Lily: mitundu ndi mitundu. Muthu hybrids maluwa

alimi ambiri an'kanthunthumira okhometsa maluwa okongola, ndi ambiri mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Bulbous pachimake malingana hybrid kalasi, kuya kubzala, ndi digiri ya m'dera zowunikira. Ngati muli m'munda wanu zosonkhanitsira lonse la hybrids osiyana, chiwerengero kubzala maluwa akuyamba kumapeto June zimatha mpaka autumn, pamene mitundu pachimake, alternately akutiakuti. Tiyeni tipeze mwatsatanetsatane zonse za kubzala ndi chisamaliro cha mitundu izi chodabwitsa, ngati maluwa. Mitundu ndi mitundu ya zomera yagawidwa m'magawo 9. ifenso yosanthula lalikulu zolakwa wamaluwa ndi Dziŵani kuswana zaluso.

Kalasi ndi gulu

Ndipo ndithu, pali pamwamba kuposa kutsata pofuna kupeza zachilendo ndiponso kudzitamandira kwa oyandikana nawo, chifukwa chiwerengero cha mbewu MITUNDU ukufika 3000 zinthu zosiyanasiyana. Komabe, misa okwana alimi zoipa amakumbukira mau a dzina mitundu kakombo, moganizira mitundu ndi mawonekedwe (chigawo). Makamaka kuyambira ena landings ndi kuyendayenda kwa munda munda, titero, incognito, kuwombola. Choyamba, tiyeni tikambirane gulu la partitions ndi:

• Muthu Maluwa (A) - kwambiri wodzichepetsa, ndipo mogwirizana ndi kufalikira pa gawo lathu kuyambira nthawi makedzana. Good yozizira, ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono a mitundu yosiyanasiyana, amene anafotokoza mu zoyambirira za m'chilimwe. Oimira mtundu umenewu osanunkhiza mokonda mosatha kuneneka chomukondweretsa maluwa kwa kudula.
• Longiflorum kakombo Longiflorum (LO) - ndi onunkhira kwambiri nkhani zonse anapereka.
• hybrids Oriental kapena Orientali (D) alinso ndi kulimbikira fungo. Ankaona kuti okongola kwambiri zigawo zonse. Pachimake pakati pa mapeto a August - September.
• Tubular kakombo (T) - wotchuka mu chigawo chapakati ndi pafupifupi lakuthwa fungo lokhuthala lolepheretsa anthu kupuma.

Tinasamukira mtundu zigawo, kupita hybrids (kuwoloka pakati pa zigawo), amene nthawi zonse kusinthidwa mitundu yatsopano ya maluwa (hybrids ndi mayesero ena bwino kuswana). Ena mitundu osokonezeka, zimene alimi wotchuka kwambiri, komanso alibe ndi kutchulidwa lakuthwa kununkhira. Fungo la maluwa hybrid kakombo anayamba wachifundo.

Mabwalo hybrid

Ambiri zochepa ankaona East hybrids Asian (o), ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti asayansi sangathe amapeza okwanira mitundu. Zambiri za gawo ukufanizidwa ndi yowala maluwa lalanje-wofiira ndi malire chikasu kapena oyera.

Koma kuti bwino undoubted wa kuswana zikhoza kuganiziridwa hybrids ndi LA hybrids Komabe, kulima ndi kuswana zigawo izi pali mavuto ena, amene tiyenera nkhani.

Iwo ayenera kukumbukira kuti wotsiriza, gawo chinayi akugwirizira maluwa ambiri zakutchire.

Kodi kukula hybrids?

Chaka ndi chaka, khalidwe la kunja kwa dziko lathu zinthu hybrid mosasintha kukacha. Kunadetsa otchuka ndi kakombo. mitundu ake kukhala wokongola okongola koposa, ndi kuwasamalira si monga zovuta monga zingaoneke wosadziwa wodzala. N'chifukwa chiyani anthu ena okonda zomera ndi pachangu palibe kudzala hybrid, tubular kapena mitundu Asian? Inde, chifukwa, kamodzi tidakocheza babu ndipo anadza chisoni, iwo kudzisankhira okha zochita izi ndi kwa osankhika a. Muyenera kumvetsa ulamuliro wina losavuta: kudzala kafalitsidwe zakuthupi ndi zokumbira mpeni pofuna kutsimikiza ndi yozizira koopsa - kutali osokera. Kwambiri anabzala kokha mitundu Asian ndi hybrids wa maluwa ndi mitundu tubular Longiflorum oimira adzaikidwe mu nthaka kuti akuya 10-15 cm pofuna, ndipo anasonyeza pa ma CD. Mu mphamvu yathu yozindikira ndi chozama lingaliro la frosts aakulu yozizira.

Kodi n'chiyani chikuchitikira babu pamene anabzala kwambiri?

Yankho la funso ili pafupi zoonekeratu. Pamene babu akuswa kwambiri tsamba matenthedwe zinthu nyengo kukula, amene imafoola chomera ndipo mwina kumabwezera mmbuyo maluwa, kapena kwathunthu kumatha ndondomeko imeneyi. Tangoganizani chochitika ichi: masika nyongolosi ayenera kuwala, ndipo anakhala mphamvu zake zonse chakuti mtunda wa masentimita 25 kapena ngakhale zakuya. Ndiye zomera chabe sadzapitiriza kukhala mphamvu mu pachimake, ndi yekhayo wochepa mphukira phesi ndipo akhala onse chilimwe wosakhazikika. Choncho, Lily (kalasi) Royal ndi zitafuna bookmarks mababu pa akuya 5-6 cm. Asanadzalemo duwa pomwepo kenaka pang'ono kusengedwa ntchito secateurs. Izi zingathandize zakudya dothi mwamsanga umalowa mu mababu choncho, ndi bwino mutuwo. Chabwino, ngati mmene anali kuyembekezera, nthawi yomweyo pambuyo atagona mfundo nthaka zomera bwino anakhetsa.

kusiya Nyengo

Modern OT maluwa hybrids (mitundu Shoking, Robin, Dallas), komanso La, LO-, o hybrids zingabzalidwe onse m'dzinja ndi masika mu May, pamene nthaka bwino analimbikitsa mmwamba. Maluwa anabzala mbeu masika tingayembekezere mu nyengo ilili. Kumene, kodi si zoona kuti pomwepo ambiri maluwa pa chitsamba, koma alimi - anthu akuchedwa. Ndipo chikondi, pamene zipatso (ndi mu nkhani iyi maluwa) za ntchito yawo akhoza imawunikidwa mwamsanga nyengo m'tsogolo.

Polekera madzi?

Pambuyo kakombo Asian (mtundu Aphrodite, ndi masinfikisi ndi zina) mabasi maluwa, muyenera kudula tsinde la kupsa kwambiri ndi ana yotsatira maluwa nyengo chitsamba anapanga kuchokera mphukira zingapo amphamvu. Zimenezi zikugwira ntchito kwathunthu kwa hybrids ena. Tsopano inu mukhoza kusiya madzi okwanira. Ngati kubzala mitundu yatsopano pansi zakonzedwa kugwa, babu sangakhoze madzi pofuna kupewa chinyezi amaika nthaka, chotero, kumaonjezera ngozi ya yozizira koopsa.

Kodi kusunga hybrids yozizira?

Ambiri mabedi maluwa ndi anabzala okonda kupeza maluwa kum'maŵa (Betty kalasi Allegro, Aurora, Africa, Imperial Gold ndi ena) ndi chiyembekezo kuti osatha zomera bulbous musati amafuna kulanda zonse ndi kusunga m'nyengo yozizira. Koma kwenikweni, hybrids zonsezi tatchulazi amakonda kusunga youma yozizira. Mwachidule, muyenera kukumba mababu m'dzinja ndi zouma, ndi yotsala ya phesi kuchotsedwa. Ndiye kusunga monga Gladiolus, pa kutentha kwa madigiri +1 kuti +5 mu mdima (mwachitsanzo, mu firiji kapena wapadera m'chipinda chapansi kunyumba).

pogona youma

Kumbukirani momwe ife anatchula okhometsa kwenikweni, kuposa chaka chimodzi kukula m'munda wake makumi angapo mitundu hybrid? Nanga bwanji za aja amene maluwa kukolola mofanana kupatula kuti ndi mbatatesi? Pankhaniyi n'zotheka ntchito wotchedwa pogona youma pamene topsoil zakhala zikuzunza m'miyoyo filimu, kenako nkhungu wosanjikiza wa mulching chuma (utuchi zouma masamba, udzu). Ndipo kenako pa kuphimbira yaikidwa yoteroyo Oil, pambuyo - wosanjikiza mafilimu kutentha kachiwiri. Makamaka okondwa njira kuphimba Asian hybrids maluwa (mitundu Abiti Ellis, kambuku, nsonga Blackbird, sorbet, etc.). nthaka youma pansi pa kuphimbira wosanjikiza chingapezeke ngati filimu yaikidwa padziko babu pasanapite nthawi kuchokera nthawi maluwa. Chifukwa chinyontho anapeza pa filimu pa mvula yoyambilira ya nyundo kulipo pakati pa mizere poyambira. Choncho, nthaka pa babu ikhalebe youma ndipo sangathe zii ngakhale kuya kwa bookmarks mababu masentimita 10 okha. Mufilimuyi kuphimbira zakuthupi ndi lapnikom kupanga chitetezo zina mbewu. Zimene pogona ndi wokhoza kuteteza maluwa (mitundu, kufotokoza ndi malangizo ambiri takambirana m'nkhani ino), ndi kubwerera ku frosts masika.

chisamaliro masika

M'chaka cha zigawo filimu, ndipo mukhoza tichotse kuphimbira pambuyo limatsogolera ya misa chisanu. Musalole nthaka damping kuchokera pansi mwachindunji dzuwa. Komabe, chisanu ndi othamanga maonekedwe mphukira aziti iyeyu n'ngwabwino, pa bedi la maluwa kuika Arc, amene anagona ndi wandiweyani chophimba zakuthupi. Izi adzalola pogona kwa kufunda, kupeza mphukira oyambirira, komanso kulola mpweya mwa kutentha zinawonongeka kuti zimafala momasuka.

mitundu Zophatikiza Nthaŵi zonse kusinthidwa

Ngati timaika bwino nkhani ano kuswana, ndiye iwo akhoza m'gulu la kakombo (mtundu wa makalasi wakale, Siberia, Optimist) ndi mkulu chisanu kukana. Izi hybrids kum'maŵa amatha m'nyengo yozizira ndi sanali otchedwa pogona youma. Munthu tcheru, zatsopano hybrids kuswana - LOO (kum'mawa Longiflorum). Large-babu anawoloka nayo pamodzi Longiflorum ndipo ali chimphona "magalamafoni" akuyesetsa masentimita 40 m'mimba mwake. Bwino kwambiri chitsanzo - kakombo (Daimondi kalasi) woyera. M'nyengo yozizira pamafunika pogona youma ndi thicker (mpaka masentimita 30) wosanjikiza kuphimbira.

Chifukwa Oriental hybrids sangathe pachimake mu nyengo yotsatira?

maluwa Oriental pachimake mu Mwachitsanzo otsiriza, m'dzinja. Ziyenera kukhala mu kubzala kasupe anachedwa ndi anabzala ndi anyezi, tiyerekeze kumapeto kwa June, ndi malidza pachimake mpaka October. Ndipo ngati yozizira koopsa adzatsika kuchokera kubwera kwa November, ndi chive ndiribe nthawi kuti achire. Choncho n'kofunika kuti aziona nthawi kubzala, mogwirizana ndi nthawi ya maluwa a hybrid ndi kuwerenga pa nthawi osachepera zina isanayambe nyengo yozizira. Chotero "tchuthi," mbewu kuti tipeze mphamvu pamaso pa nyengo yotsatira ndi nthawi ziyenera kutero osachepera pa mwezi.

A pang'ono za tizirombo

Ife kutchulidwa osati mavuto onse maluwa mababu. Sitinatchule ndi tizirombo ambiri amene angathe kuwononga chiimire osati zatsvetshee ulemerero. M'nthawi ya chilimwe, muyenera kukhala ndi njira yolongosoka yonyansa, gnarled, mphukira anawerama ndi mawanga pa pamakhala ndi nthawi kupeza iwo. Akuwombera freaks chizindikiro matenda enaake amene anapha kapena dothi kapena babu. Mwa kupereka nsembe mbewu imodzi angateteze mabuku otsalawo. Nthaka kumene anakakhala kachilombo zomera ndi yabwino yothetsera mipweya, makamaka operekedwa kwa motsutsana tizilombo matenda maluwa.

matenda, ngati zowola anyezi zikuoneka chifukwa chosowa dongosolo ngalande, madzi stagnation pa mizu, komanso oyamba mdzenje pamene kubzala sikokwanira chawola manyowa.

Zofunika! Lily sangakhoze anabzala pa malo pamene anakhala tulips Polingalira za propensity lalikulu la yotsirizira chotero kachilombo koopsa monga pestrolepestnost.

Pomaliza

Choncho tinaphunzira kuti hybrids kakombo sindimakonda pamene iwo anabzala pa akuya bwino, ndi zomera yozizira amakonda "pogona youma." Taonera kuti chapakati Russia ndi Madera a North gulu, kwambiri ndinazolowera zikhalidwe za kukhalako ndi muthu hybrids. Ndipo tinaona kuti mitundu yatsopano ya hybrids mowirikiza kudzadza.