Leary njira - kufotokoza ndi kutanthauzira

Lotha matenda njira anayamba kupanga mu 1954 ndi American zamaganizo Timoti Liri (1920-1996), co-Mlembi ndi G. ndi R. Leforzhem Sazekom, ndipo mu 1957 lofalitsidwa monograph lake lotha matenda a umunthu. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mayesero amenewa akadali mwakhama ntchito ndi US ntchito chinsinsi. Ambiri otchuka pakati zamaganizo, chifukwa cha compactness ake ndi nkhani, komanso amagwiritsa ntchito njira Leary.

Kufotokozera ndi cholinga njira

Mayeso amasanthula chifaniziro cha munthu zokhudza iyeyo. Pankhaniyi, izo zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuunikira zoperekedwa ngati munthu weniweni "Ine", ndi ganizoli. Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuonanso ngati mukufuna kupeza masomphenya limodzi la munthu mu maso a wina. The ndondomeko matenda ndi allocated mtundu waukulu wa ubale wa munthuyo ena. Awa ndi mfundo ziwiri zofunika kuti kudziwa ubale lotha:

1) ulamuliro - kugonjera;

2) waubwenzi - ndewu.

zinthu zimenezi akudziwikanso monga M. Argyle makhalidwe chachikulu cha khalidwe lotha. Iwo zikugwirizananso ndi nkhwangwa awiri a zamalankhulidwe masiyanidwe Ch Osgood, ntchito kuphunzira maganizo zosintha ochititsa kuti lonse (mwachitsanzo, wosachedwa ozizira, wamphamvu-ofooka neri Al.) Ndi chiwerengero atathana magulu mu aliyense wa iwo.

Chojambula chifaniziro cha zinthu

Pakuti chifaniziro zojambula za lathu zofunika zokhudza njira munthu wa diagnostics ubale lotha Leary zikuphatikizapo chithunzi chojambula la: bwalo anawagawa m'magulu 8 - octants. Mawuwa ndi olamulira awiri (lolingana zinthu ubale lotha tafotokozazi): "ulamuliro - subordination" ndi "waubwenzi - chidani". Pankhaniyi, Leary adafotokoza kuti ubwenzi zosintha zimenezi, mphamvu kwambiri zotsatira za woyankha ndi kulemekeza malo a bwalo. Zigoli okwana aliyense wa ziphunzitso, amene amasankha njira matenda ubale lotha Leary, anamasuliridwa mu cholozera nkhani, ankalemekeza olamulira lalikulu. Mtunda analandira pakati pa zizindikiro ndi likulu la bwalo amasonyeza kusinthasintha khalidwe lotha.

Makhalidwe Mkhalidwe wa Boma anasankha (octants), amene amasankha njira lotha T. Leary, akhoza ankaimira motere:

I. A mtsogoleri wabwino, Mlangizi ndi mlangizi.

II. Zina mtundu wa palokha ndipo Nkukhala.

III. Mowona, mwachindunji, kulimbikira zipambano zawo.

IV. Amantha, nonconformist tingawapeze chiweruzo.

V. Odzichepetsa manyazi komanso mofunitsitsa pokwaniritsa udindo winawake.

VI. Kuwasamalira komanso odalirika ena.

VII. Friendly, kufuna chiyanjano.

VIII. Ankawamvetsa komanso kuthandiza ena.

Ndondomeko ndi processing zotsatira

Leary Njira 128 zikuphatikizapo maweruzo mtengo uliwonse wa mitundu 8 ubale umene mfundo 16 anapanga. zinthu izi imakonzedwa mu dongosolo la kukwera kwambiri. Pamene njira imeneyi lili kuti makhalidwe umalimbana akudzizindikiritsa mitundu ina ya maubwenzi imakonzedwa m'njira yapadera: osati zotsatizana ndi magulu anayi aliyense chiweruzo, kubwereza kudzera ofanana chiwerengero cha chiweruzo.

Leary njira, umalimbana ubale lotha, akhozanso kukopeka ndi mitundu iwiri ya malangizo. Choyamba, anafunsidwa akufunsidwa kuti mwawerenga mosamala ndi kuunikira ziweruzo zomwe makhalidwe maganizo a munthu ndi ubale ndi anthu ena. Ngati, mu maganizo woyankha, chiweruzo ndi zogwirizana ndi mfundo zake za lokha, tisaiwale ake "+" chizindikiro, ngati izo sizitero - chizindikiro "-".

Mu mphindi zosinthika malangizo Leary njira kumaphatikizapo potaya osati kwenikweni "Ine", komanso abwino kwambiri. Chitsanzo: "Kuona wanu weniweni" Ine ", werengani maweruzo onse kachiwiri ndipo yang'anirani ndi" + "anthu ofanana lingaliro lanu la momwe mukufuna kuona nokha mu ganizoli." Pankhaniyi, mungathe ndiye kudziwa mlingo wa zikusiyana pakati pa weniweni yabwino amaonera munthu za iwo okha. Kafukufuku ubale wa ena amathanso zimaonekera malangizo omwe amapereka njira Leary. Chitsanzo: "Monga momwe zinalili poyamba, nkhani, chonde umunthu wa Abwenzi anu (bwana, mwamuna kapena mkazi, mwana, etc ...)." Choncho nkotheka matenda dongosolo masomphenya a munthu wina ndi mzake.

Leary processing njira kumafuna magawo angapo. Poyamba, awerenge chiwerengero cha mfundo aliyense anasankha 8 mitundu ya maubwenzi lotha (authoritarian, kudzikonda, mwamakani, zokayikitsa atumiki, dependencies, wochezeka, athandize nzika zawo).

Chotsatira ndi kudziwa mtundu mwamphamvu. Zigoli pazipita pa mtundu wa msinkhu, imene imakhudza njira Leary pa ubale lotha, kungakhale mfundo 16. Nayenso ogaŵikana 4 kusalekerera ubwenzi:

• mfundo 0 kuti 4: otsika mwamphamvu (dziphunzitsiranso khalidwe) ;
• mfundo 5 mpaka 8: zolimbitsa mwamphamvu (komanso dziphunzitsiranso khalidwe);
• kuchokera 9 mpaka 12 mfundo: High mwamphamvu (Khalidwe kwambiri);
• 13 16 mfundo: kumasonyeza kwambiri za mlingo (kuti khalidwe kwambiri kudwala).

Wachitatu processing mapazi, imene imakhudza njira matenda lotha T. Leary, chikuyimira mtima wa magawo kwa zamoyo zina zikuluzikulu ziwiri: ulamuliro - ubwanawe. Asayansi anapangidwa ntchito mitunduyi zotsatirazi:

Ulamuliro = (IV) + 0,7 × (VIII + II - IV - VI).

Waubwenzi = (VII - III) +0,7 × (VIII - II - IV + VI).

Pomaliza, monga chomaliza njira amatenda Leary Mkhalidwe kusanthula ikuchitika amayerekezera discogram inamangidwa pa maziko a uthenga wa aliyense deta woyankha ndi mzake. N'zothekanso kupanga zikutanthauza mbiri ya maubwenzi lotha mu gulu linalake. The momwe akadakwanitsira ndi ntchito mafunso mu dongosolo la sukulu zasekondale. Komanso, mwina zimasonyeza kuphunzira kotenga (mwachitsanzo, mu chimango cha kalasi), n'zotheka amene amapereka njira Kupeza Vuto lotha T. Leary.

Kumasulira zowonetsera ubale ikuchitika mwa mitundu 8:

I. The mtundu authoritarian cha ubale

13 16 mfundo. Lembani umunthu amphamvu, yodziwika wopondereza, opondereza khalidwe. Iye wakonda kuti atsogolere mu mitundu yonse zomwe gulu. Tisadalire yekha pa maganizo awo, sakonda kumvera malangizo a ena, nthawi yomweyo nthawi zonse limalimbikitsa onse. Yapafupi, nayenso, kusankha kuzindikira authoritativeness ndi munthu anapatsidwa.

Mfundo 9 mpaka 12. Ndi khalidwe kwa amphamvu umunthu lalikulu, zofuna ulemu. Ndi bwino ntchito, ulamuliro, amakonda kupereka malangizo kwa ena.

Mfundo 0 8. Komanso zimaonetsa wodzidalira munthu, amene yodziwika ndi khama ndiponso kupirira. Komanso, munthu uyu suyenera kukhala mtsogoleri.

II. Wodzikonda mtundu wa ubale

13 16 mfundo. Ngokwanira, wonyada ndi narcissistic umunthu mtundu. Kuwerengetsa, amakonda kuloza mavuto ena. Pa dzanja limodzi, izo amafuna pamwamba ena, pa zina - anali kucheza ndi iwo penapake. Komanso osiyana wodzimva ndi kudzikuza.

Mfundo 0 kwa 12. Pali mikhalidwe yadyera ndi cholinga pa yekha. Amamuchititsa kupikisana.

III. Modzikhulupirira mtundu wa ubale

13 16 mfundo. Khalidwe anthu ena amphamvu ndi mwamakani. Kudana malire sakonda.

Mfundo 9 mpaka 12. Yodziwika ndi mukamamasuka nawo ndi kuwauza, kulunjika ndi opondereza ndi ulemu kwa ena. Aliuma, kukwiya - ndimaona kuti ena; nditaona ndi lakuthwa.

Mfundo 0 8. Wolimba ndi kulimbikira mtundu, yodziwika zinafuna ndi kuuma.

IV. Muzisamala mtundu wa ubale

13 16 mfundo. Lembani kukayikira ndipo mkwiyo munthu, kukayikira chilichonse. Wobwezera, nthawi zambiri amadandaula za ena. Iwo amafuna dissociate wotuluka dzikoli, kuganizira mofatsa ankhanza ndi okwiya. Kumachitika mu mtundu schizoid khalidwe (Leary njira iyi akhoza wodzilemekeza mayeso MMPI).

Mfundo 9 mpaka 12. Tatseka mobisa mtundu. Chifukwa cha kukayikirana ndi mwamantha zoipa kuchitiridwa mwina mavuto ubale lotha. Amantha, anakhumudwa ndi ena; maganizo ofooketsa anthu ena omwe ungadziwike mu mokwiya mawu.

Mfundo 0 8. Zikusonyeza mmene criticality poyerekezera ndi ena, ndipo mwachibale kwa zochitika zonse zenizeni chikhalidwe.

V. kumvera mtundu wa ubale

13 16 mfundo. Wofunitsitsa kudzipereka kwa ena; yodziwika ndi mosanyinyirika, passivity ndi ofooka. Pakhoza kukhala kudziletsa manyazi ndi chidziletso chiweruzo, zikhumbo yekha mlandu. Iye akudziika pamalo lomaliza. Sanapemphe thandizo munthu wamphamvu kuposa iye.

Mfundo 9 mpaka 12. Mtundu umunthu ndi chifatso ndi manyazi osiyana; mosavuta mu chisokonezo. Zikhoza kukhala ndi makhalidwe amphamvu, osati kutenga nkhani zinthu zenizeni za zinthu.

Mfundo 0 8. Khalidwe la ovomerezeka, manyazi ndi wodzichepetsa umunthu. No osiyana maganizo, iyo ndi amamvera zosavuta mongotsatira malamulo ake kuchita ntchito yawo. Maganizo wakonda anam'letsa.

VI. Yozungulira mtundu wa ubale

13 16 mfundo. azidalira kwambiri maganizo a anthu ena. The kudalira wa mtundu uwu chifukwa chosowa dzikolo mwadzidzidzi chikhulupiriro mwa iwo okha ndi nzeru zawo. Kulandira nkhawa ndi mantha obsessive aliyense, ngakhale yaing'ono.

Mfundo 9 mpaka 12. Yodziwika ndi kuthedwa nzeru ndi kulephera kuti atsimikizire kukana ena, modzipereka kukhulupirira kuti ali bwino nthawi zonse. Omvera ndi mantha.

Mfundo 0 8. Kudalira ndi conformal mtundu. Mtima wawo wonse ena amasirira iwo. Ndi zofewa ndi ulemu.

VII. Friendly mtundu wa ubale

Mfundo 9 16. Mtundu lathu zosiyana kuvomereza chikhalidwe ndi kuvomerezedwa, amayesetsa kukhala zabwino zonse, osati kutenga nkhani vuto linalake. Anthu ena amakhala wochezeka ndiponso mwaulemu. Mwa njira chitetezo amachuluka kupondereza ndi yimitsira. Yodziwika ndi lability maganizo. Hysteroid zotheka mtundu wa khalidwe (n'zothekanso ntchito mayeso zina MMPI).

Mfundo 0 8. Kusintha pochita ndi mikhalidwe mabvuto. Pankhondoyi anachita kugwirizana ndi kukondera. Chikumbumtima akusonyeza zizindikiro za mofanana, monga amamuchititsa kukwaniritsa pangano ndi ena. Umamumvera misonkhano, mogwirizana ndi malamulo a kukoma zabwino. Initiative, ofunitsitsa kuthandiza ena. Komanso chilakolako yosiyana ndi chidwi, kuti kuzindikira ndi chikondi cha ena. Sociable ndiponso ochezeka.

VIII. Athandize nzika zawo mtundu wa ubale

Mfundo 9 16. Yodziwika ndi giperotvetstvennostyu kwambiri ndi udindo kwa anthu ena - Nthawi zambiri anthu oipa. Okonzeka kuthandiza ena kuti kupweteketsa zofuna zawo. Pa nthawi yomweyo mu chisamaliro wawo ntchito mopitirira muyeso ndipo ngakhale yonse. Komabe, nthawi zina, khalidwe akhoza kukhala mtundu wa chigoba. Pankhaniyi tikulimbana ndi mtundu wosiyana ubwenzi.

Mfundo 0 8. Mtundu wa kusadziona kukhala wopambana ena khalidwe ndi chifundo. Iye ali ndi udindo poyerekezera ndi anthu ena, kuwasonyeza chifundo ndi chisoni. Zofewa, wosakhwima ndi mosamala.

kutanthauzira zotsatira

Njira matenda lotha T. Leary zikusonyeza ndithu kuchuluka lonse la mauthenga kuphunzira kwa woyankha payekha. Ngati mayeso anali anachita mu mawonekedwe gulu, kafukufuku, monga tanenera kale, ali ndi mphamvu kuyerekeza zotsatira za anthu osiyana ndi mbiri gulu komanso ndi wina ndi mzake. Akamamasulira zotsatira n'kofunika kuganizira makhalidwe mtheradi ndi ntchito wolamulira wa mtundu wina pa ena. M'pofunikanso kuona ngati pali mtima woipa wa makolo kwa chilema mwana wawo (njira "Paris" Leary).

Ngati muli imawunikidwa monga "Ine" wa weniweni, ndipo "I" wa abwino, ponseponse sayenera kusiyana kwambiri pakati pawo. Iwonso, ngati pali zolimbitsa mlingo kusiyana, izo zikusonyeza kuthekera wodzilamulira kuwongolera, chimenenso, limasonyeza njira Leary. Kutanthauzira kwa zotsatira za mafunso kwasonyeza kuti ambiri wosakhutira ndi mmene anthu ndi otsika mlingo kudzidalira (womwe ndi wa 5, 6 ndi octants 7), kapena anthu mu mkhalidwe nkhondo protracted (lolingana octant 4).

Ngati woyankha ndi zimawonedwa nthawi yomweyo kuchuluka kwa 1st ndi octants 5, umasonyeza pamaso pa mavuto ake authoritarianism ndi kuvulazidwa kudzidalira; 2 na- ndi 6 TH - pali kutsutsana pakati pa chikhumbo cha ufulu ndi kufunika kutsatira (mwachitsanzo, pamene chifukwa chosowa munthu ayenera kumvera, ngakhale Zionetsero ake mkati). Mkangano pakati pa nkhondo 3 ndi octants 7 kumachitika pamene amajambulapo maluwa okongola mfundo ndi chilichonse; 4 ndi 8 - akuwonetseredwa mu yimitsira udani payekha anthu ena kuzindikira awo (chilakolako kuzindikira ndi gulu ndipo nthawi yomweyo kumverera udani kwa iwo).