Intermediaries - Ndani ameneyu? Ogulitsanso. intermediaries ndalama

Mawu "mkhalapakati" anaonekera kumbuyo kwa nzika wamba m'malo posachedwapa - ngakhale mu nthawi ndi pafupi Soviet, anthu ndi mtundu umenewu pafupifupi kwina. M'pomveka - chuma zinakonzedwa, ndipo palibe amene amandikonda za mphamvu ya malonda. Koma masiku ano, tikukhala mu bizinesi ndi intermediaries malonda zifukwa zingapo kumathandiza pafupifupi sitima ya chuma.

Iwowo ndi kuchuluka kwawo

Pali kutanthauzira zingapo "mkhalapakati" mawu akuti. Choyamba chikukhudza ndondomeko zokhudzana ndi kufalitsa katundu ndi makonzedwe a misonkhano. Nthawi zambiri, pakati pa Mlengi wa mankhwala kapena phindu anawonjezera athandizi ndi mapeto wosuta ali wosanjikiza ena zisudzo. Iwo ali intermediaries. Kutanthauzira chachiwiri akuti - ndi munthu kuthandiza kukhazikitsa limasonyeza pakati pa mabungwe osiyanasiyana malonda (sikuti sewerolo ndi ogula), counterparties. Lang'anani, intermediaries a mitundu yonse akugwirizana ndi chuma - iwo chifukwa ena amadziwika kuti pa nthawi ina pali Mlengi wa katundu, ndi ena ndi (kukhale) wogula, amafunitsitsa kugula mankhwala.

Motero, munthu amachita "wochititsa" katundu pakati pa fakitale ndi ogula. Intermediaries - anthu amene angachichite osati malonda ntchito, komanso ena Mwachitsanzo, kupereka makasitomala ndi ntchito zina, mlingo umene kwa zifukwa zina palibe kwa Mlengi. Pulayimale - kukumana wogula ndi mwaulemu kulankhula naye, kufotokoza phindu la mankhwala. Owayimira pa msika, ku bizinesi - zilibe speculators: iwo okha lembani zinthu kagawo kakang'ono awo (malonda ndi utumiki) pakati sewerolo ndi wogula katundu. Kugwira ntchito ndi iwo n'kopindulitsa zifukwa zoonekeratu - Munthu ntchito kwa anthu ndi ndi chidwi kugulitsa ngati kuli kotheka.

Oimira ntchito malonda

Pali osiyana gulu - Ogulitsanso, ngakhale kuti pafupifupi lonse zosiyanasiyana za mabungwe a anthu a mbiri ngati mulimonse lolunjika padziko malonda. A muyezo kwambiri kwa liwulo malangizo a ntchito yawo - ndi kupezeka kwa mankhwala kapena utumiki ndi anaika (anawonjezera) phindu. Awa owayimira amasiyana, nkuti, osinthitsa ndalama amene ntchito ndi "pafupifupi" ndalama pa mitengo kapena zipangizo, popangidwa ndi Polankhula. Ntchito yaikulu, yomwe ikuchitika Ogulitsanso, - kulumikizana pakati pa Mlengi mankhwala ndi wogula.

anthu awa kupeza m'njira ziwiri - agule katundu wolemera amene ali mtengo, kenako retailing, umene uli kwambiri zodula kapena kulandira ntchito kwa kukhazikitsa mankhwala. Kodi mwina zitsanzo za mitundu zenizeni za kudzinenera zokhudzana yogawa malonda? Choyamba, izo osinthitsa (malonda a katundu ndi ntchito pa ntchito zomwe kawirikawiri anapereka kwa pasadakhale). gulu la intermediaries ndi Ogulitsa ndi Kutsatsa Nyumba, ndalama ndi mapulani mosasamala chimene iye amagulitsa nyumba - nyumba yatsopano, kapena "yachiwiri". Intermediaries mu malo - oimira ya m'modzi wa ntchito ambiri mu chuma msika. Chachiwiri, kuti Ogulitsanso ndi ogulitsa (kugulitsa katundu ku kampani bongo ndi kupeza mtengo kusiyana). Kachitatu, izo akuyenda ogulitsa (konsekonse ogulitsa amene lengezani ndi kugulitsa katundu kupeza chifukwa zosiyanasiyana ziwembu, monga ulamuliro, nthawi zonse ndi malo). Chachinayi, ndi bongo (zambiri resell kukopedwa pa mtengo Kuchotsera mwachindunji kwa wogulitsa kapena wopanga katundu).

mu intermediaries zachuma

Kamodzi kuchititsa ntchito zina ndi ndalama, koma kugula iwo ku zinthu zina, panalibe wapadera - ndalama unali wolunjika (zambiri womangidwa kwa mtengo wa golidi) mtengo. Tsopano ndalama umayenda - munda wonsewo chifukwa chabe. Awa intermediaries ndalama. The yogwira kwambiri ntchito yawo ndi m'munda wa ndalama. Ntchito zothandiza kwambiri intermediaries ndalama pano - chiopsezo ziyenera a ndalama ku polojekiti. The Investor Choncho watikhulupilira kutaya tsogolo ndalama zake likulu ntchito mwachindunji, koma kwa munthu wina amene amatha kuona mmene yopindulitsa adzakhala ntchito, kodi akuyembekezera, makamaka ndalama. Owayimira kutenga udindo wa nkhaniyi, zochita za kumene ndalama adzakhala padera.

Chophweka njira kumvetsa dera lino za mabungwe yeniyeni. Choyamba, ndi matrasti: iwo ndalama kasitomala, kusankha mmene phindu aganyali mu m'matangadza, chuma kapena mwina apeleka ngongole. Kachiwiri, ndi mabungwe ngongole - kukhala ndalama zilipo adalowa iwo monga anthu, iwo akuyesera kuti phindu kutaya iwo. Kachitatu, izo akhoza zimachitika intermediaries chuma ndi mabanki ndi (mu nkhani ya madipoziti). Chachinayi, ndi kampani ya inshuwalansi kuti alandira ndalama makasitomala ntchito mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana ndalama. Chachisanu, ndi penshioni ndalama, amene amapanga nzika njira apereke mgwirizanowo, mu payout opindulitsa pamene munthu wina liyense ntchito yake. Kodi intermediaries ndalama? Awa ndi magulu amene amakhazikika mu ntchito ndi utuluke ndalama kuti chingabwere m'njira zosiyanasiyana, koma zili akhala pafupifupi chimodzimodzi milandu onse.

Intermediaries mu malonda mbali

Market - chodabwitsa Mipikisano mlingo. Mlengi kuti kugulitsa mankhwala anu, ayenera choyamba, kuti dziŵani makasitomala ndi mfundo za zotsatira, ndipo kachiwiri, kupulumutsa katundu kuti ogula komaliza. Ngati kunyumba ndi kosatheka kuti, mukhoza kupeza thandizo kwa intermediaries malonda. Pali mitundu ingapo ya nkhani ntchito ngati zimenezi. Mwachitsanzo, kampani uyu logistic thandizo la katundu, Makampani okhazikika mu malo osungira chakudya kuonetsetsa chitetezo cha mankhwala. Nthawi zambiri iwo kufika mwa alimi amene alibe chuma mkati kuti zomangamanga otchulidwa ntchito kapena akusowa ndalama kwa cholinga ichi.

gulu lina la intermediaries malonda - obwereketsa (kapena ndalama) amene amatha bizinesi ntchito likulu kumanga zomangamanga zofunika kapena kuwonjezera ndodo pantchito. Kuwonjezera ndalamawo, wamalonda angatanthauze kampani ya inshuwalansi zopereka njira chitetezo entrepreneurial kapena mavuto malonda. gulu lina la intermediaries malonda - ndi Makampani ndi amalonda, kuthandiza opanga kuphunzira msika bwino lengezani mankhwala yosanthula atawalamula ndipo ngati n'koyenera, kusintha ndondomeko kupanga.

The owayimira mu gawo utumiki

Services amadziwika kuti zingapo zochititsa, chimasiyanitsa iwo kuchokera katundu - intangibility ichi, nesokhranyaemost, ndi limodzi pa makonzedwe a gwero lake, komanso mkulu osakhalitsa (osakhalitsa) Khalidwe. Chifukwa makhalidwe awa a udindo wa intermediaries mu gawo utumiki amakhala ochepa. Popeza ntchito ndi chosaoneka ndi maso, kasitomala, popanda kudziyesa nokha, simungathe kudziwa katundu wawo weniweni, mlingo utumiki ku kampani inayake. Intermediaries mukhoza, chabwino, zokongola kufotokoza gwero la makonzedwe a misonkhano, koma yonena za zimenezi kuti nthawi yapamwamba. Kasitomala zambiri kupeza zambiri ndithu umboni wa mnzake, osati munthu samveka, ngakhale wokamba ndi wokongola kwambiri. Komabe, kuyimira msika ku tchalitchiko, ndipo pali Makampani kuti amakhazikika mu zinthu zimenezi. dzina lawo wamba - "utumiki franchisor" kapena "ntchito m'khalapakati".

Iwo amalowa mu mgwirizano ndi gwero la utumiki ndi tilandira kwa Iye, "chilolezo" - ufulu yekha potipatsa ntchito pansi pa chizindikiro kumuteteza luso chizindikiro. Eni ake mtunduwu amasonyeza mfundo zimene ziyenera mwa ntchito zake. Ngati aganiza kuti penapake pali olimba kapena wazamalonda, kupezera utumiki umene umakumana zofunika, kuti tilowe mu mgwirizano naye chilolezo ndi anapidziwadi kuti kasitomala apeza za chimodzimodzi anabwera mu "mutu" kapangidwe.

dera ritelo

Pali subspecies wa Ogulitsanso, lotchedwa "ritelo". Iwo kugula katundu kuchokera Mlengi kapena wogulitsa, kuti ndiye kugulitsa pa phindu kwa wosuta mapeto. osinthitsa CIMODZI CIMODZI ntchito pa mbali mapeto a ngalande kugawa. Ali ndi ntchito zofunika zochepa. Choyamba, ndi kusankha mizere mankhwala. Akatswiri a kampani, ndi chinkhoswe mu pokambiranapo ritelo kuchifotokoza magulidwe akatundu, kusankha bwino pa maganizo awo opanga chitsanzo malonda kupanga Catalogs mankhwala. Kachiwiri, ndi malonda ndipo mudziwe ntchito - dongosolo ndi mayikidwe a kumenya malonda mu media, TV, Internet, kukhoma katundu pachionetsero, yosindikiza timabuku makampani ndi chilengedwe cha zina zokhudza mankhwala. Chachitatu, ndi mayikidwe ndi kusunga katundu malo, mawonekedwe awo pa kauntala, kutsatira kutsitsimuka ndi maonekedwe. Chachinayi, thandizo njira zamakono wotuluka ndi makasitomala - Kupeza, misonkhano kasamalidwe ndalama, kulandira ndalama, kuwombola ndi kubweranso kwa katundu. Izi iwonso monga ngongole mfundo kuchotsera. Chachisanu, kupereka zosiyanasiyana ntchito kasitomala - yobereka, ntchito nkhambakamwa, ndimachititsa ntchito chikhalidwe zogwirizana.

intermediaries mmene kukumana

Mbali yofunika kwambiri ya Mlengi mankhwala mu msika - ndi mmene kukumana. Pansi limeneli, palinso nkhoswe. Iwo agawidwa m'magulu zitatu zikuluzikulu - 3PL-wosamalira, 4PL-wosamalira ndi yopapatiza mbiri ya kampani. Mmene kukumana intermediaries kuti anatuluka chilakolako cha alimi kuganizira atsogolere zilipo chuma panopa mu akamagwiritsa ntchito lokhazikika. Choncho, kupirira mavuto kwa yobereka katundu ndi kufufuza mlandu mafakitale ayamba kuchita malonda lachitatu chipani ( "kupeza ntchito zina kunja" mtundu). Waung'ono mbiri ya kampani, zokhudza intermediaries mmene kukumana - ndi katundu forwarders, ntchito ya malo katundu ndi malo, makampani zoyendera. Aliyense wa iwo ali wokonzeka kulandira mbali ya "kupeza ntchito zina kunja" ntchito sewerolo. 3PL (wachitatu logictics phwando) - makampani amene amatha mmene kukumana ntchito mabuku. Iwo amachita zosiyanasiyana ntchito, koma onsewa - ndi intermediaries. Kodi mabungwe amene mwamphamvu Integrated mu lachitsanzo ntchito mankhwala a opanga galimotoyo. Mapangano amene anapangana pakati pa fakitale ndi mabungwe monga ulamuliro, nthawi yaitali, ubale - kukhulupirirana. Nthawi zina 3PL-wosamalira kuganiza maudindo a udindo (amene ali osowa kuti "kupeza ntchito zina kunja" ntchito msika). Palinso 4PL-wosamalira - izi ndi makampani kuti apereke zosiyanasiyana zambiri zokhudza misonkhano, mtundu wa "miyeso yolinganizira" angapatse ntchito m'khalapakati m'munda wa mmene kukumana.

Kupereka chithandizo pa Intaneti

Mkubwela kwa malonda online, mtundu watsopano wa intermediaries. Iye alibe tanthauzo lomveka bwino, tiyeni kuwatcha "Internet intermediaries". Awa ndi anthu amene kupereka kayendedwe ka katundu kwa wogulitsa kapena wopanga kwa wogula, pogwiritsa ntchito njira Internet. Childs, izi anthu malamulo kapena zachilengedwe amene kuthandiza kusankha mankhwala (monga njira - lomasuliridwa kufotokoza mu chinenero cha wogula), kudziletsa pa yobereka, ndi kupereka kuwombola kapena obwezeredwa njira. owayimira ndi olumikizidwa kwa malonda pa Intaneti zotsatirazi milandu ikuluikulu. Choyamba, ngati sitolo Intaneti sangatengere maphukusi dziko limene wogula ili. Kachiwiri, mkhalapakati zingathandize kupulumutsa chuma mofulumira kwambiri azitentha wogulitsa monga mbali ya chiwembu muyezo. Kachitatu, thandizo la lachitatu maphwando ukafunidwe kwa wogula, ngati apanga kugula pa sitolo osiyana, ndi kuchuluka kwa yobereka ndi okwera kwambiri - muyenera munthu angathe "kusonkhanitsa" malo osiyana, ndi kuwatumiza ku mtengo wabwino pa adiresi imodzi. Chachinayi, mogwirizana kwa wogula ndi dziko la chiyambi cha chuma m'njira iliyonse asalankhule kapena zoletsedwa (mwachitsanzo, sitolo salandira makhadi kapena Russian alibe menyu mu Russian).

Kugwira ntchito ndi owayimira

The Russian chuma - akadali kusinthika, ndi miyezo potipatsa ntchito ambiri kusangalala. Choncho, ubale mabizinesi ndi intermediaries m'dziko lathu amakhala ndi zinthu zenizeni. mnyamata msika kuzichita zenizeni zake. Mbali yaikulu ya msika tsopano - izi ndi zimene owayimira Russian nthawizina timaganiza tactically - m'thumba kwa mgwirizano yapamwamba ndi ziwawa chidwi. Si kopindulitsa aliyense. Mlengi, pozindikira kuti overpaid, amasankha bwenzi wina ndi mapeto wosuta chifukwa mkulu kudya mkhalapakati Adzakakamizika kugula katundu mtengo.

M'mayiko otukuka, nkhani ndi zambiri zosiyana, more "njira" ndipo ali olandiridwa kwambiri mabungwe malonda. Owayimira sayembekezera izi ndipo wofuna phindu limodzi, koma kuyesa kumanga ubale yaitali ndi opanga katundu. Makamaka chifukwa chake mitengo m'masitolo European ndi American n'chozama kupitirira tili (pa fakitale mtengo mtengo kangachulukirepo). Market akatswiri amakhulupirira kuti Russia ali ndi chiyembekezo zabwino chitukuko cha msika wa bongo ovomerezeka Atapatsidwa kuti chomaliza mtengo ogula katundu analimbikitsa ndi Mlengi. Polimbikitsa intermediaries - kuchotsera pa chiphaso cha mankhwala (amene akhoza zochuluka, ngati malonda bwino).

American pokambiranapo kalembedwe ndi zenizeni Russian

USA, amene chuma lalikulu kwambiri, amaona ndi miyeso yolinganizira WOPEREKA intermediaries akatswiri. Kalembedwe khalidwe la bongo ndi American - ndi chidwi, "fairground". Ulaliki intermediaries makasitomala kupeza pathos mtundu, amalonjeza zambiri, "zonse mwakamodzi". njira izi ziri analimbikitsa mwakhama mabuku malonda ku mayunivesite American, ndipo posachedwapa - mu Russian. Kufikira tsopano, ogulitsa malonda ambiri m'dziko lathu amakhulupirira kuti thandizo la makhalidwe patsogolo kukambirana ndi owayimira American, ndi bwino mu dziko, monga mwa m'chimbulimbuli Russian akatswiri odziwa. M'mbali zambiri mfundo za chiyambi kunja amaonedwa yekha zolondola.

Koma digiri zimene kalembedwe mkhalapakati American n'zogwirizana ndi zenizeni Russian? Akatswiri akukhulupirira kuti ochepa. Russia apanga ngati asanazolowere seweroli, wowala malankhulidwe chikhulupiriro cha okamba, kuti intermediaries amene amagulitsa katundu mwachangu ndi mokakamiza. Choncho, pogwiritsa ntchito njira American, mkhalapakati, ntchito kutsogolera Russia, akanatha kulimbana osati kuthamangira kugulitsa katundu, ndi kukanidwa. Tikumbukenso kuti mu US makasitomala amasintha okha. Asamangochita zimene akufuna, tilinazo, m'chimbulimbuli, omasukirana American ogula kukhala m'mbuyomu.