Murmansk: anthu, kukula kwake ndi mitundu zikuchokera

Mmodzi wa mizinda ikuluikulu kwambiri doko Russia ndi Murmansk. anthu ake ndi 305 zikwi anthu. Kodi kusintha chiwerengero cha anthu a Murmansk zaka? Mtundu moyo pano? Mayankho a mafunso amenewa ndi ena zaziwerengero mudzapeza m'nkhani ino.

Murmansk - mzinda mu Arctic Circle

chidwi kwambiri chiyambi cha dzina la mzinda. Kale, ndi Asilavo m'madera amenewa amatchedwa "Murman" Norwegians (cha Normandy). Ambiri mwina, anadzatchedwa m'dziko m'dera ndi - gombe la Barents Nyanja ndi pa Kola Peninsula. Pamene m'zaka za m'ma makumi awiri kumeneko inamangidwa doko, izo ndi dzina - Romanov pa-Murman, amene pambuyo kubera mphamvu Soviet kusandulika mu "Murmansk".

Chiwerengero cha mzindawo amakakamizidwa amakhala ndi mavuto nyengo. Zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa Murmansk lili Arctic Circle. Usiku kumalo ozizira kumatenga kuposa mwezi umodzi - 2 December mpaka 11 January.

Pomanga zogona Murmansk chogwidwa gulu mkulu-nyamuka nyumba. Komanso, nthawi zambiri amakhala makomawo chokongoletsedwa ndi Zithunzi zokongola. Mwa njira imeneyi, akuluakulu a mzinda akuyesera kulimbana ndi "mtundu wa njala" chifukwa yozizira pano kumatenga za 7-8 miyezi.

Murmansk: anthu ndi mphamvu zake ndi zaka

Ndi chiwerengero cha anthu a mumzinda akuchita malo 64th mu Russia. 305 000 anthu - kuti ndi anthu mumzinda wa Murmansk chili pa chiyambi cha 2015.

M'chaka choyamba utayambika m'mudzi (mu 1917) munkakhala anthu 1300 chokha. Chiwerengero cha mzindawo a Murmansk chiyambi kuonjezera mofulumira mu mochedwa 20, pambuyo pa chiyambi wa Soviet kumpoto zombo. Isanayambe nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse, mzinda lili ndi anthu pafupifupi 120 zikwi anthu.

Population anakula ngakhale panthawi ya nkhondo, monga Murmansk kalekale Ndipotu doko yokha imene Soviet Union kuchita malonda ake akunja. Mu zaka makumi awiri pambuyo nkhondo, anthu a mumzindawo ali kawiri. Mu zaka wotsatira, Murmansk anakula makamaka chifukwa cha kuchuluka anthu m'njira.

Chiwerengero mavuto anayamba mumzinda oyambirira 90s, pamene anasamukira kuchokera pafupifupi 30,000 achinyamata. Yemweyo zinthu zinaipa ndiye okha Grozny, amene anapulumuka woyamba Chechen nkhondo. Pakati pa 1989 ndi 2002, mumzinda wa "anataya" mpaka 150 zikwi za anthu ake.

The outflow kwa achinyamata kwachititsa kuti vuto lina pachimake zaziwerengero: lero, mthunzi atathana pachaka Murmansk kuchuluka kwa anthu achilengedwe (za 0,5% pa chaka).

Murmansk: anthu ndi kapangidwe kake fuko

lingaliro kumanga doko mzinda pa malo kunayamba 70 ntchentche za m'ma XIX. kuzichita izi ndi momveka bwino: pamaso apa doko yaikulu ya Russian Ufumu anatsegula kumafika kwa Ocean Arctic.

Mu 1916, pa phiri izo anamanga mzinda wa Murmansk. Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, iye anali kuthetsa otsiriza, lomwe linakhazikitsidwa mu Russian Ufumu. Patapita chaka chimodzi, monga ife tikudziwira, boma tsarist unatha.

Ethnically, anthu a mumzindawo ndi mwachilungamo yunifolomu. Malinga ndi anthu kalembera atsopano unachitika mu 2010, Russian (za 89%) amakhala Murmansk, Ukrainians (4.5%), Belarusians, Chitata, Finns, komanso oimira mitundu ina.

Kapangidwe achipembedzo m'tawuni ndi chidwi kwambiri. Mu Murmansk pali magulu achipembedzo 17, kuphatikizapo malo kutsogolera ndi la tchalitchi cha Orthodox. mzinda wamangidwa osachepera khumi Orthodox, kuno ndi mpando wa Metropolitan Simoni.

Alembedwera Murmansk ndi Akatolika amene ayenera kutumikira mu Mpingo wa St. Mikayeli Mkulu wa Angelo. Register pano monga mipingo ya Chiprotestanti (makamaka Abaptisti, Adventists, Achipentekoste ndi Mboni za Yehova). Gulu laling'ono la Asilamu Murmansk erects yokha mzikiti. Komanso, mzinda mayina ndi ndizina Krishna achipembedzo bungwe "Society kwa ndizina Krishna Ubongo."

Pomaliza

Mwa mizinda imene ili kuseri kwa Arctic Circle, yaikulu ndi Murmansk. Anthu amakakamizidwa kukhala yaitali kwambiri yozizira ndi pachaka usiku kumalo ozizira mu mwezi yaitali. Lero kunyumba kwa anthu oposa 300 zikwi.