Machine mfuti Goryunova: mbali ndi chithunzi

7.62mm Goryunov (SG 43) ndi Soviet makina mfuti yaing'ono basi chida chitsanzo 1943 wokwera pa makina matayala, swivels ndi magalimoto oti muli nazo zida.

Kodi m'malo "limakhulupirira"?

Ndi chiyambi cha nkhondo yachiwiri ya padziko lonse vuto la zida za oyenda thandizo battalion mlingo - makina mfuti - sanali kuthetsedwa. "Limakhulupirira" ataima pa mikono ya Red Army anali ndi zolephera zingapo kwambiri, kugonjetsa kuti sikunali kotheka. Amene chachikulu chinali chosangalatsa kulemera makina mfuti - .. zithetsedwe, mwachitsanzo wodzazidwa ndi madzi ndi mlandu, kulemera kwake kunali makilogalamu 63. Musati kuwonjezera maofesi madzi kuzirala ndi "limakhulupirira", kodi kupeza madzi nkhondo zimavuta, mwinanso kosatheka. Komanso, zidutswa ndi zipolopolo mosavuta kuonongeka casing, moti unusable.

mapulani koyamba m'malo mfuti ya makina "limakhulupirira" DS 39 chitsanzo akuyendera sanali, T. Kwa. Chida anali ndizovuta kupanga ndi ntchito, wosadalirika pa otsika kutentha ndi fumbi. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, a DC-39 anali kudzipatula kumsika.

kusinthidwa SHG

Mu May 1942, anayamba dongosolo latsopano mfuti 7.62 ndi mamilimita katiriji. Pali imathandiza SHG, umene 1940 bwinobwino mayeso pa fakitale.

Goryunov makina mfuti anayamba kupanga pa Kovrov Mawotchi Bzalani Peter Maksimovich Goryunov, mzukulu wake Michael, komanso katswiri Vasiliem Voronkovym mbewu. Makalata woyamba wa mayina - SHG - ndipo anapatsidwa dzina zida.

Koma Red Army adamfunsa easel njira ndi Goryunov mfuti atengere ntchito yatsopano.

mayesero bwino

Nditamaliza mayesero fakitale kumapeto kwa 1942 ndi Baibulo akweza anapangidwa mu kuchuluka zidutswa 50, 45 amene adatumizidwa kwa asilikali. Zotsatira linali positive. Pambuyo pochotsa ndemanga ndi kumalephera anazindikiritsidwa mu kasupe mochedwa 1943 mfuti Goryunov anachita nawo ku boma kuyezetsa. The mpikisano waukulu wa SHG anali akweza DC-43, komanso zida chopangidwa mu Germany, ngati njira kwa limasinthira mwakhama German MG 34 chambered chifukwa cha Mosin mfuti ndi umwana wake wotsatira ndi Red Army. Komabe, zinadziwika kuti Soviet mfuti katiriji ntchito izo sizingakhale chifukwa kukhalapo kwa mlomo wa. Machine mfuti Goryunova kuposa mobwerezabwereza anagwira zitsanzo ndi LT-43 Pakuti magawo ngati ovuta monga durability ndi olondola.

Pambuyo kudziwana ndi zotsatira za mayeso Degtyaryov Stalin panokha otsimikiza chapamwamba mwa chitsanzo Goryunov, ndi kufunika kutenga izo pa bolodi. Komanso, mlengi walenga pampikisano kwa makina atsopano, amene anayamba kupangidwa ndi chida latsopano.

Start kupanga

14.05.43, boma Committee silikhali anaganiza kutengera Goryunova mfuti (chithunzi anapatsidwa m'nkhani) ndi makina gudumu. Kupanga ake pa Kovrov mawotchi mbewu miyezi iwiri ndi theka, Dipatimenti osiyana inamangidwa. M'dzinja 1943 mtanda woyamba zida zinachitikadi, ndipo chaka chamawa, nkhani anali kukodzedwa mphamvu Zlatoust mbewu №54.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, kutukula ndi Garanin Seleznev pulani ya matayala makina osavuta, kupereka ntchito yabwino pamene ntchito mu mavuto ambiri.

Okwana mpaka mapeto a nkhondo izo zinalengedwa ndi kuperekedwa oposa 80 zikwi Red Army mfuti Goryunov.

Mfundo ntchito

The mphamvu mfuti chopopera mpweya ntchito, njira allocated kwa brainstem lapansi. Letsani otsiriza anapanga dzanja lamanja chipata misalignment.

Pa kuwombera otaya mpweya chopopera anafa kunam'sintha mwa kutsegula tsinde mu chipinda mpweya ndi makina pa pisitoni amene retracts wathandizidwa chonyamulira. shutter sizimawasuntha kwa mphindi chipolopolo kuchoka kutchinga thunthu ndi kuteteza malowedwe a mpweya mu bokosi.

Pambuyo chipolopolo zouluka kuchokera mbiya, mbali yoyamikira makina mfuti akupitiriza kusuntha m'mbuyo, compressing kasupe. Ndiye shutter tsinde chimatsegula njira; Iwo yotengedwa zapamadzi chipinda. The zipolopolo kotunga chitsulo kapena chinsalu lamba akulowa thunthu bokosi zenera. Kuyambira Pali ejected katiriji. Ndi limagwirira Wopanda akupezeka riboni makatiriji chakudya wolandila ndi chivindikiro kulumikizidwa, mofulumira overcharging.

Ngati mbedza ndi mbamuikha shutter, chipata chimango pansi masika iri yofulumira patsogolo popanda otsala mu malo rearmost. Shutter amakankhira kwa katiriji kunja kwa bokosi zenera ndi tsinde tidzakwatulidwa anatumiza mu m'chipinda. Kupita mbali kufika malire malo; midadada vavu tsinde njira. The protrusion chapamwamba bawuti ali wopha munthu, wobala kuwombera chosinthika ndi sear lapansi. Ndiye ndondomeko akubwerezedwa.

Recharge chogwirira mutuluka kuchokera pansi ndodo kulamulira ndi pamene kuwombera amakhalabe n'kupuma.

Kusintha mfuti zoopsa ikuchitika zitatu malo mpweya yang'anira. Air kuzirala 500 amalola kubala akatemera yothandizira kuwombera. Mu mode wabwinobwino, kuwombera zichitike bursts yochepa kuti akatemera 30. Goryunova makina mfuti SG 43 ali mlingo likuomba cha 250-300 zipolopolo / miniti. Mosinthana mbiya ndi kung'anima hider ali ndi chogwirira kuti mosavuta kuti anyamule ndipo m'malo, zomwe si upambana 7-8.

Yobweretsa zipolopolo

Kuwombera anachita ndi zipolopolo arr. 1908 ndi 1930., Amene kusunga mphamvu wotseka wa nthawi zonse ndege pa mtunda wa 3800 m. The mphamvu ya chipolopolo zitsulo mu 1908 ndi wofanana 3511 J ndi 1930 monga 3776 J. Chakudya anapangidwa kuchokera maliboni zitsulo 250 makatiriji (5 × 50 ) lembani DS 39 kapena chinsalu ku "limakhulupirira" ma PC 200. ndi okwanira bwino. Ngakhale mtengo mkulu chakudya nthawi zina limodzi ndi liners yopingasa yopuma, zidzachitika zambiri kamodzikamodzi kuposa makina mfuti Degtyarev.

dongosolo malangizo

Zowoneka SG 43 monga chikwapu kuwuluka ndi pepala kuona. Yotsirizira zikuphatikizapo m'munsi achepetsa kwa chimango lonse, ndi masika. Pa chimango mamba awiri chagwiritsidwa. Kumanzereku anaikira makatiriji ndi zipolopolo mu 1908 ndipo walola kuti inu mukhale kutali kwa 2 M. thous. Zinaperekedwa mwa kalata "L" ndi manambala 0-20. Kumanja lonse ndi chipolopolo katiriji ndi Mr ndi 1930 amalola anapereka mtunda 2.3 zikwi. M. Idanenedwa ndi kalata "T" ndi manambala 0-23. Pa nsanamira ntchito chiopsezo. Kukhazikitsa kumbuyo kwa achepetsa pa mbali zonse za ngozi yaikulu ndi zimagawanitsa asanu kusinthidwa lateral. chizindikiro chimodzi limafanana masauzande osiyanasiyana.

Machine mfuti dongosolo Goryunova ndi calibrated ndi kuwombera ndi nakonza kuti 4. yopingasa mzere calibration chandamale, komanso wakuda rectangle kukula 20x30 masentimita chishango woyera 1x1 m. Osiyanasiyana anapereka 100 m, maso yakwera kumanzere lonse 3 ndi makatiriji ntchito ndi chipolopolo kuwala.

pamaso odana ndege

Zolinga mu mlengalenga ndi kuyang'aniridwa kudzera zina akonzeratu "Gorunov" pachimake-limagwirizana crosshair, masamu pa zinthu mpweya pa mtunda wa osapitirira 1 kilometre, amene kuyenda pa liwiro la choposa 600 Km / h. Ataona ali kutsogolo ndi kumbuyo viewfinders ndipo m'munsi. kutsogolo wapangidwa ndi mphete zinayi concentric wa utali wozungulira wa 20-80 mm increments wa 20 mm, cholinga cha ndilo kusankha chisanadze emption. Komanso, pakati lili pamaso mphete amene akutumikira kwa kolowera ndi chikombole. kumbuyo wapangidwa ya mpira wononga ndi kutseka calibration kumbali. Khalidwe ndi osiyana ndi a maso ndi unsembe wa reticles awiri pa chimango ndi, kulumikiza iwo mu dongosolo lililonse limene amapereka mosalekeza wa limalowera: zikhoza mobwerezabwereza kuchotsedwa, apangidwe ndi anaika popanda kusokoneza zoikamo.

Gwiritsani anamenyana

Goryunov makina mfuti analowa utumiki m'chaka cha 1943. Mu oyenda battalions wa chida analowa Kuchiyambi kwa chilimwe chaka chomwecho. Icho chinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito kugunda magulu lotseguka la asilikali ndi zida za moto mdani akutali kwa 1 Km.

Bwino "Goryunov" polimba mapeto a nkhondo chifukwa kulemera kwake kuyere: ndi 6.5 makilogalamu opepuka kuposa "limakhulupirira", pa crawler makina - 25 kg.

Pambuyo World nkhondo II makina mfuti anali akweza ndi anadzatchedwa SGM (ndi "M" - modernized). Zakhala bwino kuteteza dongosolo ku fumbi ndi kuziziritsa mbiya, ndi chipata chatsopano anakhazikitsidwa. Panali thanki zosinthika SGMT.

Features Ofunika

Waukulu magawo mfuti ndi:

• Kulemera kwake: 13.5 kg.
• Machine kulemera: 23,4 makilogalamu.
• Utali: 1140 mm.
• Mbiya kutalika: 720 mm.
• Yowotcha osiyanasiyana (L / T): 2000/2300 m.
• Kuipanikiza mathamangidwe (L / T) X 865/800 m / s.
• Mlingo wa moto: 700 zipolopolo / mphindi
• Mlingo: Max. zipolopolo 350 / min.

SG 43 inkatumizidwa ambiri, kutipatsa ziphatso kupanga izo m'mayiko ambiri. Mu China "Gorunov" anapangidwa pansi pa dzina Mtundu 53, Czechoslovakia - onse Vz 43, Poland (Wz 43) ndi South Africa (SS 77).