Komi - anthu a North. Miyambo, chikhalidwe, miyambo

Komi - anthu kukhala mu nkhalango lalikulu la kumpoto cha kum'mawa kwa gawo European la Russia. magulu Aika ethnographic ndi vymichi, verhnevychegortsy, pechortsy, Izhemtsy, udortsy, sysoltsy. Kuloŵedwa m'malo mwa Republic of Komi Perm Vychegodskaya ankaona.

Timatheriyali miyambo

Kuyambira kale, lofalitsidwa koposa ntchito pakati pa anthu awa ali zamanja kugwirizana ndi processing wa nkhuni. M'midzi, kunali kosatheka kupeza mlimi amene sanathe kukhala ndi nkhaniyi iliyonse chinthu banja. Izhma Komi - anthu amene, powonjezera, izo bwino anayamba zamshedele. Zokometsera khungu chinkhoswe mu mwapadera anamanga nyumba cholinga - ". Suwedi kwake" Mu Sysolsky ndi Nizhnevychegodskoy m'madera kamodzi analandira ambiri luso ili ngati nsapato kuvala.

utakhala wina wakale wa Komi anali mbiya. Ife zikugwira zotsimikizira glassware panyumba, makamaka akazi. gudumu woumba mbiya anali pafupifupi osati ntchito. Iye anawonekera mu Komi m'zaka XV, koma kufalitsidwa lonse ndipo sanalandire. Zakudya anali okonzeka wamkulu lamba knotted unsembe. Calcined kuumbidwa preform mu ng'anjo Russian.

chakudya chikhalidwe

Komi miyambo - anthu kwa zaka zambiri anakhala mbali ndi mbali ndi Russian, ofanana mu ulemu kwa chakudya. Chakudya chachikulu cha anthu wamba anali phala. Koma maphunziro oyamba, nthawi zambiri amayi kukonzekera soups ndi mitundu yonse ya msuzi, kuphatikizapo nyama. Phula chakudya makamaka nthawi yotentha. yosiyanasiyana Komi anali nsomba menyu. nsomba yophika, yowotcha, mchere, anaphika mapayi ake. Mu anthu kumpoto pa tebulo akhoza zambiri kuonedwa soseji venison. Monga masamba, minda masamba wamkulu turnips, Palestina ankalima, anyezi, turnips. Kuyambira m'ma XIX. Panali ambiri mbatata.

wotchuka kwambiri pa Komi anali kuphika, amene anali ntchito makamaka balere, ufa, rye. Round chakudya pa tebulo chinali tsiku. Pa maholide Hostess anaphika yowutsa mudyo, makeke, mapayi, muffins, ndi zina zotero. D. otchuka kwambiri komanso anali zikondamoyo ufa balere.

ulimi

miyambo ulimi wa anthu a Komi amadziwikanso kwambiri zogwirizana ndi Russian. Komabe, zakudya zachimanga mbewu ambiri analibe tirigu, ndi balere. Mpaka m'zaka XI, dziko woyesedwa ndi dzanja. M'zaka za m'ma XII. kulima ndi harrow anayamba ntchito ng'ombe mphamvu kusodza. Yolima pa Komi chinkhoswe, makamaka amuna. Harrow anapangidwa, komanso anthu kumpoto Russian, makamaka achinyamata. Amakolora balere kumayambiriro kwa August. ntchito ankaona chosalimba. Nthawi zambiri chifukwa frosts oyambirira mkate kutsukidwa zambiri wobiriwira.

NYEMBA mbeu ntchito chida chapadera - flail. yomanga ake anali wophweka kwambiri: yaitali matabwa chogwiririra ndi kulumikizana ndi rawhide lamba wake lalifupi kugunda.

ziweto

Komi - anthu ndi miyambo yakale kwambiri mu mawu a kuswana ng'ombe. chakuti ziweto amangokhala alipo kale mu Kama mu II-I Zakachikwi BC. e. Mulimbikitseninso lotseguka pano akatswiri a zinthu zakale. Dziwe ndi Vychegda ng'ombe anayamba zimaswana, osalephera, pang'ono kenako - mu Ine Zakachikwi BC. Asayansi apeza mafupa a ziweto ku manda a chikhalidwe Vym XI-XII zaka. Komi ayipanga kalelo, makamaka ng'ombe. Komanso anali nkhosa ndi akavalo mabanja. Ubweya, mkaka ndi nyama chogulitsidwa ndi ntchito yekha.

Chikhalidwe ndi miyambo

M'maganizo ndi wapadera chikhalidwe - Komi anthu, mwa zina, miyambo yake chidwi kwambiri. iwowa akhoza kugawidwa mu zitatu zikuluzikulu:

1. Birthing. Miyambo ya mtundu uwu anali makamaka umalimbana kubadwa abwino mwanayo. Akhanda otchedwa mawu zachilendo "chock". mawu lachokera ku "kholo". Izi zikusonyeza kuti Komi ankakhulupirira kuti ana ku dziko lino lapansi ku dziko la mizimu ya makolo. Zizindikiro za chonde anadzazidwa ndi miyambo yambiri Komi. Mwachitsanzo, mkwati ndi mkwatibwi pa ukwati Mwala nkhosa odula, kuti kenako iwo anali ndi ana ambiri. Komanso, pamaso pa ukwati Mkwatibwi ndi cholinga chomwecho anaikidwa pa maondo mwanayo. Kwambiri osamala anasonyeza Komi za thanzi la ana m'tsogolo. Pamaso pa ukwati, abale mbali mosamala kufufuzidwa kuona ngati kuti banja limene iwo anabwera adzakwatirane mosakanizikana, maganizo olumala kapena odwala.
2. Ukwati. Mu Komi panali mitundu itatu yokha ya ukwati: a kalym, malowolo ndi kuba. Maukwati Komi yodziwika ndi ambiri zosiyanasiyana miyambo kumangako.
3. Kuikidwa ndi chikumbutso. Maliro miyambo amasiyana Kuvuta ili la anthu. Pambuyo pa imfa ya munthu m'nyumba halts onse mazenera, zojambula, zithunzi, zinthu ndi pamalo glossy. Akufa munthu anatsuka ndipo anaikidwa spruce kapena paini bokosi. A mwambo sizachilendo anali kunyema mkate.

Komi - anthu ndi chikhalidwe wolemera, kwambiri choyambirira. Ena mwa miyambo yake ndi miyambo ofanana Russian wathu. Komabe, pali zambiri zosiyana. Lero, akuyesetsa kwambiri a Komi miyambo ya makolo awo sanaiŵalidwe, kukonza mitundu yonse ya mapwando a dziko lawo ndiponso tchuthi.