Kodi mukudziwa dzina lakuti Pushkin?

Aliases kuthandiza kuti akumvetseni bwino ntchito olemba ndakatulo ndi, kuwerenga zambiri za mbiri zawo. olemba ambiri amadziwika ndi mayina sikudapatsidwa kwa iwo pobadwa: limakhulupirira Gorky (AM Peshkov), Anatole France (Anatol Tibo). Nkhaniyi khama kuyankha funso: "? Kodi dzina Pushkin"

A pang'ono chiphunzitso

Kusunga dzina ntchito za olemba ndi ndakatulo pa kusaina ntchito payekha kugwiritsa ntchito mayina fictitious - aliases. N'chifukwa chiyani zimenezi?

• Ncholinga chinyengo kufufuza.
• Chifukwa chodana kalasi.
• Pamaso pa namesakes wotchuka.
• Pofuna kukwaniritsa zotsatira azithunzithunzi.
• Kupereka dzina la sonority ndi mayanjano zogwirizana.
• Pamene chitsanzo kwa cholembera. Chidwi kudziwa alias ya Pushkin unyamata wake, pamene iye sankadziwa mmene ntchito ngati owerenga.

Dmitriev analemba monograph zoyenera "dzina onyenga" - ". Kubisala dzina lake" , Iye anatchula mavuto 57 aliases ntchito ndi olemba ndi. Mwachitsanzo, anonymous, pamene dzinali kuwerenga kuti n'zosiyana: Ivan Krylov - Navi Volyrk; cryptonyms pamene ntchito Maina kapena achidule ena: K. Batyushkov - B-m.

kotero banja

Zotsatira za Pushkin adakali nkhani asayansi kafukufuku, kufufuza onse atsopano ndi kuyesa kufotokoza ntchito siginecha makamaka chimene mabuku mwapang'ono. dzina lake wokhala ndi nthano, mmodzi amene ali ogwirizana ndi mfundo yakuti iye anaphedwa duel, ndipo ntchito m'tsogolo pansi pa dzina la Dumas. Kuti timvetse iye anali kwa Russia, m'pofunika kukhala woyanjana ndi mizu yake. Alexander Pushkin - acokela ku banja ndi pedigree wolemera. Agogo ake - Abram Hannibal, anali "mwana" a Peter I. atate wake, SERGEY Lvovich, kumanzere usilikali, kuzindikira wokha ntchito mabuku. Anali ndakatulo wotchuka ndi amalume Vasiliy Lvovich, mmodzi wa oyamba kuzindikira talente a mphwake.

Magwero lolemera ndipo maina wolemekezeka, umene ankafuna kuti tisangalale, zinachititsa chakuti wolemba sanali kutenga dzina okhazikika. Pushkin anakakamizika kuika siginecha wina angapo a ntchito ndi zina. banja wolemba ndakatulo sunali olemera, koma kupyolera pa chikoka cha A. I. Turgeneva mnyamatayo anali limodzi ndi ana yabwino ya mabanja mfulu, umalimbana sukulu - Lyceum kuti lili ndi phiko la nyumba ya Tsarskoye Selo, komwe ndi chizindikiro cha mtima mkulu.

Lyceum nthawi

Iye anali mmodzi wa 30 luso anyamata analembedwa Inde loyamba 10/19/1811, kupitiriza kutumikira wabwino wa Dziko Lathu m'madipatimenti, mu ankhondo ndi asilikali. zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi, tsogolo ndakatulo chachikulu pakati pa aphunzitsi abwino a nthawi imeneyo kulimbikitsa anthu kuti aziwerenga ndi kulabadira maphunziro abwino, thupi ndi zokongoletsa. ana onse mwangwiro anapeka mavesi a mmodzi wa iwo - A. Delvig - anakhazikitsako nyimbo nakhala nyimbo ya Lyceum. Ndi apa kuti maluwa talente ndakatulo ya namatetule m'tsogolo.

Iye analibe bwino amalanga masamu, koma anali woyamba pa maphunziro a mabuku Russian. talente yake yakuti: lalikulu G.Derzhavin mbiri Karamzin, yotamandika kwambiri ndakatulo Vasily Zhukovsky. Lolowera Pushkin anaonekera pa masamba a mabuku kale zaka lyceum. Awa anali magazini "Herald of Europe", "Mwana wa Dziko Lathu" ndi "Russian Muzeum".

Buku loyamba

Ndakatulo "Kuti bwenzi wolemba ndakatulo" linalembedwa ndi anyamata zaka 14. Malinga ndi Baibulo lina, mu 1814 anam'tumiza magazini lofalitsidwa ndi AV Izmailov, yemwe wakhala m'banja bwenzi la Pushkin, dzina lake Aleksandr Delvig. France ndi Concertina (dzina Pushkin) abwenzi ankaona luso kwambiri, koma anali asanakhale buku limodzi, ngakhale ena a ophunzira sekondale kale anakwanitsa kudzisiyanitsa. akonzi ankakonda ndakatulo, koma osati utavomerezedwa ndi wolemba kalata za kufunika vutoli. Siginecha, imene anagwiritsa - uyu ndiye woyamba alias Pushkin unyamata wake. Chinawathandiza kumvetsa n'chakuti sayambitsa mavuto, ngakhale ntchito imodzi anonymous ndi krypton: Alexander N.k.sh.p. Iye anachotsa dzina lake mavawelo ndi kulemba izo mwanjira ina padziko.

Amadziwika: amalume ake Vasiliy Lvovich kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa dzina siginecha popanda mavawelo, koma m'njira mwachindunji: P.sh.k.n. Young Pushkin, pa dzanja limodzi, zasonyeza ufulu, pa zina - anasonyeza kuti n'zogwirizana ndi amalume-wolemba.

pseudonyms ena

M'zaka za moyo wa Lyceum ndakatulo analemba za ndakatulo zana m'gulu mndandanda wa ntchito. kanayi linasindikizidwa mu "Journal of Europe", imakhala ntchito osati N.k.sh.p, koma kalata P. ndi tsifronimami Mwachitsanzo, 1 ... 14-16. Ngati m'malo manambala mmalo mwa zilembo, tiona dzina koyamba, dzina lotsiriza ndi kalata yoyamba. ndi dzina lakuti Pushkin losiyana linachokera ku njira imeneyi? Kale ndi "Maulendo mu Tsarskoye Selo" ( "Russian Muzeum"), iye amaika siginecha yake. Ndi ndi ndakatulo uyu akubwera kwa iye bwino.

kudzachitika wake mu bwalo ndakatulo "Arzamas", womwenso V. Zhukovsky. Kenako, kukumbukira nthawi imeneyi, iye walemba ena analenga: Arz. (Arzamasets) cm. Al. (Old arzamasets), St ... ch.k (Cricket - dzina lakuti anthu bwalo). Iye walemba maina abodza. Choncho, timabuku ziwiri zinalembedwa m'malo Feofilakt Kosichkina. ofufuza anapeza ndi anasaina zina lalikulu ndakatulo Yehuda chlamydia, French, D. Davydov, Igor Ivanov, ndipo ngakhale Pushkin J. alias anali kuwagwiritsa ntchito m'ndakatulo akhoza zimachitika Yazykovo. Pambuyo retiring ku utumiki, ndi kukhala wofalitsa, nthawi zina Pushkin ankafuna mtsutso ndi wolemba ichi ndi ntchito mayina onsewa. Onekerani "Belkin", pomwe kumayambiriro, wolemba ngakhale anabwera ndi yonena za malemu Belkin, ndi amati wolemba.

Ulosi NM Karamzin

Wazambiriyakale wamkulu Russian, analinso ndi mawu ndi chiyambi cha 1799 analemba ndakatulo "Ulosi." Mfundo yomaliza iyo inali mfundo za kubadwa mu 1799 latsopano Pindar (Greek ndakatulo V-IV atumwi. BC. E., anayambitsa andakatulo odic). analosera zinachitikadi. chaka kuti anabadwa ndi wanzeru mabuku Russian, lomwe linakonzedwa ndi tsogolo kwambiri. Ndipo mulole izo sanalembepo ntchito za dzina lakale Greek la wolemba, tinganene kuti: Pindar - ndi pseudonym ya Pushkin, anawatumiza iwo ndi lamulo, NM Karamzin.