Kodi nambala Babulo?

Masamu, sayansi, kalipo East wakale. Palibe tsiku lenileni cha chiyambi chake, koma amadziwika kuti pafupifupi umodzi boma kum'mawa anali yake dongosolo la mawerengedwe ndi mawerengedwe njira. M'nkhani ino tikambirana chodabwitsa manambala Babulo, ganizirani zinthu zofukulidwa m'mabwinja, kutsimikizira moyo wawo ndi kuwunika zimakhudza awo pa pofuna kukwaniritsa sayansi.

kulowa

ufumu Babulo unayamba linakhalapo mu II Zakachikwi, nagwa 539 BC. Nthawi imeneyi, kuchigawo cha kum'mawa wapanga lofunika kwambiri patsogolo m'madera ambiri a moyo, moganizira zomangamanga ndi zakuthambo. Koma kuti zamangidwa mu bata ndi durability ndi zimene ananena zakuthambo akhoza kulembedwa ndi kusanthula, ndi masamu chofunika. Choncho, pa chiyambi cha chitukuko atsopano mu Mesopotamia pali manambala latsopano Babulo.

Popeza boma inamangidwa pa bwinja la kamodzi analipo pano Sumer ndi Akkad, komanso mitundu yamphamvu kwambiri, zoyambitsidwa ndi sayansi ya akalambula anathandiza Ababulo kukhala anayamba ndi kupata mpikisano.

Babulo ufumu dongosolo manambala

Panthawi yoyamba kuyang'ana pa nambala Babulo kamodzi kuyanjana ndi Roma, monga mfundo za mayina awo ali pafupifupi ofanana, chotero zambiri zophweka. dongosolo amagwiritsa zilembo ziwiri zokha: tsamba molunjika, kusonyeza wagawo ndi kunama tsamba, umene pafupifupi khumi.

Kulemba manambala 1 mpaka 9 ntchito kokha khalidwe choyamba, ndipo anthu onse wotsatira, ntchito zina Kuphatikiza wedges awiri. Nkofunika kudziwa kuti dongosolo chiwerengero anali sexagesimal ndi kugawidwa ndi Tinthu lolingana, ndipo palibe mwayi. Senary magawano Babulo womangidwa Sumerians, ndi kukhalapo kwa dazeni - Akkadians. manambala Kenako Babulo ali lingafanane ndi Arabic, Chilatini ndi Chigiriki, ndipo anakhala maziko a kudziwa nthawi. Kuyambira pamenepo, ife kugawanitsa ola limodzi mu mphindi 60 mphindi iliyonse mu masekondi 60.

Mavuto mu masamu Babulo

Monga tikuonera tebulo, mndandanda n'zosangalatsa kumva ku Babulo wakale kutha mu 59, pamene dongosolo anali sexagesimal. Koma kutsungula sanathe okha kuchuluka amenewa manambala? Mwamtheradi. Babele analipo manambala ankaganiza kanjedza yaikulu, amene lero timatcha three-, yachinai ndi zisanu manambala.

Mwachitsanzo, tiyeni gawo pa 60 ndi 120. Kuti nambala 60 ntchito tsamba mofanana wagawo, koma akuluakulu. Pambuyo masamba danga kupitiriza kujambula zina chiwerengero. Unakhala gwero la chisokonezo, nthawi zina sanakhoze kumvetsa ngakhale anthu akale. Limodzi likhoza ndikulingalira momwe wosweka akatswiri ubongo amene wolembedwa zakale izi. Komanso, Ababulo analibe zikande, koma adzachulukitsa kwambiri wosalira zolemba manambala zovuta.

Kuyambira chisokonezo kuyitanitsa

Kuti mudziwe chiwerengero Babulo mu machitidwe ena angapo mawerengedwe, ingokumbukirani zilembo ziwiri. Bwino kuwerenga iwo ndi kudziwa phindu ayenera kukhala bwino ndi mfundo za Pamalo. Pakuti ife, palibe lalikulu zambiri, popeza pali limodzi pamalo dongosolo mu dziko masiku ano. Kwenikweni ake kwagona kuti malo osiyanasiyana manambala bwanji tanthauzo la chiwerengero. Gwirizanani, ngati ife kusinthanitsa 1 ndi 7 pakati pa 17, ndiye Zotsatira zake zimakhala zosiyana kwambiri. Koma kwa anthu akale sikunali motero, chifukwa manambalawo kale kuphatikizapo malo kanthu. Ababulo anali woyamba mu mbiri ya anthu anazindikira kuti palibe kulenga otchulidwa angapo mwa kuzilemba mosintha. Wokwanira awiri, phindu limene kudzadalira udindowo.

Babulo "makope"

Mu maiko pakati pa mtsinje wa Tigirisi ndi Firate olamulira osati kokha, komanso anthu wamba ophunzira kwambiri, koma chiyanjano iwo analibe chinthu chimodzi - pepala. Mu Egypt icho chinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa gumbwa, chomwe utoto otchulidwa wakale ndi mafano, ndi nkhani Babulo manambala ndi makalata, zithunzi imachitika pa mapale.

Njira imeneyi imatchedwa zakale, ndi chofunikira ake kwagona kuti pamene dongo lofewa, lakuthwa tsamba matabwa chimasonyeza Makhalidwe anakhumba, amene ndiye zii. Mbale anali osiyana kukula, makulidwe ndi khalidwe. Malinga zolozerazi analemba za malamulo, ntchito ya sayansi, kapena nkhani za anthu wamba, amakumana ndi zochitika pa moyo.

History ndi Science

Masiku ano, pali kulekana bwino za kudzinenera mu luso, chidziwitso tacit la masamu, sayansi ndi zina sayansi, ndi zaumunthu, kumene udindo waukulu ankaimba ndi zinenero, mabuku, mbiri ndi nzeru. Pamene zinakhalapo ndipo anayamba chitukuko wakale, kumabungwe onse awa sali kwambiri yekha zapiringizana, komanso anapanga coherent lonse, kuwapangitsa anthu ena kudziŵa latsopano. Ife kale anakhudza nkhani monga mbiri ya masamu ndipo Ndikufuna kuti awulule angapo mphindi.

Ndi chifukwa dziko East wakale mwayi chopunthira cha chitukuko dziko, iye anali kuwerenga zonse. Kumayambiriro zokwanira anaonekera chuma, zomwe zinali zochokera zinthu monga mndandanda wa manambala ndi ntchito ndi manambala. Anali akuti tirigu ndi mbewu monga chimanga, anayeza munda m'dera anayesedwa ndi magawo kulemera kwa nyumba. mwachangu kukhala zakuthambo. Kuti tipitirize patsogolo kafukufuku mu munda wa mitunduyi poyamba yapangidwa, amene masamu ndi mtunda nyenyezi zooneka ndi zachilengedwe. Ena mwa asayansi awa amagwiritsa ntchito mu mtundu sichinasinthe.

Today ife kuti masamu - maziko a sayansi, umagwirira ndi zakuthambo, koma kwenikweni zinachokera pa maziko a sayansi izi alipo, monga panali chofunika.