Kuwotcherera wa waya mkuwa: mubwereze za njira ndi zipangizo. Soldering kapena kuwotcherera wa mawaya mkuwa - umene uli bwino?

Ntchito yaikulu pamene inu kulumikiza kulankhulana magetsi ndi kuonetsetsa kukana kwawo osachepera. Pamene wosauka kukhudzana kukana pakati mawaya mkuwa ndi kwambiri bwino, chifukwa mu Kutentha chingwe. Pali njira zambiri funsani kugwirizana, koma odalirika kwambiri komanso zothandiza imatengedwa kuti welded waya mkuwa. Njira imeneyi amalola monolithically kugwirizana chingwe onse waya, potero kukwaniritsa otsika zotheka magetsi kukana. Chifukwa cha mawaya Kutentha likuchotsedwa, motero kwambiri chinawonjezeka mlingo wa chitetezo moto.

Njira mawaya kugwirizana

Zamkuwa ndi waukulu wochititsa zakuthupi. Ndi mphamvu ya katundu physico-mankhwala nkhaniyi (mkulu ductility, kusowa elasticity), kugwira ntchito ndi iwo ali ndi makhalidwe yake. Magetsi malamulo zida kuti ntchito pa nthambi kugwirizana ndi mitsempha okontsovyvaniyu cha zingwe ndi mawaya akhoza kuchitidwa ndi soldering, kuwotcherera, crimping kapena kufinya (bawuti, kagwere, etc.). Aliyense wa iwo ali ndi makhalidwe ake, tikambirana pansipa.

mawaya pawiri ndi stranding

A kupindika yosavuta mawaya zoletsedwa PUE, monga kwambiri inefficient, sakhalitsa ndipo moto kugwirizana. Ngakhale zili chomwechi, amisiri zoweta ndi sindileka kugwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi, ngakhale zotsatira za zimenezi "luso" kungakhale plavchevnymi kwambiri.

Kupotoza mawaya ali yaikulu drawback: kugwirizana mkuwa kenako opunduka ndi wofooka, kenako inawonongedwa chifukwa kusintha kukana mkulu.

Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti njira kupotoza ingagwiritsidwe pokha pokha kwapadera, ngati pakufunikira kubwezeretsa magetsi ndi njira zina pa nkhani ina palibe. Nkofunika kuti asamalire za quality, chitetezo komanso lodalirika kugwirizana.

Izo kutiletsa:

• Kulumikiza mawaya anapangidwa kuchokera zosiyanasiyana (zotayidwa ndi mkuwa);
• Yolumikiza olimba mkuwa waya ndi multifilamentary a.

Stranding zimachitika motere:

1. Chotsani waya kutchinjiriza kuchokera pa mtunda wa 6-8 masentimita kuchokera m'mphepete;
2. Ikani waya wina kwa mzake ndipo crosswise maximally wandiweyani kuluka. Ngati gawo mtanda wa waya mkuwa oposa 1 sq. mm, opaleshoni imagwiridwa ndi pliers.
3. Amaluma nsonga forceps otsala mawaya.
4. Kupotoza amalimata ntchito zipangizo zapadera zokutira zitsulo (PVC, kapena machubu kutentha kuotcha, zisoti) kapena zigawo zingapo chimateteza tepi. Kutchinjiriza ayenera analanda mawaya zokutira zitsulo wosanjikiza.

kuthamanga mayeso

ndondomeko ndi njira ya kulumikiza mawaya kudzera wapadera awo crimping ndi malaya tubular kapena kwenikweni. zipangizozi ntchito, ngati gawo mtanda wa waya mkuwa ndi 2,5-240 sq. mm. ubwino angatsutse umisiri crimp ndi liwiro ndi lolondola ntchito, komanso wotsatira durability ndi chitetezo kugwirizana.

Pakuti crimping ntchito chida chapadera - makina, pliers hayidiroliki kapena magetsi kapena katswiri obzhimochnye atolankhani. Kusankha casings tidzakwatulidwa zochokera chiwerengero cha zigawo ndi ogwirizana ndi mawaya.

Pambuyo kukolola ndi yoyeretsa ya moyo, chagwiritsidwa khwatsi-Vaselini phala, kuvala malaya ndi kutulutsa crimp. Psinjika manja zokhazi.

Crimping malo

Ntchito zosiyanasiyana crimps malo ndipo lofala polumikiza ogulitsira magetsi, masiwichi, kuwala mindandanda yamasewera, komanso kuika switchboards. zipangizozi kulola molondola ndipo mwamsanga LUMIKIZANI mkuwa waya olimba, Shackleton waya koma popanda chisanadze welds kapena crimp chubu kwenikweni mu wononga achepetsa osachiritsika n'zosatheka.

Ubwino angatsutse wa malo a wononga zingaphatikizepo zamalumikizidwe zotayidwa Kulumikizana ndi mkuwa, ndipo kulibe kudzipatula wotsatira wa ojambula.

Komabe, mtundu wa kugwirizana wopanda zolakwika. Iye ayenera kukonza nthawi, chomwe ndi kupotoza zinthu clamping. Mkuwa - zakuthupi zofewa kwambiri, sachedwa "kutayikira" pansi pa katunduyo. Ngati ngakhale kuchita kugwirizana kudzera mwa masika-yodzaza sankalimbana nafe malo cleat, chifukwa chochepa pamalo m'dera kukhudzana pa katundu wolemera ndi mkangano ndi kumasula zinthu masika, umene elasticity awo amachepetsa pamodzi ndi khalidwe pawiri.

Pike vs-kuwotcherera

Kuonetsetsa kukhudzana kwabwino ambiri amangoti ntchito soldering kapena kuwotcherera wa mawaya mkuwa. Mwakupambana mwa njira zimenezi? Ndithudi, kuwotcherera. Popeza kuti soldering - zimachitika ndithu yolemetsa ndi yaitali, makamaka ngati mukufuna kulumikiza Shackleton chingwe mkuwa. Plus, mankhwala commissural kenako anawononga chifukwa kukhalapo wachitatu, zambiri friable ndi mosavuta fusible zitsulo - solder. Pamaso pa kusintha kukana mu mafupa a kasakaniza wazitsulo osiyana kumathandiza kuti maonekedwe a zochita zowononga mankhwala ndi njira zina zoipa.

Pamene kuwotcherera imagwiridwa mkuwa waya, mawu akuti "kulankhula" nthawi zambiri Mwamsanga chifukwa monolithic pawiri ndi kuwapeza yofanana zitsulo. Mwachibadwa, mankhwala awa amasiyana mbiri otsika kukaniza, umene kutentha nkomwe anamasulidwa.

soldering

Mwakucimbidza tisaiwale kuti ntchito zimenezi zimafuna wina kuchuluka kwa zimene akudziwa. Zodabwitsa, koma khalidwe bwino kupotoza soldering osauka, kumbukirani ichi.

Soldering ndondomeko imayamba ndi chisanadze mankhwala a malekezero a mawaya kutchinjiriza ndi oxides. Kenako adagulung'undisa, TACHIMATA ndi chinthu chapadera - kamwazi ndiye hocus. Solder mawaya mungathe osati mkuwa, komanso zotayidwa, chinthu chachikulu - kusankha kamwazi chabwino ndi solder. Ntchito yogwira asidi kamwazi ali osavomerezeka, monga chofunika kukhala pa mawaya, kotero pawiri la zidzasungunuka msanga.

soldering wina zimatenga nthawi yaitali, koma ngati wachita bwino, kulumikiza adzakhala odalirika ndi cholimba. Kamodzi mawaya ukatha, iwo ayenera mosamala insulated.

kuwotcherera

Kwambiri apamwamba ndi kugwirizana otetezeka ndipamene waya kuwotcherera mkuwa. Kulimbikira mu kukhudzana waya si upambana muyezo muyeso kukaniza awo. Njira sikutanthauza nthawi zambiri ndipo ankaona kuti osavuta. Pamaso pa luso osachepera ndi chidziwitso cha kuwotcherera wa mawaya mkuwa kunyumba ndi doable.

Pamene tikugwira ntchito kuwotcherera malamulo onse a moto ndi chitetezo magetsi ziyenela kuyan'anidwa mosamalitsa. Kupewa amayaka ndipo kuvulala diso inayenera ntchito zida munthu woteteza - zozitetezera ndi magolovesi, chisoti kuwotcherera kapena Goggles.

zida kuwotcherera

Pawiri mawaya ndi kuwotcherera anachita apparatuses a mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ndi yabwino ntchito inverter zida chifukwa kuwotcherera mawaya mkuwa, kuyambira mtundu wa zipangizo yodziwika ndi kukula yaing'ono ndi kulemera, ndalama mowa mphamvu ndi osiyanasiyana kuwotcherera zoikamo panopa. ubwino ndi luso kupereka mosalekeza woyaka magetsi Arc.

Ngati munaganiza kwambiri kuchuluka kwa ntchito magetsi, kupeza ya kuwotcherera makina inverter mpake ndi wolungama. Komanso, zida ili adzakhala sanama "akufa kulemera" m'tsogolo.

Features za ndondomeko ya mawaya kuwotcherera kwa mkuwa

Kuwotcherera mkuwa waya zimakhala AC ndi DC voteji pa mitengo ya 15-30 C. Ndi bwino ngati chipangizo limapereka mwayi kusintha pano.

Mwachitsanzo, china chotulutsa awiri ochititsa mkuwa 1.5 sq. mm, zokwanira 70 A. Pakuti kuwotcherera wa mawaya atatu ndi yemweyo mtanda gawo n'kofunika kuonjezera panopa 90 A. pawiri ochititsa atatu a 2.5kb. mamilimita Pakufunika ku 80 100 A, ndi kuwotcherera waya zisanu zofanana - 120 A. Ngati mwasankha akadakwanitsira kuwotcherera panopa zimachokeradi "kum'mamatira" a elekitirodi ndi Arc ndi mokwanira khola.
Pakuti kuwotcherera wa mawaya mkuwa ntchito kaboni mkuwa "mapensulo" (maelekitirodi). Ngati ayi, n'zotheka ntchito ndodo mpweya ku mabatire pensulo.

makhalidwe kuwotcherera

Nsonga kutalika Kulumikizana wa 5-6 masentimita anali mwayeretsa ndi ❖ kuyanika zokutira zitsulo ndi wokhotakhota kuyambira zigawo kutchinjiriza, kusiya 5-6 mamilimita pa mapeto a kupindika untwisted mawonekedwe. nsonga ayenera kufalikira, apangidwe mu kufanana ndi pafupi wina ndi mnzake. Ndi kupotoza mawaya atatu kapena zambiri, kumapeto mukufunabe kusiya awiri okha ufulu kunsonga, ndipo ena anadula pa nsonga ya kuzungulira lotsiriza la adagona. Ngati makina si mphamvu zokwanira, kupindika izi adzalola mosavuta kupanga Sungunulani mkanda. Ngati pali zokwanira ziliri pa zida za kuwotcherera angachichite ndi kupindika yosavuta.

kupotoza Komanso clamped kudzera clamping kuwotcherera. Ngati chipangizo izi palibe, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito kumveka pliers akale.

Pawiri anawakonzera anali welded mpweya elekitirodi. Pa kuwotcherera, mawaya mkuwa ndi anasungunuka kumanzere malekezero untwisted asanayambe kupanga mpira chosungunula. Kuonetsetsa odalirika makina ndi magetsi kukhudzana waya, woyendera nthambi limatsogolera ayenera kuonetsetsa kuti kwa stranding lapansi.

Nthawi kuwotcherera sayenera upambana masekondi 2-3, mwinamwake waya kutchinjiriza china chotulutsa. Pambuyo wathunthu kuzirala pawiri ndi opangidwa kudzipatula ake pogwiritsa ntchito angapo zigawo za tepi kapena kapu wapadera, PVC, kapena kutentha kuotcha yamachubu.