Zoyamba za kayendetsedwe ka ntchito zachuma

Ife akhala anazolowera chakuti tikukhala mu chuma msika, ndipo n'komwe, mmene kumasiyana ndi njira zina zamalonda. Zinali chifukwa achilengedwe a zamoyo wa mitundu ya zochita za anthu a zachuma ndipo ali limatchula zake. Ndizo mfundo za chuma msika kusiyana kwake kwakukulu, mwachitsanzo, wa mtundu makonzedwe. Tikuuze za mfundo zazikulu, zomwe n'zofunika kwambiri kuti kuli msika.

Lingaliro la chuma msika

Anthu pa chiyambi cha mbiri yake, kuyambira kuchita timakhala zachuma. Atangomva lotayirira la mankhwala chopangidwa amayamba lafalitsidwa ndi dongosolo kusokonekera. ulimi ang'onoang'ono mwachibadwa anatembenukira kwa chuma, limene lidzasinthidwa chuma msika. Kukhala msika anapita m'zaka zoposa chimodzi. Ichi ndi masoka njira chifukwa cha zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Choncho, mfundo ya zachuma msika - si munthu anatulukira nayikapo ndi malamulo, iwo mwakula kuchoka mogwirizana mndandanda wa anthu Polankhula.

Maonekedwe a kayendetsedwe ka ntchito zachuma

chuma msika ndi nthawi poyerekeza ndi mutakonzekera, awiri mitundu kumalo ozizira oyang'anira. Choncho, makhalidwe osiyana ndi a msika zitha anapeza kufanana kwa mitundu iwiri. Market chuma - ufulu mapangidwe okwanira ndi anthu, ndi mapangidwe ufulu wa mitengo ndipo anakonza - lamulo lamulo la kutuluka kwa katundu ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa "pamwamba" mtengo. Komanso anayambitsa chilengedwe cha makampani latsopano kupanga mu chuma msika akutumikira wazamalonda, ndipo anakonza - boma. Anakonza chuma "ndi" ku maudindo onse chikhalidwe (amapereka ntchito onse, osachepera malipiro), ndi m'bwalo la malonda palibe kutsatira zimenezo, kotero izo zikhoza kuwuka Mwachitsanzo, ulova. Today mfundo za chuma msika akhala zapamwamba, iwo anali pafupifupi munthu mmodzi mwa kukaikira. Komabe, mfundo awaonera yake, ndipo inu mukhoza kuwona kuti chuma onse anayamba wa dziko pa kusanganikirana wa zikuluzikulu ziwiri mitundu ya zamalonda. Mwachitsanzo, mu Norway Mwachitsanzo, pali boma lamulo la Boma ena a chuma (mafuta, mphamvu) ndi kusokonekera kwa chuma pofuna chilungamo chikhalidwe.

mfundo

chuma Market kumagwirizana ndi mfundo za demokalase, ngakhale kwenikweni ngati zolimba malumikizanidwe kumeneko. Koma msika kwenikweni zimatsatira kuli ufulu chuma, katundu payekha, ndi mwayi ofanana onse. Modern msika chitsanzo zikusonyeza zitsanzo masiyanidwe, ofufuza awulule kutanthauzira osiyana a asilikali msika, kusinthasintha kwa zinthu zenizeni za dziko, miyambo. Koma zoyamba za kayendetsedwe ka ntchito zachuma ndi mfundo za ufulu, mpikisano, mlandu ndi chifukwa choncho postulates.

ufulu wa ogwira

Market zikutanthauza ufulu wa zachuma anthu kukhalanso. Iye akhoza kuchita malonda kapena ntchito bwana kapena boma. Ngati aganiza kuyamba bizinesi, ndiye iye nthawizonse ali ndi ufulu wosankha kuchuluka kwa zinthu, abwenzi, mtundu wa kasamalidwe. Ndi malire okha wokhazikitsidwa ndi boma. Kuti, chirichonse chimene sichiri ndikoletsedwa ndi lamulo, munthu akhoza kuchita, molingana ndi zofuna zawo ndi mphamvu. Palibe munthu atha kukakamizidwa kukhala amalonda. msika mwayi, ndipo ali ndi ufulu kuwagwiritsa ntchito kapena kusiya iwo. Pa mtima za kusankha anthu mkati msika ndi chidwi wake, apeze.

mitengo ufulu

mfundo za kayendetsedwe ka ntchito zachuma amati ufulu mitengo. Pa mtengo wa katundu anakhudzidwa ndi mphamvu msika: mpikisano, msika machulukitsidwe, komanso maonekedwe a mankhwala ogula maganizo kwa izo. Waukulu mitengo njira ndi bwino pakati okwanira ndi akumufuna. Mkulu kotunga amaika kupanikiza pa mtengo, kutsitsa izo, ndi kufunika mkulu, mosiyana, kumapangitsa kukula kwa mtengo wa katundu. Koma mtengo sayenera malamulo ndi boma. Zinthu zamakono boma komabe zimatengera kulamulira mitengo ya katundu, monga chakudya chikhalidwe zofunika, mkaka, tariffs pa zofunikira anthu.

Self-lamulo

mfundo zonse za kayendetsedwe ka ntchito zachuma zochokera chakuti yang'anira yekha wa ntchito zachuma ndi msika. Ndipo amakhala ndi zinthu monga kufunika si malamulo, mtengo ndi kufunika. Zonsezi kucheza, ndipo pali msika kusintha za ntchito chuma amalonda. Market kumathandiza kuti kusokonekera kwa chuma loyenda m'madera awo otsika-malire kupanga mu malo abwino kwambiri ndalama. Pamene kudzaza msika ambiri bwana, wazamalonda akuyamba kufunafuna niches latsopano ndi mwayi. Zonsezi zimathandiza wosuta kuti katundu ndi ntchito pa mitengo yotsika mtengo, komanso kukhala ndi luso kupanga.

mpikisano

Poganizira za dongosolo msika chuma, tiyeneranso kukumbukira mpikisano. Ndi waukulu galimoto mphamvu ya ulimi. mpikisano ikukhudza mpikisano chuma amalonda kumsika chomwecho. Amalonda kufuna kusintha zinthu zawo, pansi pa mavuto otsutsa akhoza kudula mitengo mpikisano ntchito malonda zipangizo. mpikisano Only amalola misika kukhala ndi kukula. Pali mitundu itatu waukulu mpikisano: wangwiro, oligopoly ndi okhawo. Kokhako choyamba osewera ofanana mitundu ina ya mpikisano pakati osewera aliyense ali ndi mwayi kuti ntchito zimakhudza ogula ndi phindu.

kufanana

chuma msika wamangidwa pa mfundo choyambirira cha kuyanjana kwa malonda onse, kaya akhale a mtundu wawo umwini. Izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu onse zachuma ndi ufulu wofanana, mwayi ndi udindo. Aliyense ali kulipira misonkho, lamulo, ndi kulephera kulandira chilango chokwanira kokwanila. Ngati munthu m'deralo amapatsidwa zokonda ndi maudindo, ndiye akuphwanya mfundo ofanana. Mfundo Izi zikutanthauza mpikisano chilungamo pamene msika ophunzira tonse tiri ndi malowedwe ofanana ndalama, zolowetsa ndi zina zotero. D. Koma m'njira zamakono za mmene malonda ukuchitika pa okha kuti atsogolere magulu ena a anthu amalonda akuchita malonda. Mwachitsanzo, anthu olumala, kuyambira malonda, amalonda chikhalidwe.

kudziletsa ndalama

Chuma masiku ano msika zachokera ku mfundo za udindo, kuphatikizapo ndalama. Wazamalonda kukonza malonda, pakuika ndalama zawo kuti: nthawi, ndalama, chuma aluntha. msika amafuna kuti bizinesi mavuto chuma chake mu khalidwe la ntchito. Amaphunzitsa bizinesi kuwerengetsa maluso awo, moyo ndalama zimene mumapeza. Kufunika aganyali zimapangitsa wamalonda amasonyeza pothana, kuzindikira limaphunzitsa kuchititsa ziyang'aniridwe ndi mlandu wa ndalama. The akhoza kusiya ndalama zawo ndipo amachititsa bankirapuse ya malamulo amaika zotsatira kutipanikiza pa m'maganizo entrepreneurial.

ubwenzi contractual

Kuweta mfundo chuma chuma msika kale zamangidwa pa ntchito mogwirizana kwa anthu amene ali ndi ubwenzi wapadera - contractual. Poyamba, zinali zomvetsa kumvetsa wapakamwa pakati pa anthu. Ndipo lero pali kulumikizana m'khola zikhalidwe zambiri zokhudza mawu wamalonda ndi kugwirana chanza ngati guarantor zochita zina. Lero, mgwirizanowo - mtundu wapadera wa chikalata chimene zikhalidwe za ndikupeleka zalembedwa, amatchula zotsatira zake ngati si kukwaniritsidwa kwa mgwirizano, ufulu ndi udindo zipani. Contractual mawonekedwe zimachitika pakati pa nthumwi zachuma kumawonjezera udindo wawo ndi ufulu.

udindo zachuma

mfundo zonse za chuma msika adzakhala mapeto lingaliro la anakhumudwitsa udindo bwana ntchito zachuma. Wamalonda ayenera kudziwa kuti mavuto onse kwa anthu ena kuti reimburse. Chitsimikizo cha ntchito ndi udindo pa kulephera kukonzekera wamalonda kofunika kwambiri malonda anu. Ngakhale msika limagwirira mu malo oyamba akadali sizibwera kwa lamulo, womwe ndi udindo zachuma. Amakhala chakuti wazamalonda amalephera kuchita kutaya ndalama zawo, ndi chiopsezo izi kumupanga iye kukhala oona mtima ndi mosamala.