Staroslavyanizmy: makhalidwe ndi ntchito Russian zamakono

Ngakhale kuti staroslavyanizmy anaphunzira ku sukulu, kawirikawiri maphunziro kumbukirani tanthauzo la mawu amenewa. Kodi kunena za anthu okalamba, sukulu imene inali utsalira.

staroslavyanizmy ndi chiyani?

Zizindikiro za mawu awa ali ambiri amene tili nawo ndipo tilibe zindikirani. Staroslavyanizmy ndi mawu Anabwereka wakale Asilavo chinenero, amene ankaona mabuku oyamba a Asilavo akale.

Komanso mu mabuku kapena Intaneti kukumana ngati akuti tserkovnoslavyanizmy. Pansi kawirikawiri amatanthauza mofanana pansi staroslavyanizmy, ndi kusiyana kokha kuti mawu ali anaitenga ku chinenero Church Chisilavo. Chikhochi ndi chimodzi cha Mpingo Old ina.

Komabe, mawu ndi zizindikiro staroslavyanizmy ndi ubiquitous kulankhula tsiku ndi tsiku. Mwina zosatheka, koma wina aliyense wa ife limanena anabwereka akuti katatu konse tsiku. Azigamula mawu kawirikawiri kuti kale sanadziwe staroslavyanizmy.

Zizindikiro za mawu amenewa

Choncho kodi mungadziŵe pamene mawu inadutsa mofanana? Pali momveka bwino mbali staroslavyanizmy chinenero cha Chirasha. mbali khalidwe la mawu awa anabwereka angathe kuonedwa ngati kufanana mu chilema, ndipo polemba.

Kafukufuku tsatanetsatane wa nkhaniyi ndi kuti pali ndithu njira kudziwa ntchito mawu monga staroslavyanizmy, zizindikiro zimene zotsatirazi:

1. Phonetic. Kufanana ndi phokoso, chigamulocho zikutsindika.
2. Mawu mapangidwe. njira yokonza mawu amenewa.
3. Lexical. Tanthauzo la mawu, mtundu wawo kulankhula ndi ntchito zolembalemba.

Yambani kukhazikitsa staroslavyanizmy

Kuyambira cha m'ma 9 ku Russia mu chilengedwe chinenero anati diglossia. Mawu amenewa nthawi zambiri kusokonezedwa ndi bilingualism, ngakhale ali osiyana kwambiri:

1. Ngati bilingualism ndi imodzi mwa chinenero ntchito ndi pang'onopang'ono m'malo ndi mzake, chifukwa mu mawu ochepa chabe ndi kugwiritsa ntchito.
2. Pamene zinenero diglossia awiri azigwirizana, kupanga mtundu wa kudalirana kenako akufotokozera mu mtanda wa Baibulo pachiyambi. chilankhulo Disglossiya ndi chikhalidwe khola ndipo ukhoza nthawi yaitali, monga izo zinali mu Russia.

Mu heyday wa Chikhristu diglossia izo kunafalikira, ndi Chirasha ndi tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi Church - mkulu chinenero zolembalemba, ndi tanthauzo wopatulika.

Kodi yotsatira?

Only mu m'ma 17 n'kuyamba mu diglossia Bilingualism. Chifukwa, the Old chinenero Chisilavo pang'onopang'ono unayamba kuda ndi kufooketsa maudindo awo, kusiya kokha kotsalira ntchito zolembalemba.

Iwo anali ikuchitika yomasulira "banja" chinenero Old Russian a mabuku opatulika, ndi "mkulu" mabuku. Pang'onopang'ono staroslavyanizmy anachoka mu mthunzi wa chinenero cha Chirasha, anasiya kwambiri mawu zikumbutso.

kangati tikukumana ndi mawu anabwereka?

Nthawi zambiri. Ngakhale zambiri kuposa inu mukhoza kulingalira.

Chisilavo mawu wadutsa mu chinenero chamakono limati awiri osiyana:

1. Kwathunthu. Ndi mawu monga masaya, maso, apulo ndi ena si lachilendo kwa ife.
2. Pang'ono. Pano zinthu zosangalatsa kwambiri, sikuti kufika ndikulingalira ngati mawu yobwereka. Kuti pang'ono mawu crosser monga: zikhulupiriro, makalata, anadalitsa, kuzindikira ndi ena.

Choncho kangati ife ntchito staroslavyanizmy m'mawu ake?

Kamodzi pa sabata. Kodi mukudziwa kuti mawu akuti "Sunday" amagwiritsidwanso anabwereka? Ndi, monga mawu "Mulungu", wakhala kwathunthu wadutsa mu chinenero chathu cha Mpingo Chisilavo chilankhulo.

Komanso, dziwani kuti si nthawi zonse mawu ndi zizindikiro Chisilavo, zimabweretsa Kugwirizana ndi chinenero mabuku. Ambiri a iwo alibe chilichonse ochekenera stylistic, zimene zimapangitsa ntchito zawo inconspicuous. Kodi mukuganiza kuti "zaumoyo" amatanthauza Church m'Chisilavo mawu komanso "kulowerera"?

Kugwiritsa ntchito mawu anabwereka sangatengedwe kukhala homogeneous, monga ena a iwo anali Chirasha poyamba yekha ndi kupita kwa nthawi atenga pang'ono chinenero. mawu akutchula Mwachitsanzo, munthu "wamtengo wapatali", "Belgrade" ndi ena.

More staroslavyanizmy zambiri ntchito ya kulemba mwaluso makamaka tchimo ili ndakatulo. Mawu amenewa wokhoza kuviika owerenga mu mlengalenga wapadera, komanso kupereka zovuta ndi nyimbo yapadera, komanso patsogolo kuganiza wonse wa zinthu zolembedwa.

Mwachitsanzo, "masaya" monga ntchito mu ndakatuloyi, n'zoonekeratu adzawawononga wakale chivalric chibwenzi, limene kwa zaka zambiri captivates mitima ya akazi.

mbali Phonetic staroslavyanizmy

Choncho kodi mungadziŵe staroslavyanizmy phonetically? Zizindikiro za mawu amenewa amapezeka, ngati inu mutayang'ana Chisilavo (ayi - South Asilavo) njira ya kupanga mawu.

N'zochititsa chidwi pamene pafupifupi kulemba zofanana zambiri amapezeka divergence wathunthu mkati tanthauzo la mawu.

Phonetic zimaonetsa tserkovnoslavyanizmy:

• Iwo ndi osakaniza syllables Patara / kapena oro La / OLT kuti anauka m'Chisilavo mawu. Mawu amenewa akunena: anauka, mowakalipira, kudzamuthokoza - Kukuthandiza Anthu Odwala, kumbuyo, tsitsi, headless, mtambo-chivundikiro, ozizira, ndipo ena.
• Kuphatikiza syllables ndi D / Le omwe akufanana Russian (kapena East Asilavo) EPE / sadzachitanso / kudya. Zikuphatikizapo: chophimba-film, dayisi, patsogolo / m'tsogolo, mkaka, yamkaka, peredachka olambira ndi ena.
• Kusinthana kwa syllables Patara / La ndi Ro / Lo m'chiyambi cha mawu: mu chochuluka, kutha, Rook-bwato nkhani, kusiyana-ritelo, payokha, anzawo ndi pofuna ndi ena.
• Mavawelo ndi / imelo / yakumadzulo / o / ine / Y pachiyambi: yagnonochek, whacky, osungulumwa, wosakongola, wapadera.
• Kuphatikiza makalata kuphunzitsa, ndi izo limafanana Russian Chabwino: kusangalala, kuteteza, motsimikiza, adatsutsika, mbuli, osaphunzira, tsiku ndi tsiku, ndi tsiku, ndi ena.
• Letters yakumadzulo / pc / CC / h: zosokera, akuyendayenda, toffee, ndi odzikonda ena.

Zizindikiro Lexical staroslavyanizmy

zizindikiro zofanana ndi kupeza:

• Kugwiritsa "buku chikhalidwe" mawu, chofunika awo. mawu amenewa ndi ovuta ntchito kulankhula tsiku ndi tsiku.
• Kukhala nkhani ya chipembedzo, makamaka Chikhristu.
• Chiyambi cha mawu pawiri mwa Mulungu / phindu / Sue / zabwino / mimba / zoyipa / wina ndi zina zotero. mawu awa monga: zamulungu, kulambira, madalitso, wodala, upandu, kuipa, zikhulupiriro, umodzi, mgwirizano ndi ena.

Zizindikiro Derivational staroslavyanizmy

Monga mbali phonetic mawu monga staroslavyanizmy, zizindikiro za maphunziro awo zili zofunikira. Mbali kwambiri khalidwe la mawu mapangidwe tserkovnoslavyanizmy ankaona zotsatirazi morpheme awo:

• Zonse zabwino bwino chisanadze / kudzera / kuchokera / pansi ndi makalata mu Chirasha (kukonzanso / by / cheres / mu / gawo). Ena mwa mawu amenewa ndi monga: mtanda wopalamulayo-pa kwambiri, sankhani-osankhika, kugwetsa-Pimp-yafupika ndi zina zotero.
• Common gorge / Yusch / arg / crate (kudzakhalire mu Russian uch / Uche / Ah / khungu), limene lidzasinthidwa Chinthu chapadera adjectives. Awa: panopa-madzi, astringent, kunama, kunama, ndi ena.
• Suffixes -zn, -TV / TWA -tay, -stvo / Motero, -yn / ynya: thanthwe, kunyada, Zokolola moyo, Herald, wazomangamanga, lumbiro kanthu, kuwukira, ndi ena.
• -Tel suffix: wazamalonda, dalaivala, anaumanga, mgonjetsi, wogula, ndi zina zotero.

Choncho, kuphunzira mmene tingadziwire staroslavyanizmy, nthawi zonse athe kumvetsa pamene inu ntchito. Ndipotu, munthu anangowona kamodzi ndili kulankhula tsiku ndi tsiku mawu duwa la Kale, pamaso modzichepetsa kubisala kuseri mthunzi wa mawu wamba.