Kudziyimira pawokha ndi chiyani? Ndondomeko ndi mlingo wa kudziyimira pawokha

Masiku ano ndi ya limati, ambiri mwa - adzakhale, choncho pali funso za bungwe anzake a miyoyo ya anthu, kuti kuti zigwirizane aliyense, kapena ambiri. M'mayiko ambiri mu mphamvu chipangizo ndi maulamuliro kulola ufulu ena madera mwa iwo. Ndicho chimene kudziyimira pawokha mu tanthauzo lake losavuta.

Zikamera ndi maganizo ndi kufunika kwake

Ichi ndi mawu a chiyambi Greek. Chifukwa pali kuti? Chakwanira kukumbukira mbiri ya Greece. Pamene kuli boma limodzi, ndipo nsalu ambiri mumzinda limati ndi migwirizano pakati pawo. Liziyenda bwino, mabungwe awa anali kuwerengera ndi likulu la mumaganiza mosavuta mu ndondomeko ambiri. thandizo lamtengo wapatali akanapereka dongosolo ngati a co-alipo, amene adzalola kuphatikiza zofuna za kukula zosiyanasiyana ndipo mphamvu ya mzinda-limati. Agiriki anayambitsa mfundo kudziyimira pawokha. mawu tichipeza zigawo ziwiri: "Galimoto" ( "omva", "kudzikonda") ndi "nomos" ( "chinthu"). Choncho ngakhale malamulo zing'onozing'ono Greece wakale anali ndi chuma pamlingo winawake kudziyimira pawokha kuthetsa mavuto osiyanasiyana amene amaloledwa pamlingo winawake kukhala bwino ndale. Ndicho chimene kudziyimira pawokha m'lingaliro wakale Greek.

Mfundo kudziyimira pawokha mu mapangidwe boma

Panopa, njira imeneyi amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kwambiri m'mayiko osiyanasiyana, ndipo onse potsata mwambo, chimango malamulo ndi njira ya gulu la mphamvu ya boma. Komabe, m'dziko kutsatira kudziyimira pawokha aliyense, chipangizo oterowo makamaka ngati mbali osadalira pa boma limodzi. Mlingo wa ulamuliro pa nkhani iliyonse anatsimikiza payekha ndipo potengera malamulo a dziko.

Mapangidwe ndi mlingo wa mayunitsi yoyenda yokha zambiri malinga ndi dongosolo dziko la dzikolo. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi, boma mutsimikizira mlingo kofunika anthu dziko ndi mafuko awo. Komanso ndi njira kusunga lamanja la mitundu kukhalanso popanda tsoka chifukwa umodzi dziko. Malinga ndi mfundo imeneyi, dongosolo la mphamvu ndi ulamuliro ku boma latsopano la Russia. Onse olamuliridwa la Russia ndi ufulu yoyenda yokha.

mitundu ya autonomies

Mu sayansi ndale pali kutanthauzira zambiri kudziyimira pawokha zomwe. Khama akhoza anatsegula motere: ndi lodzilamulira ndi mbali osadalira pa boma limodzi. Sizachilendo kugawa Kupititsa ndi mitundu-mitundu kudziyimira pawokha. Mu dziko lathu, tinachita mitundu onse. Choyamba njira kupanga mabungwe lodzilamulira malire ena, mkati amene ali oimira magulu a mitundu (RT, Saha ndi T. D.). Onse ali ndi zizindikiro zenizeni za boma, ndipo n'chifukwa awo dera mbendera, chizindikiro, nyimbo, maulamuliro, chilankhulo kapena zinenero boma malamulo.

kudziyimira pawokha National-mitundu ndi mfundo Awa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti mafuko amwazikira m'madera ambiri a dziko, ndi zosoŵa za mitundu, iwo akhoza analenga kulikonse mu dziko. Pa mtima wa lingaliro ili ndi mgwirizano wadziko ndi kuteteza chinenero, miyambo ndi wowerengeka chikhalidwe cha makhalidwe ena. Ndizimene kudziyimira pawokha chikhalidwe-national mkati la Russia.

Interethnic Cooperation Njira

Mu masiku ano latsopano la Russia, pali pafupifupi isanu ndi boma, dera, ndi za autonomies zana oposa mazana awiri a mitundu-mitundu. Mu US ndi mayiko ena a ku Ulaya, mawonekedwe imeneyi yafotokozedwera mawu yosiyaniranapo: pali mizinda yambiri national kuti tinapangidwa kuthana ndi mavuto onse okhudzidwa zokhudzana ndi chitukuko ya fuko. Komabe, mu US palibe kudziyimira pawokha dera lawo, magazini onse tatsimikiza ndi m'madera mitundu, amene amathandiza mphamvu mphamvu. New York lagawidwa kumpanda ambiri a mayiko, amene City Hall wapereka ufulu wodzilamulira. Choncho, kudziyimira pawokha pakhale ngakhale mwa mzinda womwewo. Komabe, timatha kumlingo n'chongoletsa mawu mtundu mwa anthu.

Features wa dziko dongosolo boma mu zochitika zaposachedwapa

Posachedwapa mu Russian Crimea analowa. Nanga Crimea kudziyimira pawokha? Wapadera zinthu kwagona kuti chilumba poyamba anali gawo la RSFSR ufulu wa mayunitsi wodzilamulira mu 1954 iye anasamutsidwa ku Ukraine Soviet Socialist Republic, amene nawonso, anali gawo la USSR. The Constitution otsiriza inamangidwa pa mfundo za federalism. Ngakhale yokhala, koma panali yodalirika. Utatha la Soviet Union, Crimea anakhala mbali ya Ukraine ogwirizana, zomwe inamangidwa pa maziko unitary Komabe, chilumba ali anapitiriza ufulu wodzilamulira. Pakati Kiev ndi Sevastopol akamayamba zotsutsana kwambiri, amene anafika pachimake mu 1996.

Verkhovna Rada a Ukraine anathetsa Crimea Constitution, Bungwe la Supreme makirediti mphamvu zonse, koma Kiev boma anakakamizika kuganizira anthu pachilumbachi. Choncho, zatsopano Chilamulo Basic wa Crimea, kwambiri itsekeke pang'ono ndi kudziyimira pawokha wa maphunziro chinaperekedwa mu 1998, koma udindo wa kudziyimira pawokha waliteteza. Mu 2014, kupyolera referendum Crimea anali linalanda kuti Chitaganya cha Russia, analandira boma yoyenda yokha mu nkhope ya Bungwe la Supreme ndiponso mzinda Pulezidenti, kuwonjezera, ankapoperamo palokha anali olekanitsidwa wa Sevastopol, analandira udindo wa mzinda la feduro. Ndicho chimene kudziyimira pawokha za Crimea.

Mawu akuti malamulo

Lingaliro la "kudziyimira pawokha" ntchito osati ndege ndale ndi utsogoleri, si zachilendo ndipo m'chilamulo. Kupenda mosamalitsa zimene kudziyimira pawokha phwando. Munthu kapena gulu kuganiza mapangano basi kukhala nzika za malamulo adziko lonse lapansi. Mu mau izi zikutanthauza kuti magulu ndi pangano mwagwirizana angasankhe lamulo la dziko ndi limene akupita kuti zonse unagona malamulo akuwuka pakati pawo. Mwachidule, mfundo imeneyi umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'munda wa chilamulo malonda padziko lonse. pangano kuonetsedwa mwachindunji kapena kutsatira mfundo za mgwirizano anasaina. Ngati pa zifukwa zina izo siziri, ndiye ntchito dongosolo malamulo a m'dziko limene mgwirizanowo ali pafupi paubwenzi.

Polongosola mwachidule

Zosiyanasiyana ntchito mfundo imeneyi pamoyo angathe kuchepetsa mavuto timakhala yapakati-mitundu ndi Interstate, ndi tanthauzo lake m'munda wa malamulo adziko lonse limathandiza kuti chitsitsimutso cha chuma ndipo, chotero, ubwenzi ndale pakati pa zinthu zosiyanasiyana unyinji wonse wa a moyo ndi mabungwe onse. Ndicho chimene kudziyimira pawokha mu zonse zotsutsana dziko ano.