Kupalasa njinga. kupalasa njinga Russia

Ndi palibe chinsinsi chimene munthu kupalasa ndi otchuka ndi kofunika njira zoyendera kwa ana aang'ono. Poyamba mwana udzayesera mphamvu zawo pa njinga ya magudumu atatu ndi "kavalo" ndipo ndiye kuziika awiri mawiro "wagawo", mofulumira. Anyamata kumakhaladi wapatali ndi wokondedwa chinthu, ngati si bwenzi okhulupirika sadzachitanso.

Masiku ano, mabanja ambiri amakonda kucheza nthawi yawo yonse yopuma, miyendo kunja kwa mzinda kapena dziko ndi makina awiri mawiro.

Ngati tiyang'ana pa kupalasa njinga, ndiye, ndithudi, kumafuna zonse ndi khama pazipita. Iye anaganiza mkulu mlingo wa ndende kukwaniritsa zolinga zawo. Mwachibadwa, anthu nawo kupalasa njinga mwaukadaulo, ndi osiyana ndi amene nthawi zina amakonda kukwera mofulumira pa ziwiri Wheeler.

Kupalasa njinga - ndi mpikisano, zomwe ndi mbali ya pulogalamu Olympic a mpikisano. Kodi tanthauzo la mwambo umenewu zosangalatsa zamasewera chiyani? Ndi yosavuta. M'pofunika kuphimba mtunda pa njinga mu nthawi yochepa.

mbiri

Kupalasa njinga anayamba kupangidwa, chifukwa monga momwe wakhala anapanga galimoto ziwiri matayala.

Kwa nthawi yoyamba munthu adakhalapo kumbuyo Utsogoleri wake gudumu ndi cholinga mpikisano liwiro wachitatu loyamba la m'ma XIX. Patapita nthawi patsogolo mawilo a njinga ndodo polumikiza zinapangidwa kwambiri anali akweza. Mu theka lachiwiri la m'ma XIX, gulu la anali okonzeka ndi galimoto unyolo ndi zaka zocepa anaonekera mu malo matayala pneumatic mphira.

Mu 1869, a kumalo a mwambo woyamba zamasewera, amene njira anathamanga pakati Paris ndi Rouen unapangidwa bungwe. Mtunda pakati pa mizinda anali makilomita 120. malo oyamba mu mpikisano anali amaitcha kuti Briton Moore: anatha kukhala liwiro la makilomita mpaka 11 pa ola limodzi.

The kupalasa njinga Russian anaonekera mu July 1883. Ndiye anakonza mpikisano wina wa racecourses matauni. Ndi chiyambi cha XX m'ma m'dziko athu unakhazikitsidwa zibonga oposa khumi ndi awiri amene anthu anali zikwi njinga. Iwo samangokhala nawo mpikisano, koma anathandizanso mu bungwe lawo.

Mu 1918, mpikisano unachitikira, wopambana umene analemekeza ufulu kuvala mutu wa ngwazi ya RSFSR lapansi. Iye anayenera kungowasiya Aisiraeliwo sportsmen Boysher M. ndi F. mbedza. Kenako, Soviet Union anayamba mwadongosolo bungwe mpikisano kupalasa njinga. Komatu mu 50s pakati, othamanga athu anatha nawo Championship dziko, limene linali ndi chiwiri.

Tikumbukenso kuti mayiko cyclisme Union unakhazikitsidwa mu 1900. Mu dongosolo ili linali gawo la mlingo wa mayiko kwakung'ono cyclisme Federation (FIAC), komanso chitaganya cha mpira mlingo wa mayiko (FIKP). Mu 1993, kuli osiyana mabungwe awa ankaona nzeru, choncho anaganiza kuphatikiza iwo mu cyclisme Union International, imene inali federations 160.

Kusiyana kupalasa njinga

Tikumbukenso kuti kupalasa njinga zimagawidwa m'magulu angapo mitundu, malingana ndi njira imene chochitika umayendetsedwa.

Racers akhoza kupanga ndinagonjetsa, osati pa lathyathyathya ndi yosalala pamwamba kumakhala liwiro, komanso pa mtunda waukali ndiponso lamapiri. Lero Russian kupalasa njinga akukumana ndi "mphepo ya chiwiri" monga dziko wolembedwa ndi chidwi chodziwa osati kwa mpikisanowu pa msewu ndi Sprint, komanso velopolo ndi mkombero mpira.

Choncho, tiyeni akukhala pa Mitundu ina ya kupalasa njinga.

Road mpikisano

Pamzere olondola nthawi zambiri makamu kupikisana ndi okonda yenda momyata amene amakonda kukwera njinga? Highway, kumene. Mtundu wa mpikisano umakhala chiyambi ambiri. An wothamanga amene mitanda mpikisanowu woyamba, ndipo kutchulidwa kumsasa. Distance amuna ndi 239 Km, ndi akazi - 120 Km. Mu njira ya zinthu operekedwa kumene othamanga akhoza mupumule pang'ono: kumwa madzi kapena kudya sangweji. Okwera limodzi ndi gulu la luso thandizo, amene ali wokonzeka kuthandiza m'malo zowonongeka gudumu kapena kupereka galimoto latsopano, ngati n'koyenera.

Ndipo, ndithudi, ambiri masewera mafani akudziwa kuti pa Italy m'chilimwe kawirikawiri imayamba msewu mkombero mtundu Giro. 2014 anali nazonso umenewu zosangalatsa zamasewera.

Iwo ndi ofanana ndi "ulendo de France", bungwe mkonzi wake wotchuka wa Nyuzipepala ya ku Italy Gazzetta dello Sport.

ndinagonjetsa

mpikisano uwu unachitika mu zipolopolo zitatu, ndipo atengedwa mu zizindikiro nkhani, kupenyetsetsa mamita 200 lomaliza. Komanso, othamanga adzalimbirana mu wozungulira (mndandanda pamwamba atatu), pamene okwera awiri kutsatira wina ndi mzake. Wopambana ndiye woyamba kufika pamzere womaliza.

Mtundu mfundo

Cholinga cha wothamanga ndi kupeza mfundo pazipita pa mtunda wa 40km amuna ndi 25km kwa akazi. Ndi chiyambi cha analola mopanda malire njinga. Pambuyo kugonjetsa wozungulira woyamba mwa akatswiri khama kuganizira mayendedwe wapakatikati, ndi chifukwa kuti mfundo mayeso ali movutikira. Pa nthawi yomweyo iwo amaitcha njinga anayi okha amene choyamba pamzere womaliza pa m'matumba 10. Kugoletsa mfundo ili: 1 Mfundo - malo chachinayi, 2 mfundo - malo lachitatu, mfundo 3 - malo chachiwiri, 5 mfundo - zoyambirira.

Pambuyo othamanga asiye mtunda, wopambana anatsimikiza: iye ndi amene anamupeza wokwera lomaliza gulu lalikulu mwa bwalo. Komanso, akatswiri amenewa angakhale awiri, atatu, kapena anayi. Pankhaniyi, ngwazi ndi wapezeka pa maziko a munthu amene yagoletsa mfundo kwambiri.

phiri kupalasa

Kupalasa njinga Russia, monganso mayiko ena, unapangidwa pang'onopang'ono: choyamba, mtundu panjira, anayamba kuchita mpikisanowu pa njirayo, ndipo kokha mu 50s wa atumwi wotsiriza, anthu ena anayesa panjinga mu okwera. Mountain kupalasa, phiri kupalasa wotchedwa ngakhale lero imatengedwa ndi akatswiri monga imodzi imene wotchuka yopuma, ndi siketing'i pa izo - umachititsa wamng'ono.

Tikumbukenso kuti galimoto awiri mawiro ndi mwapadera kwa galimoto mu mapiri, modernized chaka chilichonse, omwe si njinga muyezo msewu, limene kwa zaka pafupifupi sanasinthe kwambiri.

Mu 1990, phiri kupalasa walandira chilolezo cha boma ku mayiko cyclisme Union.