Magwero a liwu lakuti "zasayansi": malingaliro osati zikamera

Ngakhale 3000 zaka BC anaonekera mawu "zasayansi". Zimenezi palibe angatsutse umboni ndi mapale opezeka zofukulidwa a zotsalira za m'mizinda ya Iguputo ndi Asia Minor. Chiyambi cha mawu "zasayansi" zovuta kukhazikitsa. Ofufuza zoyenera nkhani zambiri nthawi ndi khama.

kutali kale

Back mu IV m'ma AD Zosimus alchemist ku Panopolis Greece ankakhulupirira kuti mawu akuti "zasayansi" anachokera ku mawu akuti "Jemez", ndilo dzina chidule cha Herme. Kudziwa zimenezi wakale wa khalidwe analandira mwa mawonekedwe a otchedwa "vumbulutso la Mulungu," anali munthu wanzeru lodziwika bwino nthawi yake.

Malinga ndi nthano zakale, amuna aakulu a Mfumu Aleksandra Makedonskogo anapeza manda a munthu wanzeru wotchuka, amene analembedwa pa zomwe iwo anatha kumvetsa. Izi kulowa kuulula phwando awo chinsinsi cha "Stone Wafilosofi a". Akatswiri akale, kudzera mwa izo nditembenukire zitsulo aliyense golide. Kumene sayansi watsimikizira kuti pa akufuna ayamikira katswiri wakale palibe "nthanthi" Stone sachiza.

mfundo mbiri

Akatswiri ena amaganiza kuti chiyambi cha mawu akuti "zasayansi" akugwirizana Greek wakale kutanthauza luso kusungunuka zitsulo, kuphatikizapo golide. Byzantine lotanthauzira mawu, amene ankakhala X-XI m'ma BC, ankakhulupirira kuti mawu limeneli yokonza siliva ndi golide. Pa wakale Chinese, mawu akuti "golide" oganiza nyimbo, "mankhwala-Kim." Anthu a ku Iguputo, kapena ngati iwo anali kutchedwa, "Chemie", anali akatswiri kwambiri nthawi yake, ndipo nthawi zambiri chiyambi cha mawu akuti "zasayansi" amagwirizana ndi dzina la dzikoli. Kuyambira nthawi kupulumutsa maphikidwe kuphika zonunkhira asatayike. Choncho mbiri za chiyambi cha mawu akuti "zasayansi" inayambira ku Igupto wakale, ndi lingaliro palokha ndi zofanana mawu akuti "sayansi Aigupto."

Woyamba "mayunivesite"

Kupitiriza nkhani zathu kakang'ono za chiyambi cha mawu akuti "zasayansi". Mu III m'ma BC ku Alexandria (Ancient Egypt) idamangidwa pa Academy loyamba Sciences. "Chinsinsi luso", monga iwo ananena zokhudza zimapangidwira, anali anamanga nyumba osiyana, imene inkatchedwa Serapis kachisi. M'tsogolo, timakumana ndi maganizo oti "alchemy", umene unayamba ndi Aluya. Iwo anawonjezera manambala oyambirira kuti maganizo "zasayansi" anayambitsa Aigupto. asayansi ambiri kwa zaka chikwi, ndi opirira osiririka anavutika ndi chinsinsi kupeza golide zitsulo m'munsi. Kaya ndi chinsinsi, "mwala nzeru zapamwamba za" kapena chinsinsi "alkahest" umene kalelo anali ankaona zosungunulira konsekonse. Chinsinsi yokonza zinthu izi mwachinsinsi kuti munthu sanayambe kudziwika. Pang'onopang'ono, kuyambira m'nthawi kwa atumwi, alchemy chinayamba kukhala ndi dongosolo kwambiri zimapangidwira ano. Nzeru zapamwamba, dokotala, amene anali kukhala m'dera la Tajikistan, Abu Ali al-Hussein, imadziwika Avicenna, pamene kale angathe kulandira nitric, sulfuric acid amathiridwa, hydroxide potaziyamu ndi hydroxide ndi sodium. Monga malo a zochita za anthu alchemy watha kukhala zogwirizana kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XVIII.

Chiyambi cha nthawi yathu mawu "zasayansi" amagwirizana ndi mawu Chakumapeto Chimia. Ndi zofanana kwa English mawu zimapangidwira, German ndipo French chemie chimie.