Ivan Dmitriev, ndakatulo-fabulist ndi States

Ndi angati a ife lerolino amene Ivan Dmitriev? Nthawiyi, dzina la munthu ina odziwika bwino m'nthawi yake, chifukwa Ivan adalemekeza ngati zolembalemba ndi m'munda boma.

Taganizirani yonena za munthu mwatsatanetsatane.

Zaka ubwana ndi unyamata

Tsogolo Russian fabulist Ivan Dmitriev anabadwa mu September 1760 ku chuma cha bambo wake, lili m'chigawo Kazan. Mnyamatayo anali a Dmitriev wolemekezeka banja, amene anachokera kwa akalonga a Smolensk.

Ivan aphunzira bwino kunyumba, kenako anapitiriza maphunziro ake ku sukulu pawekha Simbirsk.

Tsogolo la banja mukopedwe wake chiwembu kutsogoleredwa ndi Pugachev, chimene chinapangitsa kuti makolo kusamukira ku likulu. Young Ivan analembedwa ndi Semenov Regiment, ndipo ngakhale Ivan Ivanovich Dmitriev kulibiretu maganizo usilikali, iye anamvera makolo ake ndipo anali msilikali.

Aphunzitsi a wolemba tsogolo

Great chisonkhezero chabwino pa chitukuko cha makhalidwe a wachinyamata anali uwiri Russian wolemba - awiri Nicholas kwambiri: Ni Novikov ndi N. M. Karamzin.

Iwo Novikov anakhala ndime yoyamba ya mnyamata Dmitrieva kusindikiza magazini awo, anasolola Zotengera lake, lomwe kenako unakula kukhala amakopeka ndi nthano.

N. Karamzin, kukhala wachibale Dmitriev, anayambitsa mnyamatayo ndi ntchito za Western chakale sentimentalism ndipo anamuthandiza kupeza malo ake mabuku Russian a nthawi. Magazini, yomwe imafalitsidwa Nikolai Mikhailovich, ndi ndakatulo linasindikizidwa Dmitrieva "moans nkhunda nkhunda." Ntchito imeneyi nalemekeza wamng'ono ndakatulo.

Wachitatu mphunzitsi Dmitrieva anali wotchuka Russian ndakatulo Derzhavin, amene pambuyo wodziwa ntchito za Ivan Ivanovich osati anamupatsa kwambiri uphungu, komanso kuti adziwane bwino ndi olemba anzawo.

Woyamba bwino zolembalemba

Ivan Ivanovich Dmitriev lofalitsidwa buku lake loyamba la ndakatulo mu 1795. Iye ananena kuti "Ndipo zokongoletsera wanga." Chotero dzina zachilendo anali kugwirizana ndi mbiri ya zikamera wa chopereka kuwala.

chakuti choyambirira Karamzin ndi Dmitriev kukonzekera kufalitsa chopereka anzake a ndakatulo, koma cholinga cha anali pazifukwa zina sanakhutire. Karamzin pamaso 1795 ndi lofalitsidwa chopereka kuti "opanda pake wanga", kenako lofalitsidwa bukhu ndi Dmitriev, amene analankhula brainchild wa N. M. Karamzina.

The peculiarity a zopereka awiriwa anali kugwiritsa ntchito malemba a kalata "E," chimene chinabadwa mwa ntchito Karamzin a.

utumiki wothandiza

Ivan Dmitriev akupitiriza kutumikira Lathu zaka za ulamuliro wa Catherine Wamkulu. Ngakhale zinthu zolembalemba chizolowezi anamuika m'tchalitchichi. Mu 1796 zimachitika kwa iye chochitika zosasangalatsa ndithu: pa chidzudzulo onyenga anamangidwa (aboma ankaganiza kuti Dmitriev akufuna kupha latsopano Mfumu Paulo Petrovich). Komabe, kazitape wabodza unali anatulukira, ndipo Mfumu Pavel Dmitriev amapatsa madalitso ake.

Amaikidwa kuti ofesi mkulu pagulu, Dmitriev kwenikweni kuyesera satumikira kwa malipiro aakulu, ndipo chikumbumtima. Komabe, sikutheka, ndipo mu 1799 anatula pansi.

The watsopano Mfumu Alexander Pavlovich adzaitana kale okalamba Dmitrieva kubwerera ku utumiki. Iye amatipatsa chilolezo.

Ivan Dmitriev anakhala aphungu, kenako membala wa bungwe State. Iye akutumikira zonse, kuyesera kuchita bwino. Komabe, zokhota ndi machenjerero a adani kuzunzidwa Dmitrieva. Ndatopa nawo, Ivan anatsanzika. Mfumu anati tiwonana kwa ndakatulo imene ankayembekezera kubweranso ake yothandiza anthu, koma sizinatheke.

Ivan Dmitriev: nthano zolembedwa zina

Mu mbiri ya mabuku Russian Ivan anabwera ngati wokhometsa a Russian nthano anamasulira ndi wolemba nthano. Kudziwika anam'bweretsera ndakatulo monga "Ermak", "Kwa Volga", "mlendo tanthauzo" ndi ena.

Mu ntchito zake, iye anali wokhoza kumasulira ndi chete lyricism andakatulo Karamzin, Derzhavin ndi chofunika, ndipo satirical Novikov.

Kuwonjezera ntchito zawo zolembalemba, Ivan nawo moyo wa Dzina ake - wotchuka fabulist Krylov chinamuthandiza kuti kusonyeza kuti nthano - ndi maitanidwe ake oona, ndipo anathandiza kudziwa wamng'ono kwambiri A. S. Pushkina Lyceum mu Tsarskoye Selo, zimene zathandiza m'njira zambiri chitukuko cha luso lalikulu Russian ndakatulo.

Ivan anafa pa chaka 77. moyo wake mu Moscow mu October 1837. Iye anaikidwa pa za Donskoy manda. manda ake ali ulipo mpaka lero.

Wambiri Ivana Dmitrieva - ndi chitsanzo cha moyo wa fuko lomveka Russian ndi wolemba. An moona mtima ndi mosakondera, amene anali wokhoza kuti akonze bwino ntchito zolembalemba, anali wophunzira wa wotchuka Russian ndakatulo, iye anatha kuthandiza novice olemba kulowa dziko olemera ndi Mipikisano faceted amatchedwa "Russian Literature". Choncho chitsanzo cha moyo wa munthu uyu ndi zothandiza kwambiri.