Mafuta mankhwala - kodi ichi, ndi kumene ntchito?

Mafuta (kapena "mafuta") - madzi mafuta, malasha kukhala anachokera ku zinthu. Mtundu uwu wa osakaniza chimasanduka ndi mankhwala amene amakhala ndi mpweya, sulfure ndi asafe.

Kodi mafuta?

Mafuta mankhwala - osakaniza analandira pambuyo processing "golide wakuda". Poyamba imene distillation. Ndiye kuchotsa. Mu mafuta pafupifupi mazana asanu ndi mankhwala. Iwo ali onse limati osiyanasiyana loitanirana. Iwo akhoza kukhala gaseous, olimba ndi madzi.

Kodi kudziwa kukhalapo kwa mafuta mu madzi ogwiritsidwa ntchito pa?

Khama la mafuta mu madzi zinyalala opangidwa ndi njira zitatu:

• yokoka;
• gasi koromatogarafe;
• IR spectrometry.

Ndi ntchito moyenera iliyonse ya njira amenewa zotsatira zolondola kudziwa kupezeka ndi kuchuluka kwa mafuta. Pali njira ziwiri kudziwa. Koma amasonyeza si ndithu zotsatira zolondola ndi amafuna yachinsinsi zina. The njira zofunika kudziwa mafuta wotchedwa yokoka.

Industrial mtengo mafuta

Mafuta - chimodzi cha chuma chamtengo wapatali kwambiri yaiwisi, lomwe lili ndi dzina chachiwiri - "golide wakuda". Ndipo onse chifukwa dziko limene pali miyala ya izi malasha mafuta madzi, ndi atsogoleri chuma cha padziko lonse. Mafuta mankhwala - kukonzedwa mankhwala mafuta amene adalowa mmalo mwa zochita za anthu.

Pamoyo, anthu ntchito zinthu kapena zinthu zopangidwa "golide wakuda". Ndipo nthawi n'komwe kuti gawo la zinthu mwachizolowezi mu moyo monga mafuta okumba pansi. Iwo maketulo, makina ochapira, zidole ndi zina zambiri.

Kodi mafuta?

Kusungiramo "golide wakuda" ndi mafuta ikuchitika mu muli wapadera, zimene zalembedwa osati makampani mafuta, komanso okwerera ikukoka ndi madzi. Komanso pa zomera reprocessing, minda thanki ndi siteshoni mpweya.

Thanki zopangidwa mafuta zopangwidwa kuchokera ku zipangizo sanali kuyaka. muli akhoza adzaikidwa mwachindunji pansi kapena pansi. Ambiri Motero - akasinja cylindrical, zopangidwa ndi zitsulo. Ang'onoang'ono zomera zambiri anaika kummwera ndi pamwambapa nthaka yopingasa cylindrical akasinja. Kugawira RVS akasinja ndi ozungulira ndi conical denga pomangira. Pansi pa lathyathyathya awo.

Madamu akhoza kukhala otsika, mkulu ndipo kwambiri. nkhokwe Large mafuta ndi mafuta malonda zasungidwa makamaka m'nkhuti. Wabwino ndi lolondola ntchito akasinja ndi amaperekedwa ndi zipangizo zina zapadera.

Control wa amasokoneza mafuta

mankhwala mafuta apamwamba ndi kufufuzidwa mu njira zasayansi zitsanzo. Popeza chiphaso cha malasha madzi mpaka mowa komaliza. Zitsanzo mafuta zina amasiyana. Khalidwe la "golide wakuda" zinthu zambiri zimadalira akuya malo ake. A mafuta mchere zosiyanasiyana malo ndi njira ya ulimi monga ikuchitika. Yofunika chikhalidwe ndi kusunga nthawi. Choncho, pali alendo, amene ayenera kutsatira kudziwa amasokoneza mafuta.

Kodi ndi zinthu ziti ntchito mafuta ndi mafuta malonda?

Mmodzi wa katundu zothandiza mafuta - moto. Choncho, mu malo oyamba, izi malasha madzi ntchito makampani nkhuni. Modern mafuta mafuta limapangidwa oposa 50%. Mu malo chachiwiri pa ntchito mafuta ndi mafuta malonda ndi zoweta dera. Komanso, mu mawonekedwe a zipangizo sekondale yaiwisi ntchito mankhwala ndi cosmetology. Zodzikongoletsera anapangidwa kuchokera mafuta ndi nsalu angapange.

Zomwe amagwiritsa mafuta ndi zinyalala wake mu maonekedwe ake yaiwisi?

Mu maonekedwe ake pachiyambi monga madzi achilengedwe malasha mafuta sikawirikawiri ntchito. Only pa ntchito yomanga mapaipi ndi mizere mphamvu. Pambuyo m'zigawo "golide wakuda" amapitirira processing wapadera. Choyamba, zopangira ndi kutsukidwa. Kenako, processing chachikulu. Panthawi imeneyi mafuta otchezedwa, anapatukana mu zigawo zake constituent. Pamenepo chithandizo yachiwiri ya "mafuta" pamene kusinthidwa zachilengedwe malasha mpweya dongosolo.

Ntchito makampani mafuta

Zinyalala "mafuta" ntchito yopanga coke limene ntchito zitsulo, ndi kupanga maelekitirodi kuwotcherera. Zobwezerezedwanso mafuta - mafuta. Russia - mmodzi wa maiko ali pa nkhokwe zake gawo lalikulu la "golide wakuda" kusindikiza ake ikuchitika chaka chonse.

Pali ngakhale mitundu monga "mafuta woyera" muli maperesenti oposa makumi asanu ndi atatu a palafini, izo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pofuna kuchiza khansa. asing'anga anapangidwa ndi tinctures ngati mafuta, compresses ndi zodzola.

Pambuyo chifukwa koyamba processing mu osiyanasiyana zipangizo:

• mafuta dizilo;
• mafuta;
• kwakusiyana ndi dizilo mafuta ;
• mafuta;
• lubricants;
• gasi liquefied.

Pambuyo mafuta mafuta limapezeka mafuta yotsalira kuti apange:

• phula;
• paraffin;
• Phula nkhuni kukatentha ndi;
• Ambiri mafuta;
• phula.

Zigawo amene tinasonkhanitsa pa processing koyamba kwa mafuta ntchito m'munda zodzikongoletsera, kumanga misewu ndi nyumba.

Pambuyo yobwezeretsanso mafuta ntchito kupanga:

• mphira;
• ma polima;
• kupanga nsalu;
• mphira;
• zipangizo filimu;
• detergents;
• paintwork;
• feteleza;
• pavements ndi T. d.

Kugwiritsa ntchito mafuta mu zodzoladzola

Mkulu khalidwe katundu mafuta kuti zigwirizane ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana cosmetology. Revised "golide wakuda" unali maziko mithunzi, utoto, mapensulo kwa maso ndi milomo. Ambiri zonunkhira ndi madzi chimbudzi pang'ono zigwirizana mafuta mchere. Ndiponso iwo ali mbali ya utoto osiyana ndi zodzikongoletsera.

Ntchito "golide wakuda" mankhwala

Mafuta - kale processing ndi kuyeretsedwa kwa "golide wakuda". Anapeza kwambiri katundu zothandiza kuti ndapeza ntchito mankhwala. The mankhwala ambiri - asidi acetylsalicylic, kapena "Aspirin". Kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, asayansi apeza njira kuchotsa phenol kwa mankhwala. Pa maziko ake chawonetsedwa tsopano:

• mankhwala;
• mankhwala matenda a m'mimba thirakiti;
• antiseptics;
• mankhwala odana ndi TB;
• mitsempha.

Mafuta zikuchokera chakudya

Mu masiku ano mafuta - iyi ndi mbali ya zigawo zikuluzikulu za zakudya zina. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi zachilengedwe chakudya anthu wakhala zotheka chifukwa kaphatikizidwe mapuloteni. Izo yopangidwa kuchokera ku mafuta zinyalala. Chifukwa mapuloteni yokumba mwangwiro m'malo nyama ndipo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito yopanga zinthu zambiri chakudya.

Atchule zonse amapangidwa kuchokera mafuta, kungakhale yaitali. Izi zinthu zambiri ntchito ndi anthu tsiku ndi tsiku. Yaikulu ntchito mafuta - chifukwa chachikulu kukula kwa mtengo wake wokhazikika. Ndipo izi ziri zoona, ngati "golide wakuda" amapereka mwayi konzekera, kanthu mwamsanga, komanso zimathandiza kuti zinthu omasuka kunyumba. Popanda izi zonse moyo wamasiku ano ndi yovuta mokwanira kuti aganizire.