Wambiri Mwachidule: Oskar Uayld - munthu chododometsa

Mu theka lachiwiri la m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, dzina anali n'chimodzimodzi ndi mawu akuti "chododometsa". munthu uyu anali chitsanzo cha kukongola ndi chisomo, ndipo dzina lake anali Oskar Uayld. Mabuku Mfundo, masewero, nkhani zonse zimene zimabwera kuchokera kwa cholembera chake, nthawi yomweyo anayamba kufala. Komabe, miyoyo ambiri owala, iye sanali zoyembekezeka moyo wautali.

Mayi wa Oscar Wilde

bambo Oscar wa - Uilyam Uayld anali otolaryngologist wotchuka ndi maso mu Ireland. Kwa zaka zambiri ntchito kwambiri, anali kupereka ndi knighthood. Kwa zaka zambiri, Bambo Wilde anakhoza ndi ndalama zake kutsegula malo chithandizo ufulu osauka a Dublin. Mu tinkasangalalira analemba buku la chikhalidwe Irish.

Wokondedwa mayi wa wolemba tsogolo - Dzheyn Uayld, kwambiri, sanali mlendo mabuku. Mu nthawi ya unyamata chiwawa, mkazi uyu amunamuna anali membala wa chosintha kayendedwe "Young Irish" ndipo pa nthawi ina analemba ndakatulo kukonda dziko lako kwa iwo.

Mu ana ake William ndi Oscar Jane kuchilemekeza ndipo analipira maphunziro awo nthawi zonse. Iye anayesetsa kuphunzutsa chikondi kwa Irish anyamata mabuku. Akazi Wilde komanso yodziwa ana ake ndi mabuku ndi chikhalidwe cha Greece ndi Rome.

Kuwonjezera m'bale wamkulu anali Oscar ndi mlongo wamng'ono Isola. Komabe, msungwana wamng'ono uyu anali mwachidule mbiri. Oskar Uayld kenako anadzipereka kwa chikumbukiro mmodzi wa ndakatulo yake - Requiescat popeza iye anafa mu zaka khumi.

Childhood ndi unyamata wolemba

Ma Oscar oyambirira ubwana zinachitika mu Dublin mu nyumba zapamwamba, chokongoletsedwa ndi busts wa Agiriki ndi Aroma, komanso zojambula zambiri. Mwina ndiye chifukwa chake zinthu zayamba kunyumba mu mtima wa anyamata n'zaka kukonda wokongola.

Makolo Oscar wa sanalekerere ndalama maphunziro a ana awo. Kuyambira ndili mwana, iye anali ndi Chifalansa ndi Chijeremani governesses. Choncho, kupita kwa zaka zisanu ndi zinayi kuphunzira pa Royal Portora School, pafupi Dublin, mnyamata analankhula kwambiri Chifalansa ndi Chijeremani.

Kuchoka makolo kuzolowera atsopano posachedwa kumangidwa ndi mbiri yabwino achinyamata Oskar Uayld. Zoseketsa akugwira mawu wophunzira wadutsa kuchokera pakamwa m'kamwa mwa comrades wake. Komanso anatha bwino kuphunzira. Choncho, munthu anakhoza sukulu yapamwamba ulemu ndi kupeza maphunziro apitirize kuphunzira mu Utatu College Dublin.

zaka zitatu ku koleji kuti kwambiri dziko la Wilde. Apa iye anachita chidwi kalelo aesthetics, kenako kulenga kalembedwe awo khalidwe ndi kalembedwe kulankhulana kenako kotero ankasangalala mafani wake.

Watsimikizira yekha ku koleji, Oskar Uayld udachita maphunziro kukaphunzira ku Oxford, komwe anakhala zaka zinayi. Panthawi imeneyi anakhala kwambiri ndi admirer la Kale, ndipo anachita chidwi ndi maganizo Dzhona Reskina. Pomaliza wamng'ono Wilde kaonedwe anathandiza kuumba ulendo wopita ku Greece ndipo Italy.

Wambiri Mwachidule: Oskar Uayld ku London ndi US

Atamaliza maphunziro a esthete wamng'ono zokhala ku likulu la ufumu. Pa nthawi imene iye anamuchotsa ka ndi wompereka iye Irishman, ndi kuphunzira chinenero wokongola. Young wokongola njonda ndi ulemu kuyengedwa kalembedwe kaso ndi tanthauzo kwambiri nthabwala Mwachangu anapeza malo mu mabwalo apamwamba a osankhika chikhalidwe London. "Choncho Wilde" Mosakhalitsa anayamba. Iye anamvera, amene tamutchula ndi chidwi.

Mu 1881, Oskar Uayld lofalitsidwa buku lake loyamba, ndakatulo ndakatulo. Iwo anakhala bwino yomweyo ndipo tinalisindikizanso kasanu.

Chaka chotsatira, ndi zokongoletsa anazindikira kupita ku United States. Apa iye lectured luso ndi aesthetics. Pa chaka, moyo mu America anakhala pafupi moyo nthano Oskar Uayld. Quotes lilime ndi nkhani za Zopatsa wake pafupifupi sanasiye masamba nyuzipepala. Atolankhani anamtsata kulikonse, ayang'ana mmene kwakukuru iye kutuluka zochitika zosiyanasiyana, osati akuponya nthawi yomweyo ya ulemu wake. Pochokera ulendo, Wilde anati mawu wake wotchuka: "America, ndili ndi kutukuka njira - kusiya kokha kumwamba."

Personal Moyo wa Oscar Wilde

Atabwerera kunyumba mosayembekezeka Wilde m'banja. chisankho chake chinali Constance Lloyd. Posakhalitsa banjali Wilde awiri anyamata okongola, Cyril ndi Vivian.

Potengera utate, iye analemba ana ake Oskar Uayld nthano. Ntchito zimenezi zinali zodabwitsa, iwo posakhalitsa lofalitsidwa kusonkhanitsa awiri. Ngakhale tsokalo, iwo adzala ndi kukongola wowona ndipo limodzi la ntchito otchuka kwambiri Werengani a wolemba.

Mwatsoka, ndi moyo wosangalala m'banja la wolemba anali mwachidule kwambiri mbiri. Oskar Uayld mu 1891 akuyamba kulankhula ndi fuko lomveka wina dzina lake Alfred Douglas. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, unansi wake ndi mkazi wake amakhala atione.

Pachimake cha kutchuka kwa wolemba

Close ubwenzi ndi Douglas inatenga Oscar Wilde kuchokera 1981 mpaka 1895. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti uyu anali ambiri kuberekana nthawi mu wolemba. Ndipo pamene ntchito zambiri otchuka a wolemba izi zalembedwa kale (buku "The chithunzi cha Dorian Gray," nkhani "The Canterville Mzimu"), Wilde ulemerero pamene izo zinabweretsa sewero lake zoseketsa.

Statement pa sewero lanthabwala siteji kusewera "Lady Windermere wa fani," "Mwamuna labwino", "Kufunika Chikole," lolembedwa ndi Oscar Wilde, mudapangana njonda uyu munthu wotchuka mu London.

M'zaka zimenezi, osati analemba kusewera ndi Oskar Uayld. Books ndi wolemba nkhani aestheticism ndi malingaliro ake pa anthu ndi Makhalidwe adaona kuwala pa nthawi imeneyo. Awa anali wotchuka "kamangidwe" ndi "moyo wa munthu pansi sosholisimu."

Mayesedwe, mapeto ndi zaka zingapo zapitazi

Chifukwa cha "zilakolako zoipa" ndi bambo wachinyamata Oscar wa, Alfred Man chikwiyire manyazi. Chifukwa cha mpheto ya wolemba mndandanda Anapezeka yekha doko pa milandu ya zochita chosayenera ndi amuna ena.

Oskar Uayld ntchito waluso polankhula ake onse, kudziteteza. Osati kamodzi holo anawombera m'manja ndi ankamuchemerera kuti ndi ngwazi. Komabe, wolemba anali adakali m'ndende kwa zaka 2 m'ndende. Ndipo moyo wake wonse anatumikira.

Ngakhale Oscar inali mu ndende, mayi ake anamwalira ndipo mkazi anapita kudziko lina, kutenga yekha ana a dzina osiyana.

Atatuluka, ngwazi athu anaona kuti ambiri a comrades chake chakale, ndipo Alfred Douglas anachoka kwa iye.

Ndi Anzanu ake enieni a Oskar Uayld anasamukira ku moyo mu France, n'kumusintha dzina kuti pseudonym Sebastian Melmoth. M'dziko latsopano, anafalitsa ntchito yake yomaliza - "The Ballad wa Kuwerenga Gaol", limene lalembedwa mu dzina la C.3.3.

Komanso pa nthawi analemba angapo zolemba, amene amapereka maganizo ake za akaidi chipangizo. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti posachedwapa maganizo ake anakhala mbali ya bilu anatengera mu 1989 ..

Konse kunyumba, Oskar Uayld anafa November 1900 ndipo anaikidwa m'manda ku Paris.

Mwatsoka, ili woganiza wanzeru ndi mlembi anali aafupi mbiri. Oskar Uayld anamwalira iye ngakhale makumi asanu. Komano, kwa munthu woteroyo, monga Oskar Uayld, mwina linali Njira. Pambuyo pantchito mabuku ndi moyo pa nsonga ya popeza kuti anaberekera okha kapena owerenga awo, ndipo kunali kofunika kwambiri kuti wotereyo esthete.