Wambiri Bazhov Paulo Petrovich. olemba Russian

Kodi mayanjano muli mukamva dzina Bazhov Pavel Petrovich? Sichoncho, m'maganizo anu uwoneka kwa iwo mwamsanga phiri ngale ndi chodabwitsa nyama zosaoneka, Dona wa Mkuwa Mountain ndi Danila-mbuye ... Ndipo ambiri Chofunika - kalembedwe wapadera wolemba. Zikuoneka kuti ife monga nkhungu epic wachikulire mu nsapato kotero holschovoy malaya ndi njira yanga yanga limanena za zodabwitsa za ana aang'ono inali pamwamba pa mabenchi ndi Anachotsa lapansi.

Kubadwa kwa folklorist kwambiri

Wambiri Bazhov zimachokera ku Urals fakitale Sysert m'mudzi chomwe pambuyo chinasinthidwa tauni. Wolemba tsogolo anabadwa mu January 1879. bambo ake anali kapitawo wanga.

The mnyamata zambiri anamva mbiri zosiyanasiyana zachilendo ndi miyambo ya anthu a Urals kuchokera makolo ndi antchito a zomera migodi. Mwina kale ndi chiyambi m'maganizo zodabwitsa anthu ambiri chodabwitsa kwa mapiri ndi nkhalango. Lang'anani, nthano anakantha ndingaliro ya wolota pang'ono, amaona kutambasuka zake zosiyanasiyana za nkhani kwambiri zosaneneka.

mapangidwe

Monga ana onse a m'nthawi yake, Paulo anaphunzira mu zaka zitatu kusukulu ya sekondale. Komabe, kuphunzira kunapatsidwa kwa iye mosavuta, koma chifukwa mmodzi wa ophunzira bwino za otaya awo, mwaulemu sukulu ndipo anapitiriza kuwonjezera maphunziro ku sukulu achipembedzo ndipo kenako mu seminare. Nthawi zambiri, mbiri Bazhov akhoza korona maphunziro bwino maphunziro a zaumulungu, ndi dziko sibwenzi kudziwa zithumwa onse a m'nthano Ural.

Komabe, wolemba tsogolo sanagwirizane kutenga maudindo oyera. Ndipo kotero ndinayamba kuyesa dzanja lawo pa zosiyanasiyana njira. masiku ntchito anayamba ndi chiphunzitso cha chinenero cha Chirasha mu sukulu ang'onoang'ono a kumidzi. Koma atangochoka talente wamng'ono uyu wapatsidwa kwa chiphunzitso cha mabuku Russian ndi Mpingo Chisilavo ndi Russian mu Yekaterinburg sukulu achipembedzo.

Pamodzi ndi kuphunzitsa moyo wa wolemba anafika kwambiri chikondi - Valentine Ivanitskaya, mmodzi wa ophunzira ake. Ndi mbiri yake Bazhov kuyamba kuwerenga banja.

Monga woyambitsa zinamera folklore

Masiku amenewo, katswiri wamng'onoyo anayamba mwadala kusonkhanitsa Ural folklore. Izi zinachitika mu bungwe Bazhov mini-maulendo m'midzi ndi midzi. Chidwi ndi wolemba analemba zonse angapezemo za folklore: songs, nthano, nazale rhymes ndi nthabwala, zosiyanasiyana miyambo zaklichki, miyambi, ndi mawu. wolemba anatenga zithunzi za antchito wamba kavalidwe.

Kumene, m'mudzimo kutsutsa kwa mphunzitsi eccentric zigawo koma okonzeka kugawana nkhani komanso nthano kuchokera kwa makolo awo. Ndipo ndi chudinka izi kunapangitsa maziko olimba a zolengedwa kwambiri choyambirira maloto wolemba.

Age ya chipwirikiti chachikulu

Ndiyeno Russia kubwera pa nthawi yovuta, zoipa lonse Masiku ano, nkhondo dziko, kusintha ndi mavuto kwambiri. N'zosatheka kuyerekeza zimene mtima anapirira nawo maganizo, munthu kwambiri mwauzimu mu nthawi zowawitsa kwa Russia. Koma Bazhov anali munthu wophunzira, hadapidziwa tayu kuti n'zovuta ukukhala mu Russia, antchito yosavuta zovuta monga njala m'midzi ndi midzi. Ndipo kotero, mosazengereza, ndinatenga mbali ya Bolsheviks ndi m'gululi.

Si zophweka m'masiku amenewo anali ndi banja BAZhOVA, monga, ndithudi, ndi onse amene anali ndi moyo kupyola nthawi ya masoka kwambiri. nthawi zonse zinatha Civil nkhondo, wolemba anamangidwa kawiri. Pamene iye anathawa kuchokera ku ndende. Choona chodziwika, pamene ali pafupi kufa Bazhov, anathawa kundende ndi opulumutsidwa mlimi, kubisala mu ngolo wake ndi udzu.

Moyo pansi pa boma la Soviet Union

Nkhondo itatha BAZhOVA banja anakhoza kubwerera kwawo. A nyumba yaing'ono, amene anakwanitsa kumanga ngakhale pamaso kulanda boma, ndipo tsopano banja ankaoneka womasuka kwambiri ndi mtengo malo. Mu nyumba iyi wolemba ankakhala moyo wake wamkulu. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti tsopano alipo Koma kale nyumba owonetsera zakale Bazhov.

Mpaka 30, Paulo Petrovich akumanga ntchito yake mu mawu a ndiye otchuka "m'mphawi nyuzipepala". Ntchito imeneyi walola wolemba osati kusamalira banja lake, komanso kupitiriza wanga chilakolako ndi Chofunika kwambiri ndi nkhani ya moyo - kupeza luso wowerengeka ndi kulemba wolemba zachilendo folklore.

Zinali zovuta kulemba banja m'masiku amenewo. The zokwera ndi zotsika za zotsatira kuwinduka mu Bazhov moyo mayesero kwambiri. Iye mobwerezabwereza anachotsedwa chipani, anachotsedwa mu ofesi, ndipo anafuna ngakhale kuti adzathe kumangidwa. Koma zinali mu zovuta, nthawi chosadziwika linasindikizidwa buku loyamba Pavla Bazhova "Ural anali" (1924). Pa nthawi yomweyo wolemba walandira tatchulawa malo ndi nyuzipepala mkonzi.

Monga kubadwa "Ural nkhani"

30s anali nzika Soviet aakulu kwambiri. Njala anthu anapita ku khalidwe loipa lililonse chifukwa cha moyo, ndipo pa nkhondoyi, monga ife tikudziwira, zonse zabwino. Zinali zokwanira mawu kudwala-ankaona mwangozi anati kudana chinachake kapena ngakhale mnansi wamba kwa anthu usiku wina anabwera ndi zida n'kupita naye ku osadziwika ntchito ochiritsira utitiri. Kodi kunena za mkonzi wa nyuzipepala lonse!

Mu 1937, wolemba Bazhov ndinamangidwanso. Koma, monga kale, anatha kupewa chilango. Mwachionekere, ena mphamvu wakumwamba wokondedwa luso chidzukulu. Ngakhale imeneyi, pamene banja amayenera ochita kusamutsidwa moyo womvetsa chisoni, Bazhov yonena ngati wolemba wapeza mlingo watsopano. Bazhov kuposa chaka kubisala kunyumba kuchokera NKVD. Ali ku ukapolo, mlembi, wofunitsitsa kugwira ntchito, anayamba kulemba wake wotchuka "nkhani Ural".

mabuku zachilendo

Mwina mu mbiri mabuku Russian olemba monga Paulo Bazhov. Ndipotu, kunena kuti wolemba of Creation zikhoza kukhala zofanana, penapake mwano. Ndipo lero ife mosavuta kumasulila ndi mtundu wanyimbo osachepera zimaonetsa ntchito za olemba Russian. Mwachitsanzo, palibe m'modzi adzawona kukayikira kuti Anton Pavlovich Chehov analemba nkhani makamaka yochepa, makamaka zoseketsa malangizo. Monga palibe kukayikira wina tionetse kuti "gingerbread" - Russian wowerengeka nthano.

Koma kodi kuitana chodabwitsa kuti analenga Pavel Petrovich Bazhov - 'Nkhani Ural "? Mabuku awa ndi ovuta zimachitika ndi wolemba ochiritsira Mitundu zolembalemba. Mwina, munthu umafuna kunyamula nkhani yake yochepa kuti maphwando a nkhani ana mwachizolowezi, kapena, pa zikachitika, kuti epics lapansi. Komabe, ngati inu kuyang'anitsitsa, zimaonekeratu kuti ana si nzeru za anthu ndi nzeru za anthu ndi mbiri waukulu lathuli mu dongosolo zachilendo mawu achilendo makolo lakutali-lakutali.

Kuzindikila

Mwamwayi, akulu Russian folklorist Paulo Bazhov akwaniritsa kuvomereza chilengedwe pa moyo wake. Izi imakhudzanso anthu komanso apamwamba maganizo zolembalemba. mfundo ndi yakuti, popanda kupondereza ndale, nthawi yaitali, Paulo Bazhov ankadziwika mabwalo zolembalemba monga "wokhometsa wa m'nthano." Ndipo chifukwa ofufuza ambiri amakhulupirira kuti mabuku onse Bazhov chokhazikika pa zinthu anasonkhana ndipo sayenera zokhudzana wolemba yekha.

Komabe, zaka zambiri Titanic ntchito sanathe kupatsira pachabe kwa mwini. Zaka ntchito yolenga anabweretsa ntchito zambiri loyambirira, lomwe ayenera kunyadira Bazhov. "The nkhani Ural" - ntchito otchuka wolemba, ndi zomwe zinatsala iye nthawi yaitali kuzindikira ndi otchuka.

Komabe, zinthu wolembayo si nkhani chabe. Pali mwa ntchito za wolemba ndi buku, ndi Maulendo.

Ndi chidwi kuti otsogolera panopa ndi kutikonda kwambiri chilengedwe Paulo Bazhov ndi osangalala ntchito chuma chawo. Mu nkhani ya wolemba kuwombera mafilimu kwambiri monga "The Flower Stone", "The Golden njoka", "Stepanova memo" ndi ena.

Inde, makanema ojambula anatenga malo otsiriza, "Sinyushkin bwino", "Malachite Box" ndi "Silver ziboda" - mbali yaing'ono chabe ya katswiri, maziko ntchito za mlembi.

Kupeleka chidwi kwa woyambitsa ndi Oimba ano. Ntchito wotchuka chakale zolembedwa zochokera nkhani ya Bazhov, angayenerere kuonedwa monga kuvina Prokofiev a "The nthano za Flower Stone".

pomaliza

Wambiri Bazhov angakhale osiyana ngati izo sizinali nthawi, ngati si malo koma kwambiri akadali zotheka kukumbukira zonse "ngati" ... Koma kanthu mu dziko zimachitika popanda tanthauzo.

N'zosadabwitsa osiyana, kutanthauza kuti amazipotokola ndipo motsatana mayesero choopsa ndi aakulu anapirira wolemba, Bazhov Pavel Petrovich anali okhoza kupulumutsa lizu yowala kwambiri ndi mwachindunji, kuti yekha ana ang'ono angathe kupeza. Mwina khalidwe limeneli kutetezedwa ndi opulumutsidwa munthu wamkulu ku kukhumudwa. Ndipo chifukwa aliyense wa ife ali chinachake kuphunzira kwa mmodzi wa anzeru ndi ambiri choyambirira olemba.