Kodi chikhalidwe? chikhalidwe mfundo. Chikhalidwe cha dzenje wakuda

Pakali pano, funso chomwe chikhalidwe, kusamala anthu okhawo chidwi sayansi, komanso asayansi yopambana. Mawu amenewa tinakumana mu masamu, sayansi ya zakuthambo, akatswiri ndi maphunziro ena a sayansi. kuwamasulira zimasiyanasiyana pang'ono, koma mfundo akanali yemweyo. Chifukwa ife tiri tsopano nayenso, tikambirana zimenezi chikhalidwe mfundo akusiyana ndi maganizo ndi kupeza chomwe ndi osangalatsa ofufuza ndi chodabwitsa mwachinsinsi.

Kutanthauzira chonse akuti

Tisanayambe wofufuza zinsinsi za chilengedwe chonse, tiyeni tione mbiri ya chilengedwe chonse. Baibulo bwino za nthawi panopa zosayembekezereka wa dziko ndi chiphunzitso cha Big Bang. Pa nthawi ya kubadwa kwa onse amene tikukhala, apo panali mmodzi yekha umodzi kufika chikhalidwe. miyeso yake si yeniyeni zikudziwika, koma kwa kumvetsa asayansi nthawi zambiri kuyerekezera ndi mtola. Sitiyenela kuganiza kuti mini-mpira anayimitsa mu dzanja lake. misa ndi wofanana ndi unyinji wa nyenyezi zonse ndi nyenyezi zimene zilipo lero mu chilengedwe ndi. Komanso, kutentha kwa nandolo basi ipitirirabe, ndipo mphamvu yake yokoka zinali kuposa mabowo wakuda tsopano alipo. M'mawu ena, mfundo ya chikhalidwe - gulu la danga nthawi, imene inali nkhani zonse zimene zili chilengedwe chathu.

Kodi anali ndi nthaŵi?

Muyenera ndithudi kutsindika kuti mawu akuti "nkhani" amatanthauza osati malo, wopangidwa mwa mabiliyoni mayunitsi zakuthambo, koma nthawi zonse nthawi. Inde, ine ndikulingalira n'zovuta, koma kumvetsa zimenezi chikhalidwe, m'pofunika kulingalira nthawi ngati gawo okhudza malo amene inu mukhoza kumayenda onse kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo. Zonse izi inextricably zogwirizana ndi kupindika danga, amene tikukambirana pansipa. Asayansi komanso sindikudziwa motalika bwanji ndi mfundo lapansi alipodi mtola izi. Ndi zodabwitsa kuti mu boma wothinikizidwa mu osawerengeka aliyense gawo ndi ziro. Kenako mfundo za chikhalidwe anayamba kukula, kutentha waponya izo, particles amawateteza mzake. Kuyambira pamene anasiyanitsidwa ndi miyezo ena ndipo anasiya kukhala unit okhudza malo. Chifukwa lero likhoza kupita patsogolo.

Zikhulupiriro Cosmological

Monga inu mukudziwa, sayansi ya ankaganizira wakhala kuphunzira zamoyo wa chilengedwe chonse. Ndiye taganizirani onse otchedwa nyengo anatsata Big Bang. Izo ndi molingana ndi mfundo imeneyi, asayansi hypothesized kuti chilengedwe anatuluka chikhalidwe ndi. Mu nthawi iyi ya masika ndi ayi. Kuchokera pa ichi, pali anafufuza awiri kwambiri ndithu Baibulo. Choyamba n'chakuti dziko lathuli malo amodzi. A kuphulika lalikulu zinachitika pa nthawi zina, pamene particles onse ali mu mkhalidwe chidule lopitirira, zikuchepa anakankhira padera. Komanso, chilengedwe chikhalidwe mpaka kuphulika yodziwika ndi pamaso pa nkhaniyi ndi antimatter. Masiku ano, asayansi sanapeze antiparticle umodzi. Baibulo chachiwiri zachokera Popeza kuti Big Bang - danga weniweni. Anapeza kuti nyenyezi mowirikiza kusunthira kutali Chrixitu Choncho, kukula kwa dziko ulipobe.

Chikhalidwe mu ankaganizira

Mu kasinthidwe kwa chilengedwe, monga zingaoneke, palibe malo Padziko Lapansi alipo mitunduyi thupi ndi malamulo. chodabwitsa ikusonyeza kuti ife chikhalidwe Cosmological. Kumene, mu kuchita, kupeza mkhalidwe pa nthawi ya kubadwa kwa dziko anakhalabe nkhaniyi, n'zosatheka, koma theoretically, asayansi anapeza malamulo paradoxical. The choyamba - kupindika kwa danga nthawi. Izi zikutanthauza kuti anagona lathyathyathya datum mzere kapena ngodya mu chikhalidwe n'zosatheka. Chachiwiri - izi, monga tanena kale, ndithu nthawi yosiyana. Pano mukhoza kupeza kuti mfundoyi mu imeneyi nthawi. The Cosmological chikhalidwe, malinga ndi asayansi, - mawu onena mfundo, ndilo lotchedwa Big Bang. Nthawi imeneyi, osalimba ndi kutentha kwa thunthu atayandikira wopandamalire. Pa nthawi yomweyo muyeso wa chisokonezo amamuchititsa ziro, kuchulukitsa awiri mayunitsi m'mbuyomu. Ku maganizo a kutentha Dziko Lapansi ndi osalimba a sayansi sangathe onse kukhala mu boma wosatha. Ndipo ichi ndi chimodzi chabe mwa paradoxes ambiri asayansi ndipo sangathe kumasulira.

Okalamba ndi chiphunzitso chatsopano

zaka zambiri zapitazo, Albert Einstein anapereka dziko wotchuka chiphunzitso cha relativity, lomwe limatchulidwa chiphunzitso yokoka. Zikomo kwa iye, ife tsopano kutifotokozera onse nthawi ndi malo zimene zatizungulira. Mogwirizana ndi chiphunzitso cha zinthu Sitingathe ndi chikhalidwe. Kuti, mu kuchita, chuma kapena nsalu mwina ndi osalimba misa kapena kutentha wofanana osawerengeka. Koma masamu ali ndi mbiri yakuti sayansi ongolankhula, chifukwa malo ndi ntchito wosatha mfundo. Yadzaoneni M'dera lina la chidziwitso ndi mzake, ife kutenga ziwerengero akhakula zimene zingachitike pa nthawi ya Big Bang. Ndi, monga tanenera kale, mfundo ndi zedi wopandamalire thupi. chodabwitsa Ichi chikudziwika ngati chikhalidwe thupi kapena dziko. Koma malamulo ake sali mwachinsinsi ndi chiphunzitso cha relativity. Kufotokoza zodabwitsazi akhoza chiphunzitso chatsopano cha kwadzidzidzi yokoka. Ndi nthambi ya sayansi zimene amaphunzira khalidwe la kuwala, katundu ndi tanthauzo m'chilengedwe chonse. Chiphunzitso yokha alibe kulibe, koma pali kuwerengetsera zina ndi maganizo, amene angakhale maziko.

Ife kuthetsa zinsinsi yokoka

Mu astrophysics, pali chinthu monga mathamangidwe kuthawa. Izo ntchito kudziwa mlingo wa mathamangitsidwe ndi zomwe chinthu enieni amene angalimbane ndi mphamvu yokoka. Mwachitsanzo, chida ndi misa kuyenera pa liwiro pafupifupi 12 km / m, kusiya m'mlengalenga. Koma ngati lathuli ndi awiri a makilomita 12.742, ndi centimeter wina, ndiye kugonjetsa munda yokoka ayenera kusuntha pa liwiro wamkulu kuposa kuwala kumayendera. Pankhaniyi, Dziko likanakhala okutidwa si bwino kuti ife mphamvu yokoka ndi Mphamvu chikhalidwe. Inde, mfundo imeneyi, chifukwa ngati lathuli ndi kutenga mbali awa, isanduke dzenje wakuda. Koma nkhani iyi limatithandiza kumvetsa kodi tanthauzo yokoka dziko lonse.

Kuchokera pa zimene zimadalira mphamvu yokoka?

Maatomu imakonzedwa kuyandikana wina ndi mzake, thunthu lolemererapo. Ngati molekyulu monga kucheza, ndi Kutentha ndondomeko chikuchitika Choncho, kutentha kwa thunthu limatuluka. Zinthu zakuthambo, njira zimenezi zikuchitika malire, chifukwa ife akhala anatulukira chilinganizo kulola kuwerengera khalidwe lililonse mchitidwe mankhwala. Ichi ndi chifukwa mphamvu yokoka Dziko Lapansi salola particles kufikako osachepera mtunda wina ndi ubwenzi yekha kuposa ndalama makamaka. Mu malo lotseguka, pamene pali bwinja lokhalokha pakati pa nyenyezi, malo makamaka yotsitsa, iwo akutchedwa kuyamwa. Palibe yokoka mfundo chifukwa pang'ono nkhaniyi mu chisokonezeko. Near zinthu wandiweyani kwambiri (chimphona nyenyezi buluu, quasars, ndi mabowo wakuda), mphamvu yokoka liukitsidwa kuti zosatheka kwa ife earthlings mfundo. particles ndiye ali pafupi wina ndi mnzake kupanga chinthu chimene chimatchedwa "Mphamvu chikhalidwe." Maziko omwewo, zomwe zimakhudza kupotozedwa danga ndi digiri ya kupindika.

Yokoka ndi khalidwe la zinthu

M'munda wa nkhani mmodzi si mawere ake. Pali amakopeka ndi dziko mphepo ndi tinthu tosaoneka. Koma munthu angathe theoretically mwaufulu kupita ku madera ameneŵa. Iwo zili quasars ndi mabowo wakuda, ndipo, tsoka, kwa zamoyo amapha mwa mawu a zamoyo. Kamodzi m'dera la asilikali mkulu osefukira, thupi amayamba kutambasula onse longitudinally ndi crosswise. Chifukwa, ndondomeko adzakhala yozungulira dera la anthu ndipo atembenuza izo. Theoretically, ngati maso adakali kuona ndi kupereka chizindikiro kwa ubongo, munthu nthawi yomweyo adzatha kusinkhasinkha zonse za thupi mbali yawo, kuphatikizapo nkhope, amene adzathamanga pamaso pake, kupyoza kuwala kumayendera. Zikuonekeratu kuti motere thupi kulibe, koma izi zokhudzana ndi Physics Earth. Komabe, chitsanzo zimatipatsa mpata kulingalira chomwe chikhalidwe kwa mfundo ndi maganizo awo. Zingakhale zosangalatsa amanena kuti ife monga nyama adzatha kutenga izi malamulo atsopano thupi ndipo tilipo mitundu, kulenga Zolengedwa zatsopano yekha.

kwa kanthawi

chakuti nthawi imeneyi, tikhoza kukangana muyaya. Masiku ano, kumatanthauza kukhala ndi ndondomeko kudutsa pa thupi, thupi ndi maganizo njira ya zamoyo ndi nkhani ya dziko lathu. Koma zimatha nthawi, mwayi wake zobisika sizinachitike kuphunzira. Timazindikira monga chinachake m'maganizo, ndipo n'zotheka mosamala younikira, pokumbukira zaka zapitazi. Yomwe tinali chaka choyamba cha moyo, gawo ili linali 100 peresenti kwa ife. Iye anali yekhayo amene tili, moyo ndi zinachitikira. Pa tsiku lachiwiri la kubadwa kwake kwa chaka chimodzi wakhala 50 peresenti, wachitatu - yekha wachitatu. Ndi zaka 80 chaka chimodzi ndakhala gawo 1/80 wa moyo ndipo palibe chimene kwenikweni amatanthauza. Izo zinachitika chifukwa onse tinaona anali watsopano kwa chaka choyamba. M'tsogolo, tabwera kudutsa koposa zinthu zodziwika ndi zochitika. Chifukwa izo zinkawoneka kuti ubwana kumatenga nthawi amazipanga yaitali, ndipo zaka zake okhwima kuwuluka yomweyo. Ichi ndi chitsanzo chabwino cha momwe munthu wina asokoneza maganizo pa nthawi. Kodi n'chiyani chidzachitikire, ngati ife tiyang'ana pa mawu ochokera mfundo zakuthambo bwanji?

pa chiyambi cha Time

Zinali MPATUKO laling'ono, limene wakonza kumvetsa zinthu zonse zimene ife tikuziwona. Kuti tinali m'ndende mu chimango cha sayansi Komanso, nzeru zawo, zimativuta kulingalira kuti dziko akhala ndi akhoza kukhala osiyana kwambiri. Tsopano, chikhalidwe cha nthawi anali pa udindo chomwecho mu ankaganizira, komanso chikhalidwe cha malo. Tsopano kuti kuthetsa imeneyi 1 kukafika pa liwiro la 5 Km / h pamafunika maola 0.2. Wopita ku Earth kuti Saturn, m'pofunika amathera zaka zingapo. Koma nanga bwanji nthawi imene mtunda onse kuti pali mu dziko, wofanana 1 centimeter? Yochulutsa magawo kotero zonyozeka pa kachulukidwe wopandamalire ndi misa, timachotsa danga nthawi kupindika. Izi zikutanthauza kuti pa nthawi imene thambo linali chimodzi, ungachitike zinthu zonse zimene ife tikuziwona tsopano. Events akhoza kukhala ali osokonezeka, amazipanga molakwika ndipo anayerekezera. Kunena mwachidule, aliyense zinthu zokhudzika akanakhoza kuyang'ana ngati m'mbuyomu a Dziko Lapansi kapena kudziko lina, ndipo patsogolo pake.

Technology ndi kulowa mu nyengo yatsopano

Palinso otchedwa chikhalidwe chiphunzitso kuti dziko lathuli posachedwapa lidzasanduka lalikulu zalero nzeru. Ofufuza pakati pa zaka za m'ma 21 adzakhala kompyuta amene mphamvu kuposa mphamvu ya ubongo. Amapanga nzeru, ndithudi, patsogolo pa zolengedwa zochepa otukuka. Pa nthawi imeneyi, padzakhala ndi chikhalidwe sayansi. Dzina limeneli linayamba kugwiritsidwa chifukwa inu konse chomwe tumphatumpha mwapang'onopang'ono munda wa sayansi ndipo itha Will anthu apulumuke.

wormholes

Chikhalidwe cha dzenje wakuda kumene, Ndipotu, chinthu ichi dziko - chimodzi chovuta kwambiri dziko. Wormhole palokha kwenikweni sichitsata ngati thanki ndi nyuzi ndi njira yotulukira yopapatiza, ndipo ngati dera anapanga ndi mphamvu chachikulu yokoka. About mabowo wakuda tanena pamwamba, akudzizindikiritsa iwo zinthu monga wakupha m'chilengedwe chonse. Mphamvu ya psinjika ndi amazipanga mkulu, chifukwa pa mwambo kaja ndi yokhota kumapeto malo ndi nthawi oyima. Chikhalidwe cha dzenje wakuda angafanane ndi chiphunzitso Big Bang. Si bwino kuphunzira, koma akukhulupirira kuti psinjika mphamvu mkati wormhole ali yemweyo monga pa nthawi ya kubadwa kwa dziko. N'chifukwa chake pali chiphunzitso kuti mabowo wakuda - ndi zamoyo wa universes latsopano kuti kulibe kufanana ndi athu.

Kugwiritsa ntchito chiphunzitso kufotokoza

Ambiri, chiphunzitso cha kufika poti silingakonzedwenso ndi wopandamalire kachulukidwe momveka bwino masewera "chikhalidwe". Ndime ya utumiki chifukwa kayendedwe nthawi ndi malo kumene mfundo ziwirizi muli yemweyo. Hero amasuntha pakati pa 1950 ndi 2010, malangizo zolakwa asayansi Soviet ndi kusunga lero akaidi akaidi pachilumbachi, wazunguliridwa ndi kuwala kwa magetsi. Ngati inu kumiza nokha mu dziko lino, ndiye inu mukhoza pang'onopang'ono kubvesa bwino nthawi mu gawo okhudza malo.

Polongosola mwachidule

Phunzirani zinsinsi zonse za chilengedwe, amene ikukhudzana bwanji ndi yokoka, chimathandiza ife kumvetsa zimene chiphunzitso cha relativity, tili zochepa kwambiri. Ndithudi, izi ndi zomwe anapezazo zosaneneka zinthu zakuthambo, koma ngati izo zifika kuphunzira malo ena, m'pofunika kukana olakwika onse. Mfundo yoteroyo monga "chikhalidwe" flips maganizo a phokoso, kuwala nyemba nthawi kupindika malo ndi nthawi. Koma anapezeka mpaka yekha mu chiphunzitso masamu, komabe thupi sapeza malongosoledwe. chikhalidwe cha dzenje wakuda tsopano kwambiri bwino ankafufuza, koma akukhulupirira kuti malowa ngakhale ndi wothinikizidwa kuti osawerengeka, si mfundo yaikulu ya chilengedwe kugwa.