Kupsyinjika kwa impso. Zizindikiro ndi matenda a matenda

Kupsyinjika kwa impso, zizindikiro zomwe zimapangidwa ndi zifukwa zambiri, ndizomwe zimayambitsa matenda oopsa omwe amayamba chifukwa cha matenda a nsomba za parenchyma kapena mitsuko ya impso. Pafupifupi 30-35% mwa anthu omwe akudwala matenda oopsa kwambiri amakhala ndi matenda a impso, chifukwa cha kuwonjezeka kwapanikizika, chifukwa nthawi zambiri mavuto ndi impso zimagwirizana.

Ntherogenic yowonjezera matenda imagawidwa mu mitundu iwiri: zamoyo zam'mimba ndi zowopsya ndipo zonsezi zimakhudza vuto la chiwindi. Zizindikiro zimakhala zovuta kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri zimalakwika chifukwa cha matenda ena. Matenda a hypertension amayamba chifukwa cha kusagwirizana kwapadera kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pazitsulo, kuphatikizapo nthambi zake. Kuthamanga kwa magazi kungapangidwe konse komanso kosawerengeka. Matendawa amayamba chifukwa cha matenda aakulu a pyelonephritis kapena matenda ena a impso monga: nephrolithiasis (impso miyala), chifuwa chachikulu, chifuwa chachikulu, cysts, hydronephrosis, polycystosis ndi matenda ena ambiri.

Pafupipafupi, matenda oopsa kwambiri amapezeka mu 5-12% a anthu omwe akudwala matenda oopsa. Pali zifukwa zingapo zomwe zimayambitsa matenda opatsirana, zomwe zimaphatikizapo: aneurysm, dysplasia ndi zovuta zina zapangidwe ka mitsempha ya nthendayi, arteriovenous fistula. Zina mwa zifukwa zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi matenda a hypertension zimakhala zozindikiritsa: stenosis ya mitsempha ya nsana pambuyo poti matenda a atherosclerosis, kusintha kwa mitsempha ya nthendayi chifukwa cha nephroptosis yowonjezereka, embolism kapena thrombosis ya mitsempha yamphongo kapena nthambi zake, kupweteka kwa m'mimba, kupweteka kwa mitsempha ya kunja kwa thupi (zotupa, Zikatero).

Zizindikiro ndi mawonetseredwe opatsirana a matenda opatsirana kwambiri

Vuto lapachipatala likuchitika pakati pa mitundu yonse ya zaka, koma nthawi zambiri amapezeka mwa anthu oposa 50 (93% mwazochitika zonse). Chotupa chodziwika kwambiri cha mitsempha yotchedwa renal ndi atherosclerotic sclerosis. Matendawa amapezeka pakati pa amuna azaka 35 mpaka 40. Kwa amayi, chinthu chachikulu chomwe chimapangitsa kuti matendawa apitirire ndi matenda a fibromuscular stereosis a mitsempha yamphongo ndipo imapezeka pakati pa atsikana aang'ono.

Kupsyinjika kwa impso, zizindikiro zomwe zimadziwika mwadzidzidzi komanso mofulumira (nthawi zambiri zowawa, mu 18-30% ya milandu). Kuthamanga kwa magazi kumaphatikizidwa ndi msinkhu waukulu wa diastolic (110-125 mm Hg ndi zina); Kawirikawiri pali vuto. Amadziwika ngati matenda opatsirana mofulumira kwambiri nthawi zambiri mwadzidzidzi.

Zofufuza

Kuti muzindikire kukhalapo kwa matenda a hypertension, muyenera kuchita magawo atatu a phunzirolo. Gawo loyambalo limatsimikizira kufunikira kokhala ndi zojambulajambula. Pachifukwachi, anamnesis amasonkhanitsidwa bwino, njira zina zamakono zofufuzira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mu anamnesis, nthawi zambiri alibe kusowa kwachilombo cha matendawa, kuwoneka kwa matenda oopsa kwambiri pambuyo pa ululu ku dera la lumbar. Kupanikizika kwa mphuno, zizindikiro zomwe zimakhala zovuta nthawi zonse, zimakhala zovuta kuti zipeze ndipo zimafuna kuchipatala nthawi yomweyo.

Gawo lachiwiri likuphatikizapo kupanga zojambula bwino ndi arteriography a impso ndipo, ngati kusintha kwa impso kukudziwika, magazi ochokera m'mitsempha yowonongeka amasonkhanitsidwa. Magazi amaphunziridwa ntchito mu pulama la pulasitiki m'gawo lotsatira lachidziwitso.

Gawo lomalizira la kufufuza ndi kuyesa kukhazikitsa kudalira kwa matenda oopsa a magazi pamasinthidwe omwe amavumbulutsidwa mu njira yamagetsi. Pofuna kutsimikizira izi, njira zowonjezera mafilimu, zolemba zowonongeka ndi kuphunzira za ntchito zapadera zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Pa 8-10% mwa milandu, odwala amakhala ndi mphamvu zowonjezera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti matenda a impso omwe akukhudzidwa asokonezeke.

Chithandizo

Kupanikizidwa kwa mphuno, omwe njira zawo zothetsera vutoli zimangoyambitsa vuto lalikulu, ziyenera kukonzedwa mothandizidwa ndi ntchito yothandizira, yomwe cholinga chake ndi kubwezeretsa kugawidwa kwakukulu kwa mitsempha yambiri.