Kodi malo pa Sun bwanji pakutchulidwa mawanga inki pa khungu

chakuti nyale zathu nthawi kuoneka dongosolo mdima, ati mwambi, kufotokoza maganizo awo mu dziko palibe wina ndi kanthu ndiye wangwiro ". Ndipo dzuwa pali mawanga" zochitika Zimenezi zakhala anati kwa nthawi yaitali, ndi kwa apoyera, ndipo Mbiri umboni. Mwachitsanzo, m'masiku Russian amatchula kuti sunspots ankaonedwa "misomali ako." Inde, ngati kuonera nyenyezi yaikulu ya dongosolo yathu kudzera mwa galasi kusuta, mukhoza kuona mfundo zingapo, zina akusonkhana mu zidutswa zazikulu ang'onoang'ono. Kodi zodabwitsazi, ndi zimene zimakhudza iwo ali anthu a Dziko Lapansi?

Choyamba, tiyenera ananena kuti awonedwe popanda mawanga zakutali pa dzuwa, iwo ayenera kukhala ndi awiri a osachepera zikwi zana limodzi makilomita, ndiwo makumi angapo nthawi kukula kwa dzikoli. Ndipo Kudaonekeratu poyera kuti ndi chiwonongeko chachikulu sangathe kupitirirapo amaona dziko, chifukwa moyo padziko lathuli zikudalira pa dzuwa mphamvu. Choncho zimene zimachitika kumeneko, pamwamba pa moto, pakuti mamiliyoni makilomita kutali? Funso linafunsidwa pamaso pa anthu. Galileo Galiley sketched anati mawanga mdima, ndipo ananena kuti iwo sali homogeneous. Iwo zigwirizana, titero wakuda pachimake (Galileo amanenela mthunzi) ndi thambo zinada bwalo (a penumbra).

A wasayansi wanzeru oyamba ananena kuti sunspots ali anaona si yunifolomu kulikonse, ndi wa zaka M'madera a zitunda. Amaoneka ochokera mizati, ndiyeno "Wopanda" kuti equator, koma osati kuchikwaniritsa. Mu 1841, asayansi anapeza kuti choterocho "chilema" cha kuunika pafupipafupi - zaka pafupifupi 11. Choyamba, pali ochepa, anamwazikana, mfundo zazing'ono, ndiye pali zambiri, iwo umasonkhana m'magulu limene pali Ziphona ziwiri zimene mdima pamalo - pa kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo kumalire a gululo. Popeza ankaphunzira mu zaka mazana makumi awiri, ndi polarity wa zinthuzo, asayansi kuona kuti ali - awiri mizati ina ya maginito.

N'chifukwa chiyani ndimakhala ndi malo pa Sun? Openda kusonkhana zodabwitsazi ndi kuwonjezeka maginito nyenyezi ntchito (zomwe, poyamba, ali ndi periodicity wa zaka 11). Kupititsa patsogolo makope dzuwa plasma mpweya prominences pafupipafupi zosayembekezereka wa ndondomeko kupanga mphamvu ya maginito. Izi, mu zingathandize chakuti mu malo makamaka limagwa kutentha kwa thunthu ndi madigiri theka zikwi poyerekeza pamwamba yapafupi ya photosphere lapansi. Popeza cheza pamalo "ozizira" imafoola, maso athu kuzindikira malowa ngati malo amdima.

Kaya kusewera udindo akuwonekera ndi anazimiririka mawanga mdima pa Dzuŵa litayamba pa njira wamba a moyo Padziko Lapansi? Paokha, mwina ayi. Koma ngati sunspots amasonyeza ntchito kuchuluka kwa nyenyezi, amatumikira monga "chenjezo mkuntho" kwa ife anthu. mikuntho maginito ndi mtsinje amphamvu particles zimakhudza kuchuluka kwa magazi kuti ana amakumana odwala hypertensive osati azitaya mtima anthu sachedwa iwo, koma amatsogolera mutu komanso kutopa zovuta kuzimvetsa wathanzi kwambiri anthu. Komanso, ntchito dzuwa akhoza ngakhale kupondereza ntchito ya nsanja translational, chifukwa ndege ndipo anthu oyendetsa pansi kusokoneza mauthenga pafoni.

Koma mawanga mdima ku dzuwa zimatengera kungotchula kwambiri. Cutaneous mchitidwe udindo melanin ndi khungu asiyane (monga okwana n'komwe kapena mfundo mdima), ndi opangidwa ndi cheza ultraviolet. The zambiri timatengera cheza awa, melanin zambiri khungu umabala. Koma kusagwiritsa ntchito mafunde UV zimatengera, kani, osati dzuwa, ndi chitetezo cha wosanjikiza dziko lapansi mumlengalenga. The wathuwu Mpweya umene dzenje - mwa kunyalanyaza wathu wa zachilengedwe - attenuate atetezeke wosanjikiza mlengalenga, kotero kumatheka ultraviolet walitsa. M'pofunikanso kusinthasintha nyengo mu kutentha mlengalenga. Mwachitsanzo, m'chaka (May - June), zigawo chapamwamba sanayambe kutenthetsa ndi dzuwa limatuluka kale mkulu. Choncho tiyeni Tan - zoopsa kwambiri: lingachititse kuti mawanga osafunika ndi kake kakupsa ndi dzuwa.