Kulumala - ndi ... kukhazikitsidwa kwa kulumala, mndandanda wa matenda. konzanso wa anthu olumala

Chifukwa zolakwika zazikulu mu udindo labwino, munthu Opunduka amalandira udindo wa "yosagwira". Kulumala - khalidwe la munthu ndi maganizo, thupi kapena maganizo olumala, imene pali zopinga kuti ntchito yopindulitsa. zithandiza udzakhazikitsidwe mabungwe wapadera wa Kupenda mankhwala ndi chikhalidwe. Poona kuchuluka kwa matenda thanzi la kulumala anthu olumala amapatsidwa kwa ena magulu a chilema phindu limene anaika lamulo Russian Federation.

Ndondomeko kukhazikitsa

Pa maziko munthu salimbikitsa angalandire chilema? Mu Russia, ichi "nkhope ufulu kuzindikiridwa chilema", ovomerezedwa ndi RF boma mu 2006. Iwo ali dongosolo wamba kudziwa chikhalidwe. Medical bungwe komwe mtima uli anafufuza, kapena chikhalidwe chitetezo akuluakulu kupereka malangizo kwa Bureau of Medical ndi ukatswiri Social. Zinthu kudziwa chilema ndi:

1. Permanent kukanika wa thupi, amene amayamba ndi matenda, zoopsa.
2. Full kapena tsankho chiletso ntchito.
3. Kufunika zodzitetezera pa umoyo wake.

Malinga ndi zotsatira za Kupenda ndi udindo chigamulo awarding. Malinga ndi chilema matenda m'magulu. Choyamba anatumizidwa zaka 2, lachiwiri ndi lachitatu - kwa chaka chimodzi. gulu la "olumala mwana" ndi kukhazikitsa kwa zaka 18. Kukhazikitsa chilema kalekale zotheka pasanafike zaka ziwiri pambuyo koyamba udindo kutsimikiza milandu matenda, matenda a ziwalo, ndi zilema wapezeka. Komanso kalekale perekani gulu, mungathe pasanafike zaka zinai pambuyo kudutsa kumupima pa nthawi imene anatsimikizira kuti n'zosatheka kuchotsa matenda, ngakhale miyeso konzanso. Ndikaonekere zochita wa akatswiri a zachipatala ndi chikhalidwe akhoza kukhala mwezi chigamulochi. Yofunsira review mlanduwo zili mu ofesi kumene zinaoneka.

Gulu loyamba la zoletsa matenda

Mu gulu ili cha kupunduka - kwambiri anasonyeza kulephera chikhalidwe, imene munthu ayenera kuthandizidwa. I chachikulu a gulu loyamba ndi awa:

1. Complete kudalira anthu ena kudziona chisamaliro ndi kuyenda.

2. Disorientation.

3. Kulephera kulankhulana.

4. Kuchita zinthu.

Category ali m'magulu boma-A ndi B. The woyamba zikuphatikizapo anthu ndi digiri yapamwamba ya kuwonongeka thanzi, zikubweretsa kufunika kuwayang'anira nthaŵi zonse ndi chisamaliro. gulu Izi zikuphatikizapo odwala ndi ziwalo za miyendo iwiri kapena zambiri, matenda a mtima, TB aakulu ndi zotupa zilonda ndi ena.

Subgroup B zikuphatikizapo anthu ndi kudalira kwambiri pa ena ndi tsankho Kulephela kugwila ena miyambo ya kudziletsa utumiki. Category anapereka ku matenda monga anophthalmos amgwirizano, stumps wa malekezero onse m'munsi, paraplegia, okwana aphasia, aimpso kulephera grade 4 ndi ena.

Gulu lachiwiri la zoletsa matenda

Zizindikiro zazikulu anthu a gulu awa:

1. luso kudzimvera utumiki ndi kuyenda pogwiritsa ntchito njira wothandiza.

2. The luso kugwira ntchitoyo ntchito zinthu mwapadera analengedwa pa zida kuntchito, ndi ntchito zothandizira.

3. The kuti aphunzire m'masukulu apadera kapena kunyumba.

4. Ndi thandizo la anthu ena adzakhala lathu mu mlengalenga ndi nthawi.

5. luso kulankhula ntchito njira wothandiza.

6. Luso pang'ono kapena kwathunthu kulamulira khalidwe.

Pankhaniyi, olumala - ndi luso osachepera yochepa Kudzidalira pa matenda otsatirawa:

1. The yogwira mawonekedwe a chifuwa chachikulu.

2. matenda enaake mapapo.

3. Zotsatira za matenda okhudza ubongo zaka zoposa khumi mpaka kalekale.

4. kupatsidwa zina za ziwalo (patatha zaka zisanu kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala).

5. Ngozi kwa chingwe msana ndi luso mkhutu kusuntha, ndipo ena.

anthu olumala mu gulu ino srednevyrazhennoe kulemala. Nthawi zambiri mungathe kusamalira okha ndi kukhala ndi moyo ndi ufulu koma kufunika kuteteza yothandiza ndiponso kuthandiza ena. Kulumala (mndandanda wa matenda amene ali pamwambapa) amapereka mwayi kwa anthu ntchito, koma ndi udindo wa bwana ndi kulenga zinthu zapadera ntchito. Chifukwa chomasuka ntchito amapereka zina yopuma sokraschennnaya kusintha, kuchepetsa quotas linanena bungwe, tchuthi zina.

Gulu lachitatu la kulumala

Kuti akunena za zizindikiro kukhazikitsidwa kwa gulu? Pankhaniyi, ndi chilema - ndi vuto anthu, imene zinthu zotsatirazi zimapezeka:

1. Self-utumiki ndi kuyenda mothandizidwa ndi zipangizo zapadera.
2. Kuti aphunzire ndi ntchito mogwirizana ndi yapadera yophunzitsa chakudya kapena kupanga kusintha zinthu kupanga.
3. The luso lathu mu mlengalenga ndipo nthawi ntchito njira wothandiza.
4. kulankhula, mmene maola mlingo chiphaso ndi kufala kwa mfundo ndi kuchepetsa voliyumu ya kuloŵerera.

gulu la ogwira ntchito anthu, pafupi kwathunthu palokha, zomwe si kusokoneza ntchito ndi olumala. Mndandanda wa matenda:

- mafupa amphamvu a Chigaza chilema;

- onyenga anzake a mapewa kapena mkono;

- chosowa ena zala pa dzanja;

- Cult m'chiuno, miyendo, atavalanso zoteteza;

- dislocation a m'chiuno lolumikizana kwa kulephera kwa ena ntchito;

- kupindika msana wa digirii wachitatu;

- pakalibe m'mapapo wina, impso;

- extirpation za m'mimba ndi ena.

Gulu lachitatu ntchito ndipo alibe kuchepetsa mu ntchito. Kuchepetsa maola ogwilira ntchito ndi ndondomeko izo anapereka 40. ola sabata.

ana olumala

mwana A pansi 18 zimagawidwa monga "ana olumala", ngati ali wosokoneza kwambiri za moyo. Likuchitira umboni kukhazikitsidwa kwa udindo wa chipatala akhoza kukhala mlingo wosiyana. kuimilidwa Izi zinalembedwa mbiri mwana chitukuko ndi mankhwala khadi ambulatory. Documents zimatumizidwa chipatala kumene komiti zachipatala-chenjezo amakoka mapeto n'zofunika chibwereza.

Pa nthawi imene magulu anakwaniritsa kale zaka 18, anapatsidwa udindo wa "yosagwira", ndipo pa nthawi yomweyo unakhazikitsidwa kuti kuphwanya thanzi anayamba wachikulire, munthu alandira m'gulu la "wolumala kuyambira ali mwana." Pambuyo m'badwo uno wodwala wayamba kukonzanso bwinobwino kenako iye kalata chimene chidalembedwa udindo. Ngati pempho kwa akatswiri a zachipatala ndi chikhalidwe ndi nthawi yoyamba, pa zikalata kutsimikiza kuphunzira pa chikhalidwe munthu chibadwire kwa zaka 18. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti pali zingapo pathologies mu umene munthu zokwanira m'manja zikalata za matenda, komanso kalata ya Kupenda ndi ntchito Katswiri. matenda monga matenda poliyo, kobadwa nako kufupikitsa nthambi, retardation maganizo ndi ena. Udindo wa mwana olumala wapatsidwa, mosasamala kanthu za msinkhu ndi kuntchito.

Ana ndi matenda

mwana olumala amene ali pansi zaka 18 kumamukhazuka inu angapo ubwino:

1. Kwa nyengo ya masika-yophukira 50% kuchotsera pa maulendo njanji, basi mayiko ndege.
2. Ulendo uliwonse zoyendera anthu kwaulere.
3. Free mayendedwe mankhwalawa malo mu mabasi wakunja kwatawuni ndi intercity.
4. Kamodzi pachaka kuyenda kwa malo a chithandizo likuvutika ndalama za boma.
5. Kupereka nyumba mwa iwonso, pakalibe makolo kapena okuyang'anirani.
6. Mabanja ndi mwana wolumala kulandira kuchotsera osachepera 50% pa ngongole zofunikira.

Kwa mabanja amene ali ndi mwana wolumala, mabuku angapo maudindo. Ndicho - penshioni Early mayi, ndi zina zinayi tsiku mlungu, chipukuta misozi mwezi kwa childcare olumala. Pamene mwana umalandira zaka 18, amakhala ubwino akuyalidwa pansi limodzi la magulu atatu a chilema.

penshioni accrual mwana olumala

Mu 2015, iwo ankayembekezera kuonjezera chilema penshoni ndiponso amasamalidwa bwino. Choncho, ana olumala zidzakhala 1035 rubles, amene chingandithandize okwana malipiro mwezi wa 11,411.86 rubles. wolemala kuyambira ubwana, popanda nthawi anasonkhanitsa kulandira ndalama za penshoni, chikhalidwe. Makolo a ana olumala anapereka kwa mwamsanga pantchito ndi mkulu wa zaka 15, amayi, abambo - 20. Atetezi amene akulera mwana mpaka zaka eyiti, kupereka pali kuchepa mu m'badwo pantchito ndi chaka chimodzi kwa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi wa otumikira, koma osati zaka zoposa 5. malamulo lili chakudya cha kulolerana kwa nthawi kusamalira ana olumala, kapena yosagwira wa gulu loyamba la inshuwalansi ndi utali wonse wa utumiki.

kulemala. ubwino

mchikhalidwe nyumba ufulu kupereka kwa Ndondomeko ya kupereka nyumba, mbali yake, komanso ubwino kulipira ndalama zofunikira kwa gulu. Nyumba mwa iwonso anganene nzika, ndi matenda otsatirawa: yogwira TB, zotupa zilonda ndi secretions zambiri, khunyu, chilonda wa malekezero, mavuto a m'maganizo ndi exacerbations kwambiri, matumbo ndi mkodzo fistulas ndi ena. Anthu olumala ali oyenera chipinda osiyana amene n'komwe pamene boma la kusintha kwa moyo. Komanso, kwa munthu kuti ukhale malo wotanganidwa ndi iwo mu nyumba ya nyumba katundu, mu nkhani ya malo bungwe zogona.

Chilema ku Russia amapereka mwa angapo ubwino. Mwachitsanzo, mwayi otsatirawa Gulu loyamba:

1. Labor ndi penshoni chikhalidwe.
2. Free makonzedwe a mankhwala pa mankhwala.
3. Chithandizo mu zolemba zatsiku likuvutika boma.
4. Malipiro kapena malipiro a mtengo wa ndege kapena sitima matikiti.
5. Kuyenda dziko zoyendera likuvutika boma.
6. Kuchotsera kwa zofunikira, telefoni, magetsi.
7. Kutheka kupeza zina danga amoyo ali ndi matenda ena kuti kusokoneza kukhala ndi anthu ena.
8. Ngati munthu wolumala ayenera kupereka ziwalo ndi nsapato mafupa msonkhano uno ufulu.
9. Mpikisano chikuonetseratu ku masukulu ntchito.
10. Imakhala ankagwira ntchito yothandiza anthu, ndi ena.

Pakuti gulu lachiwiri la kulumala ubwino mndandanda zikuphatikizapo kusintha. Mwachitsanzo, kukhazikitsidwa kwa sabata wotsikirapo ntchito ndi malipiro zonse. Kudziwa ubwino kwa gulu lachitatu Tikutsatira angapo zina zabwino. Part wa gulu nzika ali ndi ufulu ntchito mtundu umodzi wa ubwino (monga ufulu spa chithandizo), winayo - chinachake (ufulu kuyenda ndi mabasi ndi magalimoto). Mndandanda okwana phindu kwa olumala gulu lachitatu ndi ili:

1. Wolumala kuyambira ali ana osapatsidwa msonkho katundu, amalipiritsa kulembetsa kwa anthu amene anasonyeza kuti akufuna malonda.
2. Tax wosamasula pa kugula galimoto, amene mwapadera ndinazolowera ntchito ndi anthu olumala.
3. Kuchotsera pa kugula mankhwala zotchulidwa mankhwala dokotala (ngati munthuyo chimatengedwa ngati lova).
4. Kupereka makumi atatu tchuthi ndi tchuthi zina popanda malipiro.
5. Kuchotsera pa ndalama zofunikira ndi ena.

Anthu ambiri olumala kudalira yothandiza kunyumba ofotokoza. Mwachitsanzo, kugula mankhwala, katundu, katundu, kukonza nyumba. Mndandanda wa kulemala limachititsa mukazindikira ubwino ndi ntchito kudalira anthu.

pensionable

magulu onse atatu chilema anaika oyenera kukhala penshoni, kaya zimayambitsa chikhalidwe ichi, nthawi ya inshuwalansi, kupezeka kwa ntchito.

ndi zinthu yodalirika penshioni ya olumala chiyani? Choyamba, iwo uli gulu la asilikali, anamenyela nkhondo, opita, nzika amene analandira kuvulala chifukwa cha masoka sayansi ndi radiological. Chachiwiri, kukhazikitsidwa kwa chilema boma mabungwe boma la Kupenda mankhwala ndi chikhalidwe. Chachitatu, nthawi sitampu kuvulazidwa kapena matenda. Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa penshoni asilikali kudalira ngati kuphwanya thanzi zinachitika pamene kutumikira. Kwa anthu amene akhudzidwa ndi tsoka, chofunika ndi mawerengedwe a ndalama ndi tanthauzo la kulumala.

Penshioni chilema gulu lili mitundu yambiri. Woyamba mtundu - penshoni. Iwo amagwira ntchito mu yosagwira gulu lililonse ngati ali kutalika osachepera utumiki kuntchito (ngakhale tsiku lina kungakhale). The chikhalidwe chachikulu ndi malipiro a premiums kampani. Mtundu chachiwiri - boma penshioni. Iwo amagwira ntchito gulu Great zosonyeza kukonda nkhondo, asilikali, anthu amene akukhudzidwa ndi cheza kapena zopangidwa ndi masoka. penshioni Social - ndi mtundu wachitatu wa penshioni, mlandu uliwonse ndi munthu wolumala, kaya mkulu. Malinga ndi malamulo penshioni, ngati nzika ali ndi zifukwa kulandira mitundu iwiri ya penshoni, adzachedwa analipira amene ali zikuluzikulu. Ntchito munthawi yomweyo mitundu yambiri ya malipiro ndi anthu lamanja amene alandira kuvulala mu nkhondo, ndi magulu ena.

Kutheka thandizo ku Russia

Mu dziko lathu, bungwe ndi thandizo waukulu anthu olumala. zithandiza kuti azitha kupeza phindu, mankhwala ndi Boma, njira luso kubwezeretsa, zocotsera kuyenda ndi pa nyumba, maulendo kuti pogwiritsa. Olumala Kukonza zikutanthauza ya miyeso zachilengedwe chikhalidwe ndi zosangalatsa.

Kuyambira mu 1999, dziko lili ndi "Russian Union of Anthu olumala," womwe bungwe Mabungwe osiyanasiyana, zochitika anthu. Organization "Ankanena Zokhudza Zinthu Zakuthambo" anachita kuthandiza mokwanira ufulu wa anthu olumala ndi kusintha moyo wawo. M'mizinda yambiri mu Russia pali zopezera makampani "Independent Living", amenenso kuthetsa mavuto nzika olumala. Ena makampani kupereka thandizo kwa anthu olumala. Motero, kampaniyo "Megaphone" pali tariff "Contact" kwa anthu ndi kumva impairments. Kumene, dziko lathu kutali abwino m'dera lino, koma ife tiri pa njira kupanga chilengedwe chotchinga-free mu mzinda uliwonse, ndi konzanso wa anthu olumala ndi imodzi mwa ntchito zazikulu za boma.