Lingaliro ndi mbiri ya buku la "Ndipo Matama Umayenda ya Don"

The kwambiri kulenga ntchito Mihaila Sholohova ankaona buku "Ndipo Matama Umayenda ya Don". Mu ntchito iyi, mlembi ali zidzaululika kwathunthu talente yake zolembalemba ndipo anatha kupereka woona ndi chidwi kufotokoza moyo wa Don Cossacks. Mpukutu, lomwe lili ndi zochitika mu zaka zisanu ndi zinayi yaitali, walakika zopinga zambiri pamaso inasindikizidwa. Monga kusanduka monga momwe mbiri ya chilengedwe cha buku la "Ndipo Matama Umayenda ya Don"?

"Donschina"

Pamene ntchito pa mndandanda wa "Don nkhani" Sholokhov ankadziwa kuti fotokozani gawo zovuta ndi Don Cossacks pa 1917. Choncho anayamba mbiri ya "Kanthu Don" wa buku la. Kufotokoza mwa chidule za ndawala Kornilov pa Petrograd ndi Cossacks ankatchedwa "Donschina". Kuyambapo ndi mapepala angapo kulemba ntchito Sholokhov ankadzifunsa ngati izo zikanakhala buku chidwi owerenga. Wolemba anakulira Don munda, choncho zotchulidwa pamanja, anali pafupi ndi momveka. Mihail Aleksandrovich amaganizira za chilengedwe cha ntchito, zomwe anafotokoza osati ulimi, komanso zochitika mpaka izo. Sholokhov ikufotokoza zifukwa zimene Cossacks asankha nawo zochitika kunachitika, ndi kutitengera otchulidwa amene Olinganiza zoikidwiratu bwino kwambiri wasonyeza moyo Cossack zaka zimenezo. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, buku amapereka dzina la Sholokhov "Matama Umayenda ya Don" ndipo akuyamba kulemba buku.

Kutolere zipangizo

Wolemba anali kupita kuti akapereke kwa wowerenga za zochitika zenizeni pa zaka zonsezi, kotero mbiri ya buku epic "Ndipo Matama Umayenda ya Don" Sholokhov anayamba ndi ulendo miyala mu Moscow ndi Rostov. Kumeneko iye anaphunzira magazini akale ndi manyuzipepala, kuwerenga wapadera mabuku asilikali ndi mabuku pa mbiriyakale ya Don Cossacks.

Mothandizidwa ndi abwenzi amene anali ndi mwayi kwa emigre mabuku, Sholokhov ndi mwayi dziŵani okha ndi zolemba zosiyanasiyana akazembe ndi zolemba za alonda, amene anafotokoza zochitika asilikali. Posankha mfundo kwa buku, wolembayo wachita ntchito yaikulu mbiri. Mu buku la, ankagwiritsa ntchito mfundo nkhondo zikalata chenicheni timapepala ta, makalata matelegalamu, malamulo ndi malangizo. Sholokhov anawonjezera mu Maulendo m'buku lake - wolemba ntchito mu waudindo ndipo anali wakhama pa nkhondo ndi achifwamba a. Choncho, ambiri zochitika zinali chifukwa zidindo lenileni la wolemba.

Kugwira ntchito ndi nkhani

Pofuna kusangalala nawo zinkakhalira Cossack moyo, wolemba anagwidwa mu 1926 ku Don ndi apo kale anayamba kugwira ntchito pa mankhwala. N'zoona Veshenskaia, wolemba igwera mu malo mbadwa. Mikhail Sholokhov, amene anakulira pakati Cossacks, ndi bwino za kuwerenga maganizo a anthu padziko iye, sindikudziwa moyo wawo ndi makhalidwe abwino.

Mu 1927, iye akuyamba kukhala mbiri ya chilengedwe cha buku "Ndipo Matama Umayenda ya Don", fotokozani mwachidule zochitika zimene wolemba wapereka okwana 4 mabuku. Panapita nthawi yambiri kukafola dongosolo ntchito ngati wolemba anali kukumbukira kwambiri mfundo, zochitika ndi anthu. Mu buku kuoneka ngati za latsopano ndi zithunzi zakale: Tchernetsov, wofiira, Kornilov. Ntchito zake "Matama Umayenda ya Don" alipo anthu oposa 200 enieni, komanso 150 otchulidwa latsopano kutatha wolemba. Ena otchulidwa mokwanira anafotokoza pamodzi ndi chiwembu cha buku, pamene ena yekha kuwonekera ena zithunzi.

Dzina la buku la

Pakuti anthu Russian ndi Don Mtsinje wakhala chizindikiro cha tsogolo la Cossacks kovuta. Bata wakhala njira moyo wamtendere anthu, ndipo atafa - umboni kusintha chifukwa zisinthe. Kuyambira kale, ndi Cossacks ankachita ulimi. Don munda yotero - panali lachonde choncho mabanja ili m'mphepete mwa mtsinje.

Moyo wa mlimi chimaonekera ndipo mofanana ndi otaya azilandira mtsinje. Koma kabwerebwere kukhalapo anasintha kwa anthu, ndipo mutu wa buku amamuonera tanthauzo losiyana: si chete otaya wa Don, ndi dziko lapansi Donschiny, amene wakhala anthu a Cossacks ndipo sanaone mtendere moyo wanga.

Mbiri ya buku "Ndipo Matama Umayenda ya Don" limasonyeza kuti dzina la buku la ntchito osakaniza zotsutsana mawu, monga buku la, Sholokhov zobiriwira mtsinje, pa iwo pali nkhondo, kuphana anthu akufa. Koma otaya wopatsa wa chete Don ali wotopa, ndi Don Cossacks siziyenera kupuma. Ndipo asilikali kunyumba, ndipo apitirize kukhala m'dziko lawo ndi akulima izo.

mankhwala zikuchokera

Ntchito "Matama Umayenda ya Don" - ndi epic buku, monga ziliri m'bukumu amasonyeza kuti mfundo zazikulu za World Choyamba ndi Civil nkhondo, komanso nambala yaikulu zilembo za thupi magulu osiyanasiyana ndiponso zandale. Zochitika za buku lomaliza nthawi yaikulu - zaka 9, kulongosola zochitika kuchokera 1912 mpaka 1921-TH. Mu ntchito yake zochitika zonse za protagonist akugwirizanira miyoyo ya anthu ndi chikhalidwe. Mbiri ya "Matama Umayenda ya Don" buku zikusonyeza kusiyana zikuchokera m'buku lakuti: ndi pa dzanja limodzi, ndi chikondi ndi mtendere wa moyo dziko, ndi pa zina - Nkhanza ndi zochitika asilikali.

Gregory Melekhov

Lingaliro ndi mbiri ya "Kanthu Don" wa buku komanso otchulidwa amene ali inextricably wolemba anayesetsa kulankhula ndi Don Cossacks. Mu Grigorii Melehove amaphatikizidwa ndi makhalidwe, ndi peculiarities dziko la m'dziko lake. Wolemba zikusonyeza protagonist devotee banja mwambo, koma potha kuphwanya lamulo aliyense wa chilakolako. Gregory ndi nkhondo osiyana, koma kwa zaka zonse nkhondo, nthawi zambiri kuti wistfully kukumbukira kwawo.

Sholokhov amalenga khalidwe ndi nyonga zam'kati ndi kudzidalira, ndipo zimamuthandiza chiyambi opanduka. Zinthu zinasintha wa mbiri chimene chinasintha kuti mwachizolowezi ya Don Cossacks, chinachitikira ndi kusintha moyo patokha Gregory. The ngwazi sangathe kumvetsa ndi amene anafunikira kukhala - ndi ofiira kapena oyera, ndipo pakati pa akazi awiri. Kumapeto kwa buku Gregory abwelela kunyumba kwa mwana wake, ndi dziko lakwawo.

otchulidwa yaikazi buku la

Mbiri kulenga za "Matama Umayenda ya Don" buku limatiuza kuti kufotokoza Gregory Melehova wolemba ntchito chifanizo cha Russian m'mphawi wamba. Kulemba zilembo zazikulu ntchito, Mikhail Sholokhov amaipidwa ndi maganizo awo za tsogolo la akazi Russian.

Izi ndi mayi a Gregory - Ilinichna amene timapezamo mfundo za umodzi wa anthu onse ndi amayi, angathe chikondi ndi chifundo ngakhale kwa anthu amene zinamuwawa.

mkazi Gregory - Natalia, amene amasunga moto banja, ngakhale zochitika wauzimu chifukwa cha kupanda chikondi cha mwamuna wake.

Aksinya komanso chionekera ludzu ake ufulu ndi yotopetsa chikondi - akuganiza kuti ukwati analephera amugwila mlandu chifukwa cha kuphwanya malamulo ndipo ziletsedwa.

Atamunamizira plagiarism

The awiri mabuku oyamba, lofalitsidwa mu 1928, anabweretsa wolemba wopambana kwambiri. Iye anatumiza makalata wachangu ndi oitanira kwa zisudzo, koma patapita chaka maganizo onse zasintha. Anthu akukayikira kuti wolemba achinyamata ndi wosadziwa walemba ntchito yaikulu chotero luso mphamvu nokha. Kumayambiriro cholemba "The Matama Don", wolemba anali zaka 22, ndipo mwa zinthu zolembalemba ngongole wake - wina zosonkhanitsira okha nkhani yochepa. Kusinthasintha ankayambitsa komanso chifukwa chakuti mabuku awiri oyamba wolemba walemba zaka 2.5 chabe, ndi zoona Sholokhov ankaona osaphunzira munthu, chifukwa kokha maphunziro grade 4.

Komanso zimautsa kukayikira za olemba mbiri ya buku "Ndipo Matama Umayenda ya Don", mwachidule imene ankati chapezeka mumtolo pafupi msilikali woyera ndi lofalitsidwa ntchito yake monga Sholokhov. Kutsimikizira kusalakwa wolemba anali kusonkhanitsa ntchito yapadera, ndipo ntchito potsutsa kuneneza. Chifukwa cha atatu katswiri - graphology, chizindikiritso komanso kalembedwe - olemba udatsimikiziridwa.

Buku la buku la

Bukhu loyamba ndi lachiwiri anali bwino yaikulu owerenga, koma ndi buku la magawo atatu la vuto. mutu wake woyamba lofalitsidwa mu nyuzipepala, koma ndiye, nkhani zimenezi anasiya. chifukwa chinali Sholokhov wolemba woyamba mwatsatanetsatane ndi kwathunthu anafotokoza zochitika za Civil nkhondo. Mbiri ya "Matama Umayenda ya Don" buku limatiuza kuti mu buku lachitatu la chaputala lonse analaswa ndi akonzi. Sholokhov anasankha kusintha.

otsutsa mabuku anafuna kutsatira Gregory Melehova kuti Bolshevism, koma owerenga adzakhala okondwa kutenga kusankha ngwazi, monga uyu anali yekhayo mwanzeru iye. Full lemba la ntchito popanda kuwongolera ndi kuwonjezapo kwa mkonzi zimaikidwa mu 1980.

Mbiri kulenga ya buku epic "Ndipo Matama Umayenda ya Don" Zinali zovuta, koma, ngakhale onse, buku walandira kutchuka lonse ndi kupeza chikondi cha owerenga ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana.