Lewis Carroll a "Alice mu ochititsa chidwi": mwachidule a m'nkhaniyi

English ndakatulo ndi zamkhutu, chifukwa cha Mchinji Edward Lear ndi Lewis Carroll, amene analemba m'nyengo zamunthawi ya Victoria zaka 150 zapitazo, wakhala mtundu lonse. Zingakhale zofunika chifukwa cha Chitsanzo limerik ndi nyimbo punning:

nkhalamba anakhala yekha kwa Tobago,

Iye anali sobago oipa,

Koma ine ndafika vurdolago

Ndipo ndinadya galu,

Ndipo munthu wakale anadya Tobago.

Ndi zoziwika kuti ndi chotheka ndakatulo. Palibe kutsutsana zikuluzikulu absurdum ku Latin - ndi "omwe alinso", "chotheka", "zovuta", pamene zamkhutu - ". Tanthauzo" kusiyana ndi kuti pamene akamba za chotheka, kumbukirani mabuku a zana la 20. Iye anatsindika meaninglessness ndi chiyembekezo moyo wa anthu komanso moyo wa dziko. A zamkhutu kwa zaka za m'ma 19 mzake. Achimwemwe. Iwo anachokera ku mawu okha, ndendende mawonekedwe a nyimbo paradoxical. Iwo ali zosangalatsa Wordsworth anakhulupirira waukulu cholinga cha ndakatulo. Zimphona zamkhutu moyo kwambiri mu dziko la maloto ake kuposa kwenikweni. Oldos Haksli anati: "Zamkutu - ndi chotheka kuti chimagwirizana ife ndi moyo."

Amene anali Charlz Lyutvidzh Dodzhson (1832 - 1898)?

Pamene munthu wachibwana nayamba kulalikira ndakatulo wake zoseketsa, iye anafunika dzina. Choyamba, anamasulira awiri a dzina lake Latin, ndiye kusinthanitsa iwo ndi m'Chingelezi. Ife tikudziwa zotsatira - Lyuis Kerroll.

Iye anaphunzira kenako anaphunzitsa masamu pa Oxford, achikulire, abwenzi ndi ana. Pakuti Alice Liddell analemba nkhani "Alice mu ochititsa chidwi", ndi Alice Raikes - Fairy-nthano "Alice mu ochititsa chidwi." English, paulendo, anapita Italy, Greece, France, ndipo iye anapita ku Russia. Anapita St. Petersburg, Moscow, Nizhny Novgorod, ndinayamba kuphunzira Russian. Kenako, anafalitsa buku lakuti "Russian Diary". Dr. Lyuis Kerroll masamu ndi kutikonda kwambiri zisudzo, iye wakhala ndi wojambula zithunzi zabwino, mabuku ake pa makina olembera kuti ulendo sitima. Iwo anali zinthu zonse zatsopano za mafakitale. Komanso, iye anatulukira Chess kwa apaulendo chipangizo kusewera mu mdima. Ngati masamu, anapeza njira cheke ngati manambala zidzasankhidwa ndi 17 ndi 19, ndipo kuloweza ndi mndandanda wautali wa manambala. Choncho, iye akanakhoza kulemba chiwerengero "πi" kuti 71 malo decimal. Ndi zovuta munthu anali dokotala wa masamu, amene timawadziwa monga wolemba Lewis Carroll.

nyumba ndi kumbuyo galasi (kuyang'ana-Glass House)

Alice anakhala ndi kuwayang'ana wakuda wake hooligan mphaka ndi chilonda mpira, umene osokonezeka.

Alice anakonda Chess ndi kuika mphaka pa miyendo yake yaikazi kuti inasanduka wakuda Chess mfumukazi. Ndiye, kaso zimene zinachitika, iye anapita galasi.

Ziri ngati utsi, galasi zinazimiririka, ndipo pa nthawi Alice - Kudzera galasi loyang'anira. chidule Zopatsa ake adzakhala retold.

Amene anali pambuyo galasi

Kumbuyo galasi zonse zinali zolakwika chotero m'chipinda chake: zithunzi sanali chete, ulonda akhala mokondwera wachikulire Chasovichkom ndi phulusa moto kuyala chessmen. Ayi, iwo sanali chabe adamwazika, anayenda, analankhula ndi sanadziwe Alice. Kenako mtsikanayo ananyamula White Mfumu ndi modekha ilo pansi kwa Mfumukazi wake. Flights ku mantha anakomoka, koma msanga anachira ndipo ananena kuti sadzaiwala kutulo izi. "Iwalani - analonjeza mfumukazi - ngati kulemba." Mfumu anatulutsa kope ndi chinachake mofulumira chizindikiro. Alice anali ndi chidwi, ndipo iye ankafuna kuwerenga mawu olembedwawo. Koma panali zovuta kuzimvetsa scrawl. "Tiyenera kuti galasi" - anaganiza Kudzera mwa kuyang'ana-Glass (mwachidule nkhani, nthano chafotokozedwa pano). Iye kuwerenga mawu ankadziwa, koma tanthauzo lake anapulumuka. Alice kenako kuyang'ana ku munda.

Garden mwatsopano maluwa (The Garden wa Live Maluwa)

Kunyamuka kwa chipinda (o, njira zachilendo kuti mozungulira icho chasanduka kukhala!), Alice mu msewu anaona phiri lalitali, limene sakanakhoza kufika uko, nthawi zonse kubwerera ku khoma la nyumbayo. Kenako anaona maluwa. Iwo zimasangalatsa kulankhula kwa Alice ndipo anapereka malangizo kupita kwina, pamene izo zikhala kumene ankamukako. Izi yachilendo dziko, amene analengedwa ndi Carroll! Alice mu ochititsa chidwi ndipo anapanga ndi anaonekera m'tsinde mwa phiri kufikako ndi pafupi ndi Black Mfumukazi. Alice anaona kuti si dziko, koma wapadera Chess bolodi. Maselo anasiyanitsidwa mipanda ndipo mitsinje. Alice ankafuna kusewera Chess, ngakhale ndi chuma. Mfumukazi analonjeza kuika Alice pa foni wachiwiri, kapena msungwana adza kwa chitatu, izo zimakhala Mfumukazi. Izi ndi zotheka osati mu moyo weniweni. Kudzera mwa kuyang'ana-Glass (mwachidule, wodzala ndi mikuluwiko ndi misonkhano pamene kuthamanga patsogolo) adzatha kuchita izo. Mfumukazi anapereka malangizo mtsikana amene anandiuza momwe adutsa maselo, ndi amene amakumana ndi pamaso.

Tizilombo Kudzera galasi loyang'anira

Mozungulira Alice m'malo njuchi fluttered njovu. Alice analumpha pa mtsinje, ndipo anali pa sitima ndi okwera zachilendo.

Zinali mbuzi ndi Chikumbu, ndi Woyang'anira anayang'ana pa Alice mu zakutali, ndi maso. Nthunzi sitima mwadzidzidzi Kenako ananena mwamphamvu, anavula ndipo mbisoweka. Alice anafika pansi pa mtengo ndipo anayankhula kwa udzudzu ndi kukula kwa tambala.

Tvidldum ndi Tvidldi (Tweedledum ndi Tweedledee)

Alice anali kale pa mzere yachinayi, zimene anakumana awiri pugnacious ndi grumpy tolstyachkov.

Iwo anamubweretsa iye kwa akugona wakuda mfumu, ndipo anauza ndakatulo wanga wokondedwa ya Walrus ndi Carpenter.

Ubweya ndi Water

Mwadzidzidzi, Alice pounced shawl munthu, ndipo iye anayamba kuyang'ana pozungulira, kufunafuna Hostess lapansi. Kuti izo analumpha onse disheveled White Mfumukazi kuti Alice anayamba kuika mu dongosolo. Ndipo kuti adzabweranso analonjeza kuchitira mtsikana kupanikizana mawa, anawonjezera kuti mawa konse. Pankhani, izo zimachitika lero. Mwadzidzidzi Mfumukazi anasandulika kukhala nkhosa, amene anali atakhala mu shopu ndi katundu ndi pagulu.

Mwadzidzidzi, shopu wakhala bwato, masipoko - nkhafi, ndipo iwo anasambira kudutsa mtsinje. Ndiyeno izo zinachoka: ndi nkhosa, ndi Alice kachiwiri akuikidwa shopu pafupi. Mtsikanayo anapempha dzira, amene anasanduka munthu wotchedwa Humpty Dumpty (Humpty Dumpty). Kulankhula naye, izo kwathunthu kusocheretsedwa. mawu bwino kutenga mfundo osadziwika. Mbali imeneyi sanali kokha Humpty Dumpty, koma kenako ambiri a anthu a dziko lino zodabwitsa. Kudzera mwa kuyang'ana-Glass (chidule cha mankhwala pano retold) anakhala pang'onopang'ono atengere zodabwitsa ndi absurdities.

Pomaliza, mtsikana anafika mzere chitatu, ndipo anavutika ndi kukula kwa korona mutu.

Mu ncindi phwando koma pokonzekera izo ndi tchuthi yokha anali oposa zachilendo. Alice anakwiya ndipo anamugwira dzanja lake Black Mfumukazi ndipo anayamba kugwedeza ake.

Koma kunapezeka kuti iye anali atagwira mphaka wakuda. Anadzuka? Choncho amene analota zonse (Amene analota izo?)? "Ha, ndi mphaka - Alice anamufunsa - ndi maloto kwa ine, kapena mfumu wakuda?". Koma mphaka kokha ankaimba ndipo sanali kupereka yankho.

kuchita owerenga Kodi

owerenga onse amanena kuti bukuli Lewis Carroll, osati kokha kwa ana. Iwo yodziwika ndi parody ndi, wordplay, puns. Zosamvetsetseka ubale wa anthu wolemba mwaluso amasintha mu masewera. Alice wa akapolo kusandulizidwa kukhala mfumukazi, nawo pa njira zosiyanasiyana zosaiŵalika ndi makhalidwe abwino. Mkuntho wa mayankho abwino, nthawi zambiri mawunikidwe, ndi nthano nthano "Alice mu ochititsa chidwi." Reviews zinalembedwa yaitali ndi yaitali, kuti palibe munthu anasiya chidwi ndi chilengedwe cha Lewis Carroll.