Nkhondo Alimi '

Alimi 'Nkhondo ya 1773-1775 sanali kupanduka loyamba Amaya. Kale zaka khumi zisanachitike izi, mawu amenewa adali woposa makumi anayi. Ambuye anabweretsa serfs wake mtima. Yotsirizira ena amanena bwino osati atayesera kuthawa. Pakati pa anthu wamba kufalitsa manifestos onyenga ndi malamulo ndi za adzathedwa serfdom. Panali onyenga ambiri. Kotero, anali mwalamulo olembedwa milandu isanu ndi maonekedwe yekha, "Peter III», amene anafa mu 1762. Against maziko zotchulidwa, naswa wamba nkhondo kutsogoleredwa ndi Emelyana Pugacheva.

Iye anabadwa pa Don, m'mudzi wa Zimoveyskoy (chomwechi pamene zaka mazana izo zisanachitike anadza Stepan Razin). Ngakhale mu zaka 17 iye anali pa nkhondo ndi Turkey, ndi Prussia. Pakuti kulimbamtima kunkhondo analandira udindo wa mphalasa. Emelyan anamangidwa chifukwa kuteteza zofuna za Cossacks wamba ndi anthu wamba. Mu 1773 anathawa ku ndende mu Kazan. Kuwonekera pa Yaik, iye anayambitsa monga Peter III ndipo anasonkhana kwa iye 80 Cossacks. Patapita milungu iwiri, chiwerengero cha asilikali ake anali kale anthu 2500.

Wamba nkhondo ngakhale anayamba pakati Cossacks, anagwira ake ndi kugwira ntchito, ndi serfs ndi osema, nthumwi za mayiko ambiri a m'dera Volga. Komanso pansi limodzi logwirizana mbendera ya udani wa ambuye wa Okhulupirira Old, Asilamu, achikunja ndipo Orthodox. E. Pugachev mowolowa manja anauza ndipo amasonyeza. Yotchuka kwambiri analonjeza zakale serf chifuniro, dziko, dera, anawamasula kwa misonkho.

Wamba nkhondo inayamba pa Yaik chomwecho. Choyamba Pugachev asilikali analanda tauni yaing'ono mtsinje. Ndiye iwo anazinga ndi Orenburg - ndi ovuta zofunika kum'mwera kum'mawa kwa dziko. Kuti belo Mzinda wa asilikali Mfumukazi kutsogoleredwa ndi General Kara. General asilikali anagonjetsedwa, Bashkirs, amene anatsagana ndi mayiyu, anatenga mbali ya Pugachev. asilikali anapanga anapitiriza kugonjetsa mizinda ya Russia.

Patapita chaka Pugachev potsiriza anagonjetsedwa pafupi Orenburg. Wamba nkhondo analowa gawo wake wachiwiri. Detachments opanduka anabwelela ku Urals, anagwira pawo ndipo m'mene anasamukira ku Kazan, anagonjetsedwa. Komabe, mzinda anathamangira kwa asilikali Mfumukazi kutsogoleredwa ndi Michelson. Nkhondoyi Pugachev analephera. mazana asanu a anthu ake anasamukira ku mbali ina ya Volga.

Alimi 'Nkhondo itatha ndi kuthawira Pugachev, ngakhale izo zimawoneka m'malo kuwukira. Kuyendera ndi Volga pansi kuti kwa Don, asilikali ake anapitiriza ulendo wa analanda mzindawo. Ndipo basi pofuna atsopano kugwila Tsaritsyn udachita iye kugonjetsedwa komaliza. Pugachev ndi ochepa otsatira anabisala kupitirira Volga kuyembekeza msanga kusonkhanitsa gulu kachiwiri. Komabe, panali Cossack ku wolemera Analanda mzindawo ndipo anatumizidwa ku mfumukazi khola Moscow kuti potero kupeza mwayi wake. Mu January 1775 Pugachev anaphedwa pamodzi ndi gulu lake pa Bolotnaya Square. Iwo anapatsidwa chilango ndi anthu ena a ntchito. Hiramu anatumiza, amene anakhazikitsa zokoloweka ndi ikulendewera mitembo ya anthu anaphedwa anamasulidwa mu kusambira kudutsa Volga kuopseza anthu ndi kupewa kuthekera kupanduka wina.

Khamu la anthu wamba, kutsogozedwa ndi Pugachev anagonja ngakhale misa. Chifukwa cha ichi chinali akulembayo wake, ndende ya magalimoto malo limodzi, kusowa choopsa cha zida zosiyanasiyana ndine wapamwamba wa gulu, kupanda zolinga ananena momveka bwino, pulogalamu bwino, chikhulupiriro zilizonse mu mfumu yabwino.

Koma iyo inasonyeza nzothandiza makamaka Catherine II angapo a kukonza kulemekeza matupi lolamulira pansi, komanso kuphatikiza la malamulo ufulu wa magulu anthu.