Koryaksky: kufotokoza, mbiri. Volcano ku Kamchatka

Masiku ano, ofufuza Kamchatka sanabwere kwa kugwirizana pa nkhani ya chiwerengero cha mapiri padziko lapansi. Ena amakhulupirira kuti iwo ali oposa zana, ena amakhulupirira kuti pali masauzande. Chotero kusintha lonse mu ziwerengero chifukwa njira zosiyanasiyana funso, osati mapiri onse pa Kamchatka Peninsula ntchito, ambiri a iwo lero satchula ntchito zake, koma chifukwa amaoneka kuti basi kuzungulira ngodya.

Komabe, chinthu choterocho ngati "kuphulika", akatswiri amakhulupirira wachibale. Chinthu ndi phiri yogwira imatengedwa kukhala ngati anasunga umboni kuti nthawi inayamba. Koma izo zikhoza kuchitika zana kapena zikwi zapitazo.

Koryaksky - Volcano akuchita ili Kamchatka, makilomita sate-faifi kumpoto wa Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. Adzaupereka kwa stratovolcano.

Koryaksky: ali phiri?

Patatha zaka chidwi ndi kafukufuku, asayansi kuona kuti phiri anayamba kupanga kalelo, kukhala yeniyeni, pa Upper Pleistocene. Poyamba, malo kuphulika pano anaonekera chiphalaphala phiri msinkhu wa makilomita awiri ndi theka, lomwe likupezeka mu malemu Pleistocene phirilo ano. Iwo wapangidwa ndi basaltic-andesite ndi lavas andesitic.

History dzina la

Pa mapu amakono dzina wamba Koryaksky. Koma izi dzina kuphulika analibe nthawi zonse. M'zaka za m'ma XVII wotchuka wofufuza wa Kamchatka SP Krasheninnikov kuphunzira awo amatchedwa Volcano Turnout knoll.

Am'deralo kuchokera m'midzi yapafupi zopezeka mu malo awa chiphala galasi. Icho chinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito tsiku ndi tsiku, makamaka kupanga arrowheads. Mwina n'chifukwa chake nalo dzina lake lachiwiri chamoto ili pa Kamchatka Peninsula.

Patapita nthawi yaitali, mu m'ma XIX, anthu a m'deralo woyendayendawu mphalapala ng'ombe - Koryak, anakhazikitsa kuthetsa m'tsinde mwa phiri, iwo anatchedwa kuti "Koryak". Choncho phiri dzina lake Koryaksky. Iwo anali atathana ndi osungidwa lero.

Koryaksky: kufotokoza

Phiri ndi mbali ya dongosolo Koryak-Avachinskaya ndipo ili mu East Ridge. Kunja ndipo lili ndi zonse mawonekedwe ribbed phirilo. Tsiku lina dzuwa zikuwoneka majestically Koryaksky, amene kutalika ukufika mamita 3456.

Kodi phiri chidwi?

Maonekedwe a chimphona ndi chachikulu maseŵeralo awiri mamita oposa mazana asanu pa malo otsetsereka a kum'mawa ndi kumpoto kwa omwe atsika pa flanks awiri glacier yaikulu ndi kudula nsonga. Mu mtundu kuphulika limabweretsa stratovolcano. phirilo wake wapangidwa ndi basalt ndi nyumba andesite, komanso phulusa ndi chiphalaphala.

Tikumbukenso kuti phiri ali ndi ngodya ndi lalikulu - mpaka madigiri makumi awiri mu mmunsi mpaka madigiri sate-faifi pamwamba. Kamchatka kuphulika ali otsetsereka, kwambiri indented, kuwonjezera pansi mizere, amene ali linasokoneza madzi madzi. Iwo kuoneka bwino bwino, ngakhale wodzazidwa ndi chipale chofewa ndi matalala.

Chigwa

Modern Chigwa ili mu dera la kumadzulo kwa udachitikira ku. awiri ake - mamita mazana awiri. kuphulika wakale wa m'mphepete pang'ono zowonongeka. Chigwa wina wakale lili kumpoto kwa udachitikira, kumene masewera aja lili, kuya mamita oposa zana ndi awiri mamita mazana asanu. tsopano Iye ali otanganidwa glacier.

onse otsetsereka a kumpoto kwa phiri yokutidwa ndi minda chisanu ndi oundana. Iwo kutambasula kuti phazi la makilomita anayi. Ndipo otsetsereka m'munsi mwa mapiri okutidwa ndi nkhalango zowirira za mwala birch ndi nyenyezi yaing'ono pine. Kufikira tsopano, kuphulika izi Kamchatka ndi yogwira, ngakhale kukula kwake si ndithu akufanana ndi mphamvu ya kuphulika lapansi.

osungirako zachilengedwe

Kamchatka kuphulika Koryak ili mu malo otetezedwa:

• Natural Park "Nalychevo" mu 1996 adalowa UNESCO World Heritage List;
• State Reserve (Tizilombo) "mapiri atatu" analengedwa mu 1994 kuteteza wakuda chili pamwamba marmot, nkhosa bighorn, njale ndiponso kuletsedwa kwa kusaka mitundu ya nyama ndi mbalame.

Ntchito chiphala

Volcano Koryaksky komabe bwinobwino. Komabe, asayansi anapeza kuti pa zaka zikwi zisanu ndi ziwiri pamwamba panali kuphulika asanu - mu zaka 5050, 1950 ndi 1550 BC, ndipo mu 1890, 1926 ndi 1956. ntchito yomaliza mu 2008. Am'deralo anaonerera kuphulika kwa utsi ndi phulusa pa otsetsereka kumadzulo. Chifukwa cha phulusa plume umachokera pa 100 Km.

Kuphulika kwa 1926 bata. Panalibe mabomba ku Chigwa chiphalaphala unaturuka modekha. Kuphulika chachiwiri, yomwe inayamba mu 1956, zinali zambiri yogwira. Akatswiri amanena kuti munthu zachiwawa. Kuyambira kusiyana utakhazikitsidwa, utali umene unali pafupifupi mazana asanu, ndipo m'lifupi khumi mamita, positi phulusa anathyola ndi mpweya mkuuka kutalika mamita chikwi mazana asanu ndi awiri. Pamene kuphulika izi chiphalaphala ankalembedwa.

Kachiwiri anadabwa am'deralo Koryaksky mu 2008. The watsopano kumasulidwa mpweya ndi phulusa analenga njira, kukuchitika kwa makumi makilomita. Koma pambuyo kuphulika uyu anamutsatira. Ngakhale kuti phiri akugwira ntchito m'malo osowa, izo m'gulu mndandanda wa mapiri zaka zambiri. Kuyambira mu 1996, analowa mndandanda wa nsonga ya sikisitini, amene anaphunzira ndi bungwe la UN (IAVCEI). Amaonedwa zoopsa kwambiri chifukwa cha moyandikana ndi midzi anthu.

Am'deralo ntchito chiphala anazindikira ndithu modekha, kuzitcha izo chabe "ndi Koryak Autonomous Area," ndipo pamene iye amasuta - kunena phiri amasuta. Snowboarders akhala anaona kusungunuka kwa madzi oundana, zomwe zili pa lokwera, amene yekha akutsimikiza ntchito zake. Kuchokera ku mapiri ayamba Paratunski wotchuka akasupe otentha.

Koryaksky: kukwera

Tsopano phiri ndi matalala. Malo otsetsereka ake atatu linanena bungwe fumarole mipweya, amene pa nthawi zosiyanasiyana pamene kutentha limatuluka kuti +273 ° C. Koryak kuphulika ndi otchuka pakati okwera odziwa phiri. mapiri kunkakhala zokwanira kupangitsa kukwera zovuta kwambiri, napempha maphunziro ena ndi luso. Mwatsoka, izo anapha agonjetsi angapo wosadziwa a pamwamba paphiri kuti kukambapo mphamvu zawo.

Monga ulamuliro, ndi Koryak Volcano, ndi chikhomo m'dera chifukwa cha malo otsetsereka phompho, barranco kwambiri musandisokoneze alendo wamba,? Mwamwayi, sanali bungwe ascensions misa, monga Mwachitsanzo, oyandikana Avachinskaya pamwamba.

The agonjetsi loyamba phiri

Akukhulupirira kuti oyamba kufika pamwamba pa phiri Koryak zachilengedwe ndi dokotala Russian ngalawa "Alexander" - F. V. Shteyn. nyamukani zinachitika pa mapeto a September 1821. Malinga kupulumuka zikalata amadziwika kuti XX atumwi, woyamba anakwera phiri mu 1934, motsogoleredwa ndi mtolankhani ku Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky - Steblichem.

Patatha zaka zinayi, iye anapambana pamwamba mkazi woyamba - Pauline Sushkova. patatha zaka zisanu ndi mkazi wolimba pafupifupi kugundidwa ndi kuphulika kwa Avacha kuphulika kumene kunachitika mu February 1945.

Phiri ili makilomita sate okha ku Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky. pamwamba ake ali osiyana maulendo Kuvuta - kuchokera 1b kuti 3a. okwera odziwa kuti mwaukadaulo kukwera si wovuta. Komabe, ndiyayikulu zinthu zolimbitsa thupi chifukwa cha kusiyana msinkhu.

kukwera Start imagwiridwa ndi msasa m'munsi, kuyambira wotumidwa kwa othamanga ndi njira. Iwo lili pa mtunda wa mamita asanu ndi anayi. Kukwera pamwamba, mukhoza limodzi kapena masiku awiri. njira yaitali adalipo Komabe, iwo ali ndi zovuta zake. Choyamba, izi lokhudza kufunika kuukitsa kutalika mamita zoposa zikwi ziwiri akugona matumba, hema, tochi, chakudya ndi madzi.

Kukwera tsiku lina, pamafunika zosaposa khumi - khumi maola. The otsetsereka ndi mofulumira zinayi - asanu maola. Nthawi yabwino kukwera kwa Koryak Volcano okwera kuganizira nthawi kuyambira m'ma April mpaka mapeto a June. Panthawi imeneyi palibe frosts kwambiri, ndipo monyanyira onse mtunda ndi kumasura thanthwe akadali okutidwa ndi chipale chofewa bulangeti mwabata.

Komanso pa nthawi imeneyi, zili utsike phiri pa chofeŵa kapena zipangizo. Kukwera akhoza ndi luso lofunika kwambiri mapiri - athe kuyenda mu mtolo wa, ntchito ayezi nkhwangwa ndi crampons. Nkofunika ndi thanzi labwino mawonekedwe. okwera odziwa amalangiza oyamba kuyesa dzanja lawo pachiyambi, kuti Avacha chiphalaphala amene kutalika mamita 2751.

The othamanga njira wotumidwa kuchokera kumsasa yomweyo m'munsi. Pakuti oyamba Avacha Volcano ndi mtundu zovuta, ndi kulimbitsa thupi wabwino pamaso pa kukwera yaikulu kwambiri.

Musaiwale za zipangizo zina zapadera, popanda zomwe silingachite mu mapiri. Nawu mndandanda wa zinthu zofunika:

• akugona thumba;
• hema;
• crampons ndi nkhwangwa oundana;
• Magolovesi ofunda;
• opepuka pansi jekete;
• nkhope chigoba (kuteteza ku mphepo);
• kuwala magolovesi;
• matenthedwe kabudula;
• mathalauza kwa Kakhungu minofu;
• matenthedwe masokosi;
• kukwera nsapato;
• Potsetsereka kapena zida ski (kupatula kupsyolela ku phiri),
• zingalowe botolo (1 lita);
• magalasi;
• amene anali nkhuni;
• sunscreen.

Kodi kumeneko?

Kuchokera m'mizinda Russian wa Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky zikugwirizana mpweya ndi nyanja links. Yelizovo Airport, amene akutumikira mzinda ndi mayiko. Kwa izo pali flights zonse kuti mizinda ya ku Russia (Vladivostok, Moscow, Khabarovsk, St. Petersburg, Magadan, Krasnoyarsk, Novosibirsk ndi ena). Komanso, kuthamanga mpweya zoweta mu Ayenela-Kamchatsk, Ozernovsky, Palani, Nikolskoye (Commander Islands), Ossorio. Midzi wakunja kwatawuni Moss, Avacha, Nagorny, Dolinovka phirilo akhoza anafika pa basi.

Mu maganizo a onse amene aona Koryaksky, anakondwera ndi zodabwitsa zachilengedwe zokongola ndi mphamvu. Vulcan kumathandiza kuti akhazikike yaikulu ngakhale alendo amene sizipanga chitunda, choncho ngati muli ndi mwayi wokaona mu Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, onetsetsani kukaona phiri.