Kuteteza Leningrad Museum: kusunga mbiri kalekale m'mibadwo yanu

Mamiliyoni umboni zoopsa zaka za mzinda anazinga ndi nkhondo aukali yomasulira Leningrad, tsopano akuimira mu malo ambiri chikumbutso. Koma malo wapadera pakati pa zisudzo losaiwalika wakhala chitetezo cha Leningrad Museum. Ankakhala mu gawo la mbiriyakale ya St. Petersburg, pa Solyanoi Alley, nthawi zonse, anatenga zikwi alendo.

Atsogoleri kuchititsa gulu maholo, kuwauza za magawo onse a chitetezo ndi kumasula Leningrad, za mtima wa anthu ake mwa mawu a njala, ndi imfa.

Salt Town - Maphunziro Center wa Leningrad

Kotala Salt Town mu m'ma XIX ankadziwika kuti aliyense Petersburger ngati likulu la chikhalidwe chawo ndi maphunziro. Apa, mu nyumba ya zakale zingapo, nthawi zonse unachitikira chionetsero cha zipambano za umisiri ndi kupanga. Ndi XX atumwi ku chionetsero zovuta, amene lero m'nyumba ya Museum of Kuteteza Leningrad, ife tagwira ntchito ulimi, Chotsimikizika, luso, nkhondo ndi m'mamyuziyamu maphunziro ndi Russian zaumisiri Society. Choncho, funso lokhudza malo a chionetsero choyamba anadzipereka kwa chitetezo cha Leningrad, ngakhale takambirana.

Chionetsero yoyamba mu zaka za nkhondo

Mu December 1943, pamene anamusiya ali mwezi pamaso zochotsa wathunthu wa anatseka misewu, ndi utsogoleri wa Leningrad Front, anaganiza pa kukonzekera ndi kutsegula kwa chionetsero "Kutetezedwa amunamuna wa Leningrad". bwaloli atsimikiza kudziwika kwa Salt Town onse. The chikondwerero kutsegula mwambo chionetserocho zinachitika pa mapeto a April 1944.

The lonse chionetserocho anali lalikulu kuti okonza amayenera kugwiritsa ntchito malo a nyumba zitatu inakula, yomwe ili pa embankment wa Fontanka Street. Gangut ndi Alley hydrochloric.

The ntchito aluso ndi mapulani mu nkhondo amene anali wokhoza bwino molondola kusonyeza magawo onse a chitetezo ndi kumasula Leningrad, sankawabisira mphoto boma. Ndinakumana bwino inali chabe zidzasintha. Only kwa miyezi 6 yoyambirira chionetsero chinaoneka ndi anthu oposa 200 zikwi: ophunzira, ogwira ntchito kufakitale, asilikali ndi aliyense amene anabwerera kuchokera kuthawa.

mzinda wapeza owonetsera zakale latsopano

Pa tsiku la madyerero a tsiku lachiwiri la zochotsa anatseka misewu, mu January 1946, chionetserocho anapatsidwa udindo lovomerezeka ndi dzina la chitetezo cha Leningrad Museum. Photos, zithunzi akazembe, zida ndi yunifolomu ya asilikali, zinthu za moyo ankhondo ndi umboni lowopsya la moyo wa njala mzinda ndi zinthu zonyoza zimayenda Wofotokozera Nazi odalirika ndi terrifyingly woona. Zipinda anagawanika pankhaniyi: nkhondo pa malire, nkhani ya "Road a Moyo", ndi lodziwika bwino yojambula wa anatseka misewu, ndi ntchito chosadzikonda cha anthu ogwira ntchito kufakitale, mfundo chakudya kwa anthu. Ambiri a zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho panthawi ya nkhondo anatitumiza kuti m'nyumbayi wa anthu Leningrad, koma kukhudzana ndi olemera yamtendere. Nkhondo itatha, ophunzira kupulumuka nkhondo ya Leningrad anasiya mbiri m'buku la alendo nyumbayi, kumene iwo anasiya mawu oyamikira kudalilika ndi kukumbukira masiku awo aakulu.

Mbiri ya m'nyumbayi pambuyo pa nkhondo

Kuteteza Leningrad Museum mu zaka unawonongedwa kakusintha angapo kukonzanso kufotokoza, ndipo mu 1953, pa review mfundo za chokana ambiri ankhondo ndi andale ndi atsogoleri osiyanasiyana, nyumbayi chinatsekedwa ndipo katundu wake umasamutsidwa ku State Museum wa History wa Leningrad.

Museum la Kubadwa Kwatsopano kanthu a anatseka misewu ndi nkhondo anamenyela, opulumuka nkhanza anatseka misewu nthawi ndi kukumbukira chitetezo cha Leningrad Museum. Ganizo anthu ambiri amapereka mwa atolankhani, ndi mu September 1989 mbiri ya chikumbukiro Leningrad muli ndi moyo watsopano. Tsopano, nyumbayi anafunsa latsopano vuto - kubwerera kwa malo ndi zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho. Ndi 1995, izo kachiwiri anatsegula okhazikika kufotokoza, kukonzanso anasonkhanitsa wapadera satifiketi asilikali ndipo analandira udindo wa anatseka misewu ya Leningrad Museum.

Koma lero m'dera la nyumbayi zambiri wolephera zipinda za chionetsero cha zaka unawonongedwa. Wa 40,000 sq. m. The chionetsero tsopano anabwerera pang'ono kuposa zikwi. Ntchito kubwezeretsa zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho ndi Archive zopelekedwa wochititsidwa mosalekeza, ndipo ambiri a zinaonetsedwa pa chionetserocho, nthawiyina "atabwerera" m'mamyuziyamu zina, anabwerera ku St. Petersburg. Anatseka misewu ya Leningrad Museum akuyembekezerabe yankho ku vuto la kukula kwa malo chionetsero.

Kusunga kukumbukira zakale

Kupitiriza kwa mibadwo mu kulandirana kukumbukira mavuto a mzinda nkhondo tsopano zimadalira zotsalira za zowonera lapansi. Achinyamata, amene anabadwa mu nthawi ya mtendere, osati atakawona zoopsa nkhondo wamagazi ndi njala ya chakudya anazinga amayenera kudziwa maphunziro a mbiri, komanso kuona umboni zopelekedwa za nkhondo. M'zaka zaposachedwapa, ife kutsegula yatsopano ndi kusinthidwa achikumbutso kale, chionetsero izi zikusonyeza mutu wa chitetezo ndi kutulutsidwa kwa mzinda lodziwika bwino. Museum-diorama "yojambula kwa kuzinga mzinda wa Leningrad", inatsegulidwa mu 1990 mu mzinda wa Kirov, kuswa anatseka misewu malo, gawo la chikumbutso chachikulu odzipereka kwa zokometsera wa Leningrad.

Chachikulu chosonyeza kupenta chikusonyeza chimodzi mwa zinthu zochititsa zikuluzikulu za kumasulidwa kwa mzinda - kutenga Shlisselbourg mlomo ndi kukakamiza Neva. Art zimathandizadi nkhondowo ndi chidwi!

Zaka amatipeza tisiye tsiku kuwina mu May, ndi anamenyela ochepa kukhala mizere. "Wosafa Regiment" ali ndi moyo, ndi pamaso pa mbadwo wathu ndi ntchito wosatsutsika - pochitika chikumbukiro cha zaka amoto ndi zidzukulu zawo.