Kuphunzira madera: Kodi Derbent?

Caspian Derbent, umodzi mwa mizinda wokongola kwambiri ndipo wakale wa North Caucasus. Kodi Derbent, imene dziko dera Caspian mukhoza amasirira UNESCO World Heritage Site, wotchuka zomangamanga mafotokozedwe ndi zaka 5000? M'tauni yaing'ono, wazunguliridwa ndi masiku ambiri dzuwa, mphepo nyanja, nyanja ofunda ndi zinsinsi zaka zakubadwa, amasunga maonekedwe ake onse wapadera.

Geography ndi nyengo

Tauni imeneyi ili nthano zakale ku Republic of Dagestan la Chitaganya cha Russia. Ali Derbent - pali malo lotseguka aakulu akumadzulo Caspian ndi Caucasus m'mapiri pita kunyanja, kuzimata mmwamba kwambiri kum'mwera Russian mzinda wa kukongola wowoneka bwino. A m'mudzi waung'ono ndi mbiri waukulu amaima pakati pa mapiri ndi nyanja, kupezeka alendo ochokera kum'mawa, anawatsatira kumadzulo. The wofatsa nyengo, ofunda nyanja, velvety mchenga kukopa alendo ochokera m'dziko lonselo kuti agwera mu chitonthozo cha woyendera nthambi kotentha.

Steppe Derbent - wouma June ndi yonyowa October, August yotentha ndi pafupifupi ozizira January (-1S). A amadza yaikulu mumzinda zizindikiro nyengo ndi ya Caspian. Dzinja lili yaitali ndi otentha, m'dzinja ndi wautali, ndipo nyengo wofatsa ndi waufupi. The nyengo ofunda mumzinda kumatenga miyezi 9, mvula ukufika 260 mm, amene ali ndi ubwino nyengo ya tchuthi cha m'mudzi.

Mbiri ya m'mudzi

Ndi kuthetsa yoyamba m'gawo la Derbent, anaonekera za 5000 zikwi zapitazo. ukalamba si anawonongedwa ndi kuwapukuta pa mapu Caspian mzinda, ndipo kokha kuwonjezera kutchuka, ulemu ndi mtundu. Ndi kuthetsa wamkulu wa boma kwa zaka anatumikira monga linga kudziteteza anthu a Caucasus, amawateteza ku matenda a wongosamukasamuka. Kufunika njira za malinga lalikulu anali athandizira mu zipata za Asia Minor.

tidbit Izi amafuna kutenga Roma, Byzantium, Iran, ndi Arab Caliphate ndi Zolotaya Orda, ndi sultans Turkey ndi akazembe Selcuk. Caspian Gates, iwo adachemera m'zaka V, mzinda wa Derbent. Kodi chitetezo cha citadel Naryn-Kala, chinatseguka kusintha pakati pa Asia ndi ku Ulaya pa njira ya silika Road. Panali akonzedwa mfundo za malipiro ndimeyi pamtunda. Chotero malo abwino chinathandiza chitukuko ndi kutembenukira mumzindamo pakati yaikulu ya Western Caucasus.

zokopa Derbent

Mbiri yakale ya ku achisangalalo mwanyanja wakhala anasonkhanitsa zipilala ambiri chodabwitsa kuti kuyendera pano, ine ndikufuna kubwereza kuonera zimene anaona. Yapadera chachikulu cha m'dera limene Derbent ndi mpanda chakale Naryn-Kala, omwe ali mbali ya citadel lapansi.

Kapangidwe kamangidwe ka nsanja m'mbali mwa mapiri wamphamvu malinga mwala, ngati kusonyeza kufunika ndi cholinga njira. Mpanda 10-mita kutalika alimbane ndi midadada yaikulu mwala ziwiri mita makulidwe. Polowera ku mzinda wa amalonda ndi amalonda, njira imene inali kumadzulo, anatsegula zipata 14. Onse a iwo anali nalo dzina lawo ndi cholinga, chosiyana ndi zizindikiro mapulani ndiponso kutsegula nthawi, kotero Derbent ndi anamasuliridwa kuti "chipata zokhoma."

Kachisi zazikulu ndi kachisi wa Asilamu wa Dagestan - Juma Mosque. zaka zoposa 1000 achipembedzo mapulani chipilala umabweretsa pamodzi oimira onse Islam. Pa m'gawo lake pali seminare Muslim ndi pogona. Kukometsera kachisi wa ngodya zinai za mkuyu wakale, mzikiti wobisa ku kutentha yotentha dzuwa. Kachisi kumangidwanso bwereza pambuyo chivomezi chachikulu, zomwe zinachitika zaka 700 zapitazo, chifukwa cha khama la anthu okhulupirika. Today Juma wotchuka ndi kupezeka. Makulidwe a mipingo yaikulu osati mu mzinda komanso dziko. Lachisanu Mosque ndi chofunika kwambiri mu dziko kumene Derbent.

Zosangalatsa

Misewu Caspian citadel wobiriwira ndi kulandiridwa, apa bwino ndipo kukula walnuts, mandimu, nkhuyu ndi makangaza. mzinda ndi akale kwambiri mitengo ya zipatso ndi akasupe, ndi gombe mu mchenga veleveti ndi phokoso mafunde. Beach m'dera "mphepo" akuoneka aukhondo, ali ndi zomangamanga otukuka. magombe Private kukopa alendo ndi alendo Derbent kwambiri kuposa mzinda - pafupi hotelo, kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu gombe m'gulu malipirowo. Nyanja ndi ansangala, ndipo madzi kuziziritsa kwa chaka ndiribe nthawi.

Derbent, ndilo yotentha gombe dziko, wonyada ndi wokongola nsonga ya Caucasus. Pambuyo kuyendera mzinda, onetsetsani kupita ku mapiri. Kukongola otsetsereka a Caucasus ndi Mpweya ozizira zimalepheretsa inu kuchokera kutentha kwa gombe. Nthawi yabwino phiri kuyenda - July-August, pamene nyengo ndi kunong'oneza chabe akuyitana msewu.

Losaiwalika adzakhala kuyendera mabungwe chikhalidwe mzindawo. Mwa iwo Museum ya Nature Protection waima, mbiri yakale, kamangidwe, luso wamng'ono kwambiri - mbiri ya anthu ndi zipembedzo dziko. Panali osati nkhani yonse, koma njira ya moyo, miyambo, zikhulupiriro.

mfundo zosangalatsa

• Location ndi yaying'ono kuti alibe magawano mu zigawo.
• mzinda Caspian woyamba mu dziko anayamba kutulutsa pepala, sopo ndi silika nsalu.
• Mipanda City - underrated mapulani cholowa cha anthu a Caucasus. M'gulu la UNESCO World Heritage List.
• Athanasius Nikitin, anatsegula njira dziko India, anakhala pa Naryn-Kala.
• Gawo la mzinda wa Derbent, pamene mbali mwa nyanja, mabodza pansi pa nyanja ndi chizindikiro mamita -18.