwi kwambiri anapereka ntchito imeneyi. "Ikani" amatanthauza Prince Igor, mkulu wa Novgorod-Seversky, ndi mkazi wake wokhulupirika Yaroslavna. Awa ndi zilembo zazikulu. Prince - kumayambiriro a munthu wonyada ndi aliuma amene amatha khalidwe maganizo, osati ndinaganiza kuti mapeto. Pa mankhwala mapeto Zikuoneka ngati atalapa wolamulira wanzeru ndi amene anazindikira kulakwa ndipo ndi wokonzeka muzilipulumutsa. Iwo amamasula omenyana onse ku ukapolo, wofatsa ndi akalonga ena, ndipo muziwathokoza thandizo lawo. Yaroslavna - wodekha ndi wachikondi, maganizo awo angapulumutse mwamuna wake, iye akufuna naye ndi okuthandizani mphamvu zonse za chilengedwe.

Prince Svyatoslav zikuoneka ngati wolamulira wanzeru wa dziko Russian, ndi atate wophiphiritsa wa akalonga ndi maukulu. Osati kanthu kuchokera mkamwa mwake zikumveka ndi yokhudza kucheza ndi chithandizo mangawawo. Bojan - munthu amene ngakhale anali kuchotsedwa zochitika, koma luso ake anapatsidwa pamwambawa, cholinga ndi kuthandiza. Zilibe kanthu kuti woimba wautali akufa, yokumbukira amakhala mu mitima ya anthu.

Features wa mankhwala

"Lay", lomwe liri dongosolo apamwamba amene ali zingapo zochititsa. Izi si amunamuna ndakatulo, ndi mofananira kuti "Iliad" ndi "Odyssey" wa Homer. Izi ndi epic woona, olengedwa mwa miyambo yabwino ya Ages Middle. Iwo kusiyana ndi chinenero yapadera, malankhulidwe, odzaza ndi kunyada kunkhondo zapitazi. Koma pakati pa mizere ya chisoni anamva, monga wolemba akuona ngati olamulira nkhondo akuwononga mphamvu kamodzi kwambiri. Iye ali chidwi diso kwa vuto lalikulu la Russia - chosowa mgwirizano pakati pa akalonga, amene sangathe andigawireko cholowa ndipo amafunitsitsa kuthetsa pampando wachifumu wa Kiev.

Koma osati zinalephereka kampeni anati "Ikani." Kaperekedwe lililonse kalonga limachititsa kuti abwezeretse chithunzi mbiri ya anthu olamulira, kuti revitalize zolinga zawo ndi ziyembekezo. Iwo anachita nobly, ngakhale kuti kazembe wa Novgorod-Seversky ukulu anachita opanda nzeru kwambiri. Pamodzi akulera ndalama zogulira kumbuyo ukapolo wa Igor ndi retainers wake, mwachisangalaro moni mkulu ukapolo. Koma phunziro la mbiri aiwala, akulepherabe ndi saletsa.

Mythology ndi luso maluso

ntchito ladzaza amajambulapo maluwa okongola Asilavo wowerengeka, mawu a ndakatulo, nthano ngwazi yadzaoneni. Tikumbukenso kuti "Mawu ..." ntchito, ndi nthano zakale. wolemba akuitana akalonga adzukulu Dazhdbog, Bojana - mbadwa ya Veles, mphepo amatchedwa ana a Stribog. Zimatchulidwa anapanga zolengedwa monga Karna ndi Zhel, zofanana ndi chisoni ndi kukhumba, amatchedwa kwambiri mulungu Hatchi. Izo si bwino amene Troyan - kaya ndi mfumu ya Aroma, kaya ndi lonjezo m'mizinda Greek, kusunga kuzinga zaka khumi, kaya ndi milungu lowoneka wa Asilavo. Ichi chimapereka chifukwa chokhulupirira kuti ngakhale kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chiwiri, pamene panalembedwa, "Mawu ...," anthu adakali sitinaiwale milungu yawo yachikunja, nampembedza iwo pa ndime ndi Mulungu Mkhristu.

Mlembi ndi ndani?

The ntchito yaikulu ya "Ikani". Mlembi wake ankadziwa ubale akalonga, moyo mkati Russia. Koma limafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane maulendo, ayendetsa kuti Igor wapanga pa nkhondo. Iwo amapereka ufulu kuganiza kuti nawo nkhondo anali druzhina kapena pafupi ndi kazembe. N'zoona basi kutchula dzina la munthu uyu si zotheka lero.

Mabaibulo ndi nkhambakamwa

Zina zachidule wa dziko lakwawo (Kiev, m'chigawo cha ku Seversky Donets ndi Uda) ali odzaza "Ikani". wolemba anadutsa mwina kwambiri kwa Russia, kotero amadziwa m'dera bwino. Akatswiri ena amaganiza kuti ntchito lolembedwa Kirill Turovsky, Prince Igor yekha, Vladimir Wamkulu, kapena mwana wamkazi wa Svyatoslav Vselodovicha Boleslav. Pali lomwe ntchito imene watsikira m'mbiri, Petulo analemba Boyar Borislavovich ku Kiev, amene amatchulidwa mu mndandanda Ipatiev. Koma ena a mbiri yakale amakhulupirira kuti ntchito zovuta ali olemba angapo, osati munthu. Pali anthu asayansi amene amakhulupirira "Mawu ..." khalidwe yabodza, osati kwenikweni Nkhani makamaka chifukwa choyambirira siinafike nthawi yathu. Mulimonse mmene zinakhalira, ndakatulo Mlengi anachita ntchito zazikulu, imene masamba palibe aliyense osayanjanitsika.

m'malo epilogue ndi

mankhwala ayenera kuwerenga ndi munthu aliyense - zonse, m'chinenero choyambirira.