Kunyalanyaza Maphunziro - izi ndi ... pedagogical kunyalanyaza ana ndi achinyamata: zimayambitsa, matenda ndi chilangizo

kunyalanyaza Maphunziro - ichi ndi vuto lalikulu kuti amagwirizana ndi michira ena mu chitukuko maganizo a ana. Iwo asonyeze ngati vuto kusinthasintha kwa anthu, komanso kulankhulana ndi ena. Komabe, musaganize izi kupatuka matenda okhazikika, chifukwa iye ndi amenable ndithu kukonza.

tanthawuzo

Maphunziro kunyalanyaza - amenewa amatanthauza chikhalidwe mwanayo, yodziwika ndi kuchedwa mu chitukuko, limodzi ndi mavuto kaphatikizidwe mu chikhalidwe ndi chifundo cha mokwiya. Ana amene ali zolakwika zofanana kawirikawiri amatchedwa "zovuta" kapena "zovuta".

Mitundu ya kunyalanyaza pedagogical

kunyalanyaza Maphunziro - ndi vuto zokhudza khalidwe la mwanayo ndi anatengera ake pa anthu. N'zotheka kuonetsetsa mitundu zotsatirazi:

• Makhalidwe - chosowa mfundo za makhalidwe ndi makhalidwe abwino analandira anthu;
• Wanzeru - kupanda chidwi kuphunzira ndi kukhala kusafuna;
• Zokongoletsa - kusapezeka kwa lingaliro la kukongola komanso blurring nkhope za kukongola ndi ugliness;
• Medical - umbuli wa malamulo chiyambidwe cha ukhondo kapena kusalabadira wathunthu iwo;
• ntchito - kunyoza ntchito ndi kusafuna mbali pa ntchito chikhalidwe zothandiza.

Tikumbukenso kuti mitundu ya chiphunzitso pamwamba kunyalanyaza kumachitika onse mosiyana ndi limodzi.

The zifukwa za kunyalanyaza pedagogical

Anthu kapena mavuto ena okhudzana ndi maphunziro a ana amene samabwera kuchokera kosadziwika. Choncho, chifukwa cha kunyalanyaza pedagogical angathe kutumikira zinthu zotsatirazi:

• mphwayi pa makolo ndi anthu ena amene ali ndi ulamuliro pa mwanayo;
• zonse popanda podzudzula khalidwe la;
• pankhondo yosalekeza ndi zoipa mu banja, amene umboni ndi mwana;
• wosangalala monyanyira m'ndende kwa makolo, amene ukusandulika kulamulira okwana muzochitika zones za moyo wa mwanayo;
• zachiwawa ndi kupanda kulemekezana m'banja;
• osaphunzira ntchito aphunzitsi amene amaona kololedwa manyazi ndi mlandu mwana pamaso pa anzawo;
• kulephera kukumana ndi anzanu, komanso chipongwe ndi chipongwe mbali yawo.

Dziwani kuti ndi zinthu zina zokhudzana kunyalanyaza chikhalidwe. Pedagogical kunyalanyaza ana marginally yekha zokhudza makhalidwe awo. Ambiri, ndi chilema cha makolo ndi sukulu.

Mawonetseredwe chachikulu cha kunyalanyaza pedagogical

Social ndi maphunziro kunyalanyaza, ndithudi, ali kuwonetseredwa yake. Iwo akhoza kuvala khalidwe zotsatirazi:

• Mavuto ndi mavuto kugwirizana ndi kuphunzira, omwe angasonyeze mu ntchito osauka ndipo pang'onopang'ono kuloŵerera zambiri. Izi zikhoza kukhala chifukwa cha luso underdeveloped tsiku ndi tsiku kuti akhoza ntchito pa kuphunzira.
• Osakwanira chitukuko cha njira ngati maganizo monga kuloweza, m'maganizo, maganizo, komanso kukhala ndi makhalidwe ena chibadidwe adzadziwire aliyense chikhalidwe. M'malo mwake, exacerbations ndi makhalidwe monga kudzidalira ndi nkhondo. wosangalala ungasinthe pafupipafupi.
• Molakwika mtima wa mwana monga kwa iye ndi kwa ena. Chifukwa, kukambirana ndiponso kulankhulana ndi zovuta, kumene kumakhudza khalidwe ndi.

Mlingo wa kunyalanyaza yophunzitsa

Maphunziro kunyalanyaza - mtundu wa kupatuka, sipangakhalenso anasonyeza amakhala osiyana. Choncho, mphamvu ya zizindikiro kungakhale motere:

• Easy (zobisika) digiri amakhala ndi njira yamakono ofooka, koma chifukwa zimavuta kudziwa vuto. Nthawi zambiri kunyalanyaza akhoza kusokonezedwa ndi zachilendo kwa zaka zokhumba ndi mavuto khalidwe ina. Komanso oterewa vuto kobvuta ndi chakuti zizindikiro sangakhale okhazikika, ndipo ali ayi. Nthawi zambiri mwanayo angamasuke kwambiri m'banja, koma simungathe atengere anthu (kapena mosinthanitsa).
• Mlingo woyambilira wa maganizo amakhala ndi kuvutika. M'kupita kwa nthawi, iwo kukhala zooneka ndi wosavuta oterewa.
• digiri anasonyeza pedagogical kunyalanyaza yodziwika ndi predominance makhalidwe Mkhalidwe kachulukidwe. katundu zabwino pafupifupi sizimaoneka ngati magawo a m'mbuyomu a chitukuko, sanapeze thandizo ndi zolimba. Pa nthawi imeneyi, zimaonekeratu kuti mwana sangakhale ndi nkhani palokha ndipo kusankha zambiri.

Mfundo za diagnostics wa kunyalanyaza pedagogical

Kuti athe msanga ndi bwino kuthetsa vutoli, m'pofunika mwamsanga kuti ndi kuphunzira bwinobwino. Choncho, matenda a kunyalanyaza pedagogical pa maziko a mfundo zotsatirazi:

• Kuphunzira makhalidwe munthu ayenera idzachitika mogwirizana kwambiri ndi zinthu zambiri kunja;
• mfundo ayenera kukhala opanda tsankho ndi sayendera ubale wa anthu kwa mwana kapena banja lake;
• munthu ayenera kuphunzira osati mu mphindi ino, komanso Poyang'ana m'mbuyo, ndi luso kulosera zam'tsogolo chitukuko mtsogolo;
• Iwo ayenera kuganizira osati pamwamba kuwonekera kwa kupatuka ndi kulabadira zambiri kuti apeze zimayambitsa zimene zinachititsa kuti boma makamaka zokhudza;
• imodzi mwa mfundo zofunika kwambiri tinganene kuti otchedwa pedagogical chidaliro, umene ndi maganizo abwino kuthetsa vutoli, kaya digiri yake Kuvuta;
• ndi Luso la kafukufuku ayenera kuti ankadziwa bwino kwambiri m'munda wa zamaganizo, Chaanthu ndi pedagogy;
• kuti athetse vutoli, m'pofunika ntchito ndi mwana, osati malangizo onse, komanso pa maziko a kudzipereka kwake, amaganizira zofuna zake ndi zinthu.

Kudzudzulidwa pedagogical kunyalanyaza

kupatuka mu kukula kwa mwanayo amafuna chisamaliro nthawi yomweyo ndi zochita kukonza. Tisanayambe ntchito iliyonse, m'pofunika kudziwa matenda zinachititsa kuti zosayembekezereka wa kupatuka. Malangizo yomweyo angathe kuchitidwa monga njira zotsatirazi:

• obshchepedagogicheskoj zotsatira, chomwe pochotsa lofotokozedwa khalidwe ndi khalidwe zopindika (mantha, manyazi, mukubwadamuka zimabwezera zolakwika zina);
• njira ntchito zachindunji zophunzitsira zimene kuthandiza kuthetsa zizindikiro za kupatuka (mwachitsanzo, tics), mavuto kuphunzira ndi chitukuko (osauka mayamwidwe chuma, ndi osakwanira chiwerengero cha luso, etc.), komanso zopindika khalidwe);
• kuwukonza khalidwe ndi maganizo a dziko kuchita mwanayo ntchito yogwira;
• Kupha vuto posamutsa kuti gulu lina kapena ziŵalo ndi ntchito yophunzitsa mu panopa;
• kugwiritsa ntchito njira psychotherapeutic, zomwe ndi zochokera malingaliro, mtima, kutsirikidwa ndi psychoanalysis.

Malangizo chachikulu cha ntchito pedagogical

Pedagogical kunyalanyaza ana sayenera sizikugwiridwa. Poyamba chizindikiro cha kupatuka apeze njira amawaitana. Monga aphunzitsi ayenera ntchito pa mbali zotsatirazi:

• kupewa kuyan'anila angakwanitsire;
• kuwukonza malangizo abwino;
• ojambula okhazikika munthu mu mawonekedwe a kuyankhulana, kukambirana, kutsutsana ndi zina zotero;
• yokumba kayeseleledwe zinthu zomwe kunyamula ntchito yophunzitsa;
• mogwirizana wachangu makolo ndi achibale ake ena;
• kukopa chidwi cha mabungwe onse kuti ana zovuta;
• kuphatikizidwa wa ana ndi achinyamata anapezeka ndi kunyalanyaza maphunziro, makalasi mabungwe linalake ku maphunziro.

zodzitetezera

Monga zinachitikira matenda aakulu, wakhalidwe losalongosoka khalidwe la mwanayo ndi zosavuta kupewa kuposa kuthana ndi zotsatira zoipa. Kupewa kunyalanyaza pedagogical ayenera idzachitika mogwirizana ndi mfundo zotsatirazi:

• chifukwa cha khalidwe khalidwe la mwanayo ndi malo ake;
• ndi Kugawilidwa kwanthaka wa zinthu zabwino psyche, ndi kudalira pa iwo;
• mogwirizana pafupi wa zamaganizo ndi pedagogy.

Njira pedagogical kupewa kunyalanyaza zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu zinayi zikuluzikulu:

• umalimbana zolimbikitsa ntchito chidziwitso (kuphunzira ankasewera zolimbikitsa ndi mphoto zoyeserera yokumba);
• umalimbana bungwe gulu moyo ntchito (maphunziro ntchito, Masewero ndi ntchito chidziwitso mu gulu, kumayambiriro chinthu mpikisano);
• umalimbana mogwirizana ndi mwachindunji ndi mwana (kulankhulana ndi kusanthula amafuna ulaliki, kutsutsa zaphindu, kulenga chikhalidwe cha kukhulupirirana ndi kulemekezana);
• umalimbana zolimbikitsa ntchito (pempho, ankafuna kapena malingaliro, ukugwira pansi chitsanzo chabwino, kupanga maganizo a chikondi, chifundo, manyazi, ndi zina zotero).

anapezazo

kunyalanyaza Maphunziro - ichi ndi vuto lalikulu kuti akhoza kwambiri kulepheretsa moyo wa mwana. Mwatsoka, makolo komanso owasamalira si nthawi zonse kulabadira chifukwa imeneyi, popeza kuti mwana "kukula" pa nthawi. Komabe, nthawi zambiri vuto zikuchitika ndi kupita kwa nthawi. Mwatsoka, ngati nthawi si njira yoyenera, pedagogical kunyalanyaza mwana kapena wachinyamata angathe kukula munthu chikhalidwe oopsa. Ndi zaka, n'kovuta kwambiri kuti akonze kupatuka khalidwe ndi kuvutika maganizo.