Kodi anayambitsa Mongol Ufumu

Mu XIII apaulendo zana kuchokera ku Central Asia ndi India anabweretsa uthenga kuti kum'mawa unapangidwa boma latsopano - ndi Mongol Ufumu, umene posachedwapa anabwera ndi malire Russian.

Masiku amenewo, malo ku China kwa nyanja kunkakhala anthu mafuko Mongolian. Chitata tikukhala mu malo omwewo, anali analumbira adani a ku Mongolia, koma iwo anali kubwera kwa mawu ndi chakuti Mongolia anawagonjetsa. Choncho, onse a fuko Ulaya ndi Russia anatchedwa mophweka Tartars.

Popeza theka lachiwiri la m'zaka XII ku Mongolia anayamba kufa asapita mafuko, ndi mkubwela kwa chuma payekha mabanja osiyana inakhazikitsidwa. Panthawiyo, Russia boma zapamwamba kuposa Mongolia, amene tikufunira.

Olemera pakati pa Mongolia ndi amene anakhala ndi ziweto zambiri ndi akavalo. Kuti tichite zimenezi, anafunika malo ambiri. Asilikaliwa anali atsogoleri awo, wotchedwa hanami. Pa khans anali wamng'ono noyons, amene anali atsogoleri a mafuko. Anatenga ng'ombe zawo ku dziko yabwino odyetserako. Khans ndi noyons anapitiriza kumenyana squads, wopangidwa mwa abusa amene anali chabe atsogoleri osauka. khans Large akanatha kusankha Alonda amene anali nukers.

Asilikaliwa pa nthawi imeneyo anayamba kutuluka asapita ang'onoang'ono kuti angatchedwe statehood. Cities Mongol Ufumu sanamange, ndi chuma merilos chiwerengero cha msipu ndi ziweto. Iye akhapidziwa kuti Mongolia - chitukuko m'mbuyo. Iwo anali anthu okonda nkhondo kwambiri. Pofuna analanda msipu watsopano, mosazengereza anawononganso iwo a msipu patsogolo.

Asilikaliwa anali kuika ana awo mu chishalo kuyambira ubwana, ndi aliyense wa iwo anali wokwera kwambiri ndi katswiri lasso, uta ndi mivi. akavalo awo anali shaggy, kungokhala pamodzimodzi, anali wamphamvu zodabwitsa.

Pafupi ndi XIII m'ma Mongol khans anayamba nkhondo Championship lapansi. Kuthana otayika kuponderezedwa, ndipo anakhala olamuliridwa ndi mphamvu Khan ndi kumenyana pa mbali yake. A recalcitrant akapolo. Mongol Ufumu unachitikira awo kukhala mafuko mosalekeza nkhondo, ndipo kenako - mabungwe awo. atsogoleri akadzikuza yekha internecine nkhondo, kuchita mosiyana m'masiku amenewo sankadziwa mmene.

Mu zaka zao za sikisite oyambirira a m'zaka XII Mongol mtsogoleri Yisugei asonkhane ambiri mafuko lamulo lake. mwana wake woyamba anali Temuchen, zomwe ife tonse tikudziwa kuti Genghis Khan. Patapita kanthawi Yisugei poizoni, ndipo gulu lake nathawa.

wamasiye kwa nthawi yaitali ankakhala umphawi mpaka kufikira Temuchen mwakula ndipo anasonkhana kumuwombera wake, amene wagonjetsa ndi Khans ena. Iye anakwanitsa subordinating mafuko angapo Mongol, kupambana yekha wachifumu "Hamag Mongol ulus," kutanthauza kuti onse asilikaliwa adamangidwa iye yekha basi. M'masiku amenewo anali mnyamata, wolimba, mosasamala komanso ankhanza wankhondo. Koma iye akanakhoza, pa zochitika zina, ndi kuti abwerere.

Iwo Temuchenom anali kusintha, imene dongosolo decimal wa gulu la asilikali polima. Iye analenga kusamala ndi mwayi waukuru kuti noyons ndi nokors, limene linatuluka kwa misonkho. Pa nthawi yomweyo, iye anagonjetsa za mafuko ena onsewo. anagonjetsa Last fuko anali wamkulu Chitata. Panthawi imeneyi, Mongolia m'dera wafika 22% ya m'dziko la Dziko lapansi. Mu zaka 1204-1205 Temuchena analengeza Genghis Khan - lalikulu khan. Ndi ku nthawi iyi Mongol Ufumu kolengedwa.