Likungosonyeza 338 Lapua Magnum

The watsopano 338 Lapua Magnum katiriji poyamba linapangidwa kuti sniping pa mtunda lalikulu Komabe, tsopano ntchito dongo njiwa kuwombera, komanso alenje. 338 Lapua Magnum kumachitika pakati .50 BMG yolimbanirana ndi .308 Winchester.

kusankhidwa

Mu 1983, Unduna wa za chitetezo analengeza mpikisano kulenga chipolopolo latsopano Sniper a. The katiriji anayenera kukwaniritsa magawo angapo. Choyamba, zinali chinthu chotupa kukula chandamale pa mndandanda wautali (pa 1500 meters), ndipo kachiwiri - kufalitsa chipolopolo kwa 900 m / gawo misa 250 tirigu (1 gran = 0,0647 magalamu).

nkhani

Pakati pa anthu, kukhazikitsidwa anayesetsa Research Armament Makampani a USA. Kukwera kusaka katiriji .416 Rigby, okonza nsapato Obermeyer ndi Dzhim Bell (Adzawauza ndiye .700 Nitro Express, anakhala wamphamvu kwambiri kuposa masewera) kulenga katiriji kuti likukwaniritsa zofunikira za mpikisano. Iye akutenga dzina .338 Bell. Koma ngakhale mwambo ofunda zinthu, pali sangathe kwambiri. Wamanja .416 Rigby sindikanakhoza kupirira kuthamanga amphamvu mpweya ufa ndi mwamphamvu opunduka, amene osati zinachititsa kuti kuwonongeka mofulumira zida, koma zingakhale zoopsa kwa chowombelera.

Pambuyo kulephera loyamba

Palm anasamukira kampani kuchokera Lapua Finland. Iwo analenga malaya pachiyambi, ndipo anaganiza vuto mapindikidwe. Ife katiriji botolo woboola pakati zapamadzi, mulomo si protrude. Kuthamanga pazipita pa kuphulika kwa ufa - 400 MPa, ndi malaya kupirira mavuto 420 MPa. Ndiye iwo anayamba ndi chipolopolo china, abwino kwambiri kwa kuwombera munthu chapatali lalikulu. Patatha zaka zinayi, mu 1987, kampani akuyamba kubala 338 likungosonyeza (8.6 mamilimita × 70) pansi lakuti Lapua Magnum.

wakupha chete

Limodzi ndi chilengedwe cha katiriji, ndi olimba Zowona Mayiko LTD ku England anali osauka mfuti likungosonyeza 338, cholinga chimene anali kuwombera zolondola pa ataliatali mu kwambiri zinthu (otsika kutentha, mphepo yamphamvu). Otchedwa Arctic Sniper mfuti, analitcha "wakupha chete". Tsopano ife tikudziwa izo pansi pa dzina Arctic Nkhondo Magnum, L115A, ndi L96. Pamene kuwombera ndi chimodzi kilometre mfuti inafalikira 15-16 cm, ndi chizindikiro kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, pansi mfuti likungosonyeza .50 browning kupezeka anali ndi mita m'mikhalidwe yemweyo, chifukwa zimakhudza lalikulu, kulemera ndi kuwombera zambiri mokweza.

Kuyambira mfuti Arctic anakweza mbiri, mpaka pano palibe aliyense anakwapula: akatemera awiri a anthu awiri pa mtunda wa pafupi awiri makilomita anaphedwa.
Mfuti Arctic Nkhondo Magnum angakhale calibers awiri: 6.2 ndi 7,62. Kulemera izo ndi magazini kanthu zingasiyane malingana ndi kusinthidwa wa makilogalamu 6.1 kuti 7.3.

Mitundu zipolopolo

The katiriji anali mtundu umodzi wokha zipolopolo mpaka 1996. Zikamera zipolopolo latsopano kwambiri kukodzedwa mungachite kuti zotheka moyo katiriji. mitundu isanu zipolopolo amenewa anayamba pansi .338 LM:

1. SP (zofewa mfundo).
2. Kugawa (mopanda, gulu pachimake).
3. HPBT (tapered mchira gawo, ndi M'mimbamo mu mphuno).
4. FMJBT (chipolopolo, tapered mchira gawo).
5. FMJ (chipolopolo chipolopolo).

SP chofukizira ndi chipolopolo pa yolemera magalamu 12.96 (200 mbewu) ali koyamba chipolopolo mathamangidwe 1002 m / gawo. Dzenje-mfundo chipolopolo ndi 250 tirigu kulemera (16.2 g) mu 897 zotuluka zosonyezera m / gawo, ndi kusaka GB488 VLD ali mathamangidwe 910 m / gawo pa thupi lomwelo. Komanso ntchito zida zankhondo-kuboola incendiary zipolopolo Zida Kuboola ndi Zida Kuboola Incendiary.

mitundu yambiri ya zipolopolo kusaka (Barnes XLC-Bullit - 14,6 ga, Sierra MatchKing - 19,4 ga, Homady SpirePoint - 16,2 g), anayamba pansi katiriji, ndipo anakumana specifications onse. The ndege liwiro zamitundumitundu awo kuchokera 754 mpaka 920 m / s.

Ntchito katiriji ndi

Likungosonyeza 338 "Lapua" linapangidwa kuti sniping ndi uzigwirizana ndi ntchito yake chifukwa cha njira yodutsamo mosabisa ndi mkulu molondola, koma dongo njiwa kuwombera ankagwiritsa ntchito ngakhale pamaso ulaliki wake boma. Mu 1986, US anapambana muvi Mpikisanowo naye Virginia. Komanso katiriji ntchito ndi alenje. Iye chotchuka kwambiri pakati mafani varmint kusaka (kusaka pa maulendo ataliatali) ndi Benchrest (kuwombera kuchokera osiyanasiyana yaitali pa chandamale pepala).

Pakuti kusaka zipolopolo katiriji amenewa anayamba kukhala ndi mphamvu kulasa nyama masekeli mpaka matani a.

kupanga

Kuwonjezera pa Lapua Chifinishi kampani, chinkhoswe kupanga za katiriji ngati kampani Czech Sellier & Bellot, Norma mwatsatanetsatane (Sweden), koma panopa .338 Lapua Magnum wopangidwa yekha mu Russian pa Novosibirsk katiriji mbewu. Indicators Russian lapua penapake wolephera Baibulo pachiyambi. A buku wodzala katiriji imatchedwa ndi SP 152.

zida chambered

Lolemera katiriji .338 LM analengedwa kuti ntchito zina, ndi mfuti kuti ntchito, ayenera zikugwirizana izi. Koma chifukwa cha cholinga yopapatiza ya mifuti ambiri ndipo kodi sinafalikire, monga M98 Barrett. M98V Barrett komanso yapangidwa makamaka kwa n'zotsimikizira 338 Lapua, n'zosavuta kwambiri (kulemera 6,1 makilogalamu - mtundu wa mfuti kwenikweni pang'ono) ndi yaying'ono (1267 mm m'litali, komanso akhoza kusamutsidwa unassembled), ndi longitudinally-kutsetsereka chipata shopu kwa zipolopolo khumi, ndipo okonzeka ndi suppressor kung'anima. Ngati mfuti zina za mtundu uwu, zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuwononga zida, koma cholinga mwachindunji mipherezero moyo

338 likungosonyeza carbine Orsis SE T5000, ndi mobwerezabwereza mfuti ndi Yambitsaninso Buku, oyenera kusaka kapena chandamale kuwombera. Pakati mfuti Russian ndi chitsanzo pansi zida izi likungosonyeza pa Russian kampani "Tsar Cannon".

Ndisonyezeni zida pansi kampani likungosonyeza 338 Blaser, Remington, Keppeler, Weatherby, Zowona International (opanga "Arctic mfuti"), Sako ndi ena.
Mwa njira, ambiri a mfuti awa pabwino kukhala masewera, choncho ntchito skeet kuwombera, kuphatikizapo mu Russia. Chinthu chokha wopewa kufala kwa mfuti apamwamba - mtengo.

khalidwe karate

338 LM anakhala Kuwonjezera zabwino zipolopolo .50BMG, amene Komabe, uzigwirizana ndi ntchito yake - kuwombera pa galimoto kuwala oti muli nazo zida pa mtunda wautali, koma kuwombera pa mipherezero moyo yosayenera. Komanso, 338 likungosonyeza mfuti kunapezeka zosavuta "makumi asanu".

Likungosonyeza 338 Lapua Magnum ndi chipolopolo mopanda ali wamphamvu polekezera ndi zotsatira woopsa. Chipolopolo napyoza aliyense, ngakhale lolemera thupi zida ndi mavuto. Lapua chiphwanya ndi mpanda simenti, ndi mapepala zitsulo ndi makulidwe cm 2.4

The kusaka katiriji ndi chipolopolo kugawa angagwiritsidwe ntchito kokapha nyama zikuluzikulu monga zimbalangondo ndi ungulates chachikulu Komabe, ngakhale ndi mopanda chipolopolo katiriji ndi operewera ndi nyama zazikulu African njovu, mvuu zipembere. Pa makatiriji ngati kusaka ntchito, mwakuchita Dzhimom Bellom ndi William Feldstein, - .700 Nitro Express. The katiriji kwa kuwombera pa osiyanasiyana lalifupi, ali koyamba chipolopolo mathamangidwe a 590 m / gawo pa yolemera 64,8 ga mtunda akadakwanitsira kwa mfuti ili zipolopolo - 122 m, pamene ali ndi kupezeka kwa osapitirira 3 cm m'litali mwa katiriji 700 ndiyofanana 106 n'zotsimikizira. 88 mm, kubwerera, ngakhale kuti thupi katundu wa mfuti, ndi lingamutsatire - chida basi alandirana kupalasa. Koma osati chabe .700 Nitro Express imatengedwa amphamvu kwambiri woyang'anira dziko. Katiriji mphamvu ndi 11.279 J, ndiwo zokwanira zotsatira pokhudzana ndi rollover akuthamanga Chipembere kapena njovu. Ngakhale ndi kugonjetsedwa mu malo neuboynoe nyama wotaya amatha panthawi kwa mphindi 5 mpaka 20, ndipo pa nthawi iyi mlenje akhoza kutsiriza nyama kwa mfuti mbandakucha.

mbiri utumiki

338 Lapua Magnum katiriji ntchito zolinga asilikali. Icho chinali kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu nkhondo Afghanistan (2001), mu Iraq, komanso kum'mawa kwa Ukraine ndi Libya.

Chuck 338 "Lapua" otchuka awiri kuwombera Craig Harris anapangidwa (a zosachepera wotchuka "mfuti Arctic") - mu 2009, zipolopolo ziwiri umalimbana anapha awiri gunners mdani makina ku Afghanistan.

Ndi izi woyang'anira odziwika anasangalala Sniper Kris Kayl ku US, pamene opangidwa kuwombera ake malekezero -. 1940 mamita Mu Sadr City mu 2008, anapha Launcher roketi yemwe anali woti kuwombera pa convoy ya usilikali US.

Wina wotchuka anawomberedwa Lapua Magnum katiriji anapangidwa ndi British chomenya Christopher Reynolds. Komanso Afghanistan, koma patapita chaka, iye anapha umalimbana kuwombera kuchokera 1853 meters Taliban mtsogoleri kumuwombera dzina Mullah. Kuwombera izi Kristofer Reynolds anali kupereka ndi Mendulo.

makatiriji zina likungosonyeza 338

Katiriji 338 akhoza kutchedwa Nkhata pang'ono asamayendeyende, ngakhale kuti ali ndi ntchito zabwino. 338 Winchester Magnum - kusaka katiriji anafuna kupha nyama zazikulu (kuphatikizapo zimbalangondo ndi mbawala), ali mitundu itatu yokha zipolopolo, zimene zimachititsa kutchuka kwake pakati alenje, ngakhale watenga malo amphamvu mu kagawo kakang'ono ake amphamvu kwambiri katiriji sing'anga likungosonyeza, sananenedwe kwa chipolopolo kuwombera pa mtunda wautali. Sales ku America, iye chivomereza 7 mm Rem magazini ndi 300 Win magazini. Mu likungosonyeza 338 Win magazini mu America ndi kuzungulira dziko opangidwa kwambiri zida: Remington & apos; 700, Steyr - Mannlicher wa S, Winchester, Alaska inu ndi ena.

Other zipolopolo za likungosonyeza chomwecho - .338 Weatherby Magnum. Zipolopolo anakhazikitsa maziko a .378 WeatherbyMagnum. Komanso, monga okonza wa Research Armament Malawi, Roy Uezerbi analenga katiriji yatsopano, ndi crimping wa kudzanja. Komabe, mosiyana 338 Bell, zapamadzi izi anapirira mavuto mpweya wa chopopera ndi mpikisano bwinobwino ndi anamasulidwa pa msika .338 Win magazini, ndi kulemera ndi 250 mbewu limasonyezanso liwiro 900 m / gawo.

Mu latsopano kampani katiriji Weatherby mfuti anapezerapo zitsanzo "Akkyumark", "Synthetics" ndi TPM.

Chidwi mfundo: 338 Lapua Magnum wakhala dzina bukhu kuchokera kwa mutu wakuti "Stalker". Pambuyo kukhala ndi kuika mu ntchito katiriji anali kukonza mawu akuti "marksman". Choncho tinayamba kuyitana oponya mivi pa mtunda prohibitive.

Kusankha likungosonyeza kuti sniping

Pali maganizo ambiri, koma iwo onse akuvomereza chinthu chimodzi: pali ena likungosonyeza chilengedwe chonse, ndi 338 yotero. Komanso, zotsatira za likungosonyeza akhoza zimasiyana kwambiri malingana chipolopolo ndi, kulemera kwake ndi mawonekedwe, komanso kuchuluka kwa onga. Mivi mwina okha kusintha zipolopolo, kusintha magawo angapo kumanja kwa izo, koma makamaka ndipo ayenera kulankhula za makatiriji fakitale. Kulikonse ali mavuto ake ndi kuchotserapo. Aliyense n'zotsimikizira uzigwirizana okha ndi ntchito anasiyira iye, kotero chinthu choyamba muyenera kusankha nawo.

Kuwala gauges (m'munsimu makumi atatu) tsopano akupereka pafupifupi onse opanga zida. Ngati kale izo ankakhulupirira kuti calibers kuwala ali oyenera okha kuwombera pa mtunda wa mamita zosakwana 300, tsopano mpikisano othamanga ntchito ngakhale pamene kuwombera wautali mpaka kilometre wina. The kuphatikiza waukulu likungosonyeza wa - sayenda. Manja ndi zipolopolo ochepa thupi amalola mumayenda yolimbanirana ndi mofulumira kuyankha kusintha kwa zinthu.

Sing'anga-likungosonyeza, umene uli ndi .338, anaikira yaitali mtunda kuwombera. Poyerekeza ndi gulu loyamba, zida zotere kovuta. Komanso, kagwiritsidwe ntchito kake amafuna udindo waukulu malamulo: 338 "Lapua" yopuma mwa mpanda konkire, ndipo pamene ntchito zipolopolo mopanda kungakhale pafupifupi 100% mwayi kuti sipadzakhala mwayi kupulumuka anthu.

Lolemera calibers - "makumi asanu" zotsutsana kwambiri. Pa dzanja limodzi, iwo kuchita ntchito zabwino ndi kugonjetsedwa zida pa mtunda wautali, koma ndi anthu oti si zogwira mtima. Inde, 50 likungosonyeza mfuti chipolopolo amatha kutuma kwa mtunda wa pa awiri makilomita, koma zimakhudza zinthu zambiri moti khalidwe umalimbana moto pa kukula kwa chandamale amakhala pafupi zosatheka. Kotero, anamenyedwa zolondola mu zoterezi - mlandu si yamasewera. Musaiwale kuti katiriji choyambirira linaikidwa kwa mfuti ya makina.

Pomaliza

Ngakhale kuti zida kupirira ntchito anatumizidwa kwa icho, ali zina zabwino. Poyerekeza ndi "magulu" likungosonyeza mfuti zing'onozing'ono 338. Iwo kulemera avareji nthawi imodzi ndi theka zochepa. Komabe likungosonyeza 338 alibe negate Impact amphamvu ndi lalikulu kulira kwa mfuti ndi. Mfuti ayenera akhale okonzeka ndi kuipanikiza nanyema, muvi ndi mpofunikila kugwiritsa ntchito njira kuteteza makutu anu. Mfuti ali ndi kulemera 4.3 makilogalamu amadza wofanana makilogalamu 6,88 / cm, amene imagwera mkati gulu pamwamba pafupifupi.

338 likungosonyeza mfuti si bajeti gulu. Kuzindikira kuthekera zonse zida ndi zipolopolo m'pofunika kugula mtengo Optics wamphamvu. Izo analimbikitsanso kupereka silencer mfuti kuteteza atakuchotserani kumva kwanu ndi kuteteza dzanja kufalitsa zinyalala pafupi.

Akukhulupirira kuti likungosonyeza 338 analengedwa kudzaza kusiyana pakati pa .30 likungosonyeza (7.62 mm) ndi .50 (12.7mm). Mwina izi ziri choncho. Poyerekeza ndi woyamba Leya anaberekera 338 Lapua, ndi kumakula dziwe, kupatula poyera kuti mphepo ndi bwino anakhalabe mphamvu kayendedwe m'derali, ndipo zimenezi zotsatira zambiri woopsa.

Chifukwa cha njira yodutsamo ake mosabisa munition mwamphamvu mizu mwa akatswiri asilikali ndi apolisi snipers. Ndi chida pofunika amatha kuwombera pa mtunda kilometre, ndi pansi makhalidwe abwino, monga taonera pamwambapa, amapereka 15 okha masentimita kuwanditsa pa kuwombera pa mtunda izi. Apo ayi, chirichonse malire ndi mphamvu ya muvi.