Makhalidwe yaikulu ya sikana ndi mitundu

Kodi ngati mukufuna kusamutsa fano pakompyuta kupulinta? Mwina aliyense akudziwa chipangizo monga sikana a. Zilibe mungondithandiza anthu kusunga zithunzi akale, zomwe zimachititsa kuti ngakhale agogo athu kumasuliridwa mu mtundu pakompyuta zikalata zofunika popanda gwero malamulo awo pa PC ndi.

Nthawi zambiri, sikana - chinthu chabwino, ndipo tsopano maofesi ambiri chabe irreplaceable. Bwino kudziwa kuti zimene chitsanzo mukufuna, muyenera kuonanso makhalidwe waukulu sikana lapansi.

Ndi chiyani icho?

Bwino pofotokoza mfundo za sayansi ndi kufotokoza m'njira yosavuta, mtundu wa chipangizo. The sikana udindo akuchita ndondomeko kuwerenga, umene ndi sing'anga lathyathyathya kujambula (mwachitsanzo, pepala). Pomaliza, wosuta analandira chikalata digito kusamutsa izo patali kapena yosungirako mu mtundu amagetsi. Zotsatira chindodo mu digito chithunzi chifaniziro cha chinthu chifukwa ADC kunja. Pambuyo pake, fano imatumizidwa kompyuta kudzera dongosolo Ine / O.

Zoyesayesa loyamba

anthu ochepa mukudziwa, koma makhalidwe a sikana zinali zitadziwika ofufuza kuyambira 1857. Ndiye njira zipangizo zamakono anapanga Abbot wa Florence Dzhovanni Kazelli. chipangizo ntchito wachibale wosazindikira kwambiri luso panopa. Ndiye, kuti kusamutsa fano kwa mtunda, kunali koyenera kuti nachiyika pa ng'oma ntchito inki conductive, kenako kuganizira chithunzi ndi singano. Chotero chipangizo wotchedwa pantelegraf.

Mkati theka ya atumwi German sayansi imachitika kuyesera awo amene anali okhala ndi telefax. Arthur Korn njira ina kwa chindodo photoelectric. Mfundo sizinali zophweka: chithunzi Ufumuyo onse ng'oma chomwecho, koma mandala. Nyali anali atathana kuti otaya kuwala akhoza kusuntha. Iye anadutsa chithunzi chenicheni ndipo anatumizidwa ku selenium photodetector, kenako atagonjetsa kupyolera prism ndi mandala.

Amakhala otanganidwa michenga yopangira zida zamagetsi, mwamsanga bwino photodetector. Ngakhale kuti kenako anatulukira njira piritsi, mfundo sinasinthe kwambiri m'kupita.

makhalidwe a

Tisanafotokoze kuthana ndi mitundu, muyenera khutu ku specifications a sikana lapansi. Iwo pali sipekitiramu, ndipo palibe gulu muyezo. Aliyense chizindikiro zimadalira cholinga chipangizo. Komabe, pali makhalidwe, zimene ziyenera anasankhidwa ndi sikana. Pakati pawo, liwiro, kuya mtundu, kuthetsa wa zithunzi zomwe, etc.

Kukongola zikuperekedwa

Sikana zofunika zosiyanasiyana, koma chigamulocho ndi imodzi mwa magawo waukulu. Mawu osavuta: chuma ndi udindo kukula kwa mbali zochepetsetsa fano limene adzakhala anasamutsa pa Jambulani. Maonekedwe ndi kutchulidwa DPI. Khalidwe limeneli limasonyeza chiwerengero cha pixels kuonekera pa zithunzi inchi. Childs, Mlengi n'chakuti ntchitoyo mwaubwino zonse zitatu:

• mawotchi;
• kuwala;
• sanaike.

Choyamba muyenera kudziwa malo a ophimba ndi CCD-mzere pa kayendedwe ka fano. Popeza kuti kusamvana makina kawiri wopanga kuwala amagwiritsa ndi wosuta wosaloleka. The TX ananena kuti mtengo kuwala ndi 300h600 DPI. Koma ngati chipangizo palibe sanaike, izo adzathamanga ndi osachepera 300 DPI.

Palembali kusamvana ndi udindo kukula kwa sipangakhalenso akamagwira makulitsidwe fano mpaka nthawi 16. Mfundo imeneyi ndi chizindikiro osachepera zofunika, ndipo pafupifupi wosachita deta zoonjezera. Komanso sewerolo ake angagwiritsidwe ntchito ndi wogula, kunenanso bokosi la 4800 DPI. chiwerengerochi akhoza tisangalatse munthu wosadziwa. Koma aliyense amene sadziwa makhalidwe a sikana, koma anali kukagula chipangizo ayenera kuganizira kuti leni mtengo kuwala kungakhale 300 okha DPI.

Mfundo yaikulu - ndi kuwala kusamvana. Kuthandauza, muyenera kuwerengera ndende ya zinthu mu mzere kuwala tcheru. Kuti tichite zimenezi, chiwerengero cha mbali pa izo kugawidwa ndi m'lifupi mwake. Izi njira, monga tanenera kale, ndi lofunika kwambiri kudziwa zithunzi mwatsatanetsatane. Choncho, n'kovuta kupeza mu bokosi ndi chipangizo, monga Mlengi ndi wogulitsa ndikuyesa kubisa ziwerengero weniweni.

"Kuuma" kanjedza

Monga tanena kale, si kophweka kusankha chipangizo. Features Zitsulo zofufuzira zidazo angasokonezeke ndi wogula wosadziwa, kotero pamaso pogula kuzindikira bwino mu aliyense atakhala. Pokha mwake kusamvana ndi, kuya kapena mthunzi. mapangidwe Izi zikusonyeza chiwerengero cha Akamva chofunika kusunga malangizo mtundu uliwonse mapikiselo. Pasanathe kusowa Zitsulo zofufuzira zidazo utoto m'chikumbumtima. Ali chidutswa chimodzi. Monochrome pang'ono - 8, ndi mtundu - 24 Tinthu. Zitsulo zofufuzira zidazo kwambiri mtengo gawo kungakhale 36-bit.

Mtundu mozama ndi kunja ndi mkati. Izi zizindikiro mwachindunji ndi Mlengi. Internal Yodziwika pang'ono analogi ndi digito thiransifoma, zimathandiza kudziwa chiwerengero cha mitundu kuti akhoza "kuona" sikana. Kunja Kuzama - chiwerengero cha mitundu kuti chipangizo amatha kusamutsa kwa PC ndi.

Ngati mukufuna chipangizo ku ofesi kapena kunyumba, abwino ndi ochiritsira pang'ono - 24 pang'ono. Ngati sikana ali wofunikila ntchito yofalitsa mabuku ndi mabungwe ofanana, ndi bwino kuyang'ana unit wa 48 Tinthu.

kachulukidwe kuwala

Pa sikana ichi makhalidwe sikuthera pamenepo. Pali munthu pazipita kuwala osalimba. Ngati mulibe kupita mu mfundo ndi mafotokozedwe sayansi, ndi luso chipangizo aone zithunzi mdima: tilinazo wa chida cha bwino digitize malo amdima a fano.

Pamodzi ndi njira kuli kuwala kachulukidwe osiyanasiyana. Iwo akhoza kuchita masamu ndi logarithm decimal. Ndi chiŵerengero cha kuchuluka nkhani kuwala pa script kwa ndalama akusonyeza. Osiyanasiyana pafupifupi kwa 24-bit kutalika mawu akhale 1,8-2,3 D.

liwiro

kolowera Izi Nthawi zambiri kuiwala mwachindunji kapena amachita fib. Komabe, mlingo chindodo kumatengera zifukwa zingapo. Coyamba ndi kusamvana ndi kukula kwa wapachiyambi. Mlingo zingasonyeze chiwerengero cha masamba pa mphindi, kapena nthawi chabe imene pepala limodzi kukonzedwa. Palinso muyeso wa mizere chindodo pa mphindi.

Kukula kwa malo scanned Angagwiritsidwenso zosiyanasiyana. Yankho ambiri - pepala la A4. zitsanzo oterowo amapezeka mu maofesi ndi nyumba. Pa ogwira ntchito iliyonse mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito A3. Pakuti Zitsulo zofufuzira zidazo dzanja ankaweruza gulu kukula ndi 11 cm.

mawonekedwe

Osati nthawi zonse makhalidwe sikana ndi zofunika makamaka. Mu gulu ili, mutha kutumiza chipangizo chizindikiro monga mawonekedwe ndi. Iwo akhoza kukhala a mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Izi zikuphatikizapo mawonekedwe yake ku mapulogalamu a. Iwo anali kale mu chitsanzo sikana. kutchuka kwake chinazilala pambuyo mwayi kusintha pa opaleshoni dongosolo la PC. Ichi chinali chifukwa chakuti pambuyo malonda kapena kuti sikana mosatsata konza mawonekedwe awo ndi dongosolo losiyana, chotero, si ntchito.

The mawonekedwe zotsatirazi walandira doko yomweyi, imene tsopano anapeza ku zitsanzo junior flatbed Zitsulo zofufuzira zidazo. zipangizozi ndi mwachilungamo mediocre ndipo musaime kunja. Iwo amagwiritsidwa ntchito aone chithunzi kapena masamba angapo a m'lemba.

PCMCIA mawonekedwe akhoza kupezeka infrequently, koma SCSI muyezo ndi zipangizo ndi mkulu khalidwe ndi ntchito. Tsopano ndi mawonekedwe izi kubala makina amphamvu kwambiri ndi 30 ndi 36-bit.

USB-mawonekedwe - atsopano ndi yapamwamba mwina. Iye analimbikitsa mwachangu zitsanzo zambiri Komabe, si zabwino mokwanira kwa zipangizo mkulu-yotsiriza.

illuminant

Izi njira sikawirikawiri n'komwe posankha sikana. Pali mitundu itatu ya kuyatsa:

• xenon;
• fulorosenti;
• LED.

nyali Xenon ang'ono, iwo nthawi ndi amasiyana pang'ono zochangamutsa nthawi. Fulorosenti wotchipa zokwanira, komanso kumatenga nthawi yaitali kwambiri. LEDs ang'ono, zimawononga mphamvu pang'ono ndipo mofulumira usavutike. Kawirikawiri atsopano anatsogolera-Zitsulo zofufuzira zidazo amaonedwa kukhala apamwamba khalidwe.

zosiyanasiyana

Atatsika mwachindunji sikana, izo chakhala kusinthidwa ndi m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Tsopano chipangizo akhoza zimagawidwa m'magulu angapo magawo. Mitundu ya Zitsulo zofufuzira zidazo ndi makhalidwe awo tsopano ambiri amavomereza, ndipo mpaka palibe njira zamakono luso mu munda silinkachitidwa.

Kuswa zipangizozi m'magulu, m'pofunika kuganizira zinthu zotsatirazi:

• chithunzi pachilengedwe njira;
• kapangidwe ka limagwirira kinematic;
• mtundu wa chithunzi;
• makhalidwe a pachiyambi;
• Polumikizira: hardware ndi mapulogalamu.

mitundu

Chotero, inu mukhoza kukatenga sikana pa magawo onse pamwamba. Zimakhala:

• piritsi;
• buku;
• Buku;
• listopryazhnym;
• mapulaneti;
• ng'oma;
• ultrasound, etc.

Ambiri, mitundu ya sikana kwambiri. Ife kulankhula za zikuluzikulu ndi otchuka.

Piritsi panopa ndi wotchuka kwambiri ndiponso yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito. Childs, mtundu wa chitsanzo ndi khalidwe kwambiri ndi kusala. Similar maonekedwe ndi phale, ndi nalo dzina lake. Kuti aone fano chipangizo chotero, muyenera kutsegula chivindikiro pa pepala galasi ndi kuika nkhope pansi, kutseka chivindikiro ndi atolankhani "kuyamba".

Dzanja ankaweruza sikana si injini. Choncho, pokonza fano, muyenera kusuntha nokha. The mwayi waukulu zitsanzo ngati - mtengo. Koma kuipa zambiri: osauka kusamvana, osauka khalidwe jambulani ndi liwiro pang'onopang'ono.

Buku sikana lakonzedwa kusamalira zikalata broshyurnyh. Kuti aone mfundo mukufuna, si koyenera kuti kuyala "nkhope", monga phale, ndi mmwamba. Quality ndi zabwino kwambiri.

Listopryazhny sikana si zabwino kwambiri. Pokonza pepala chikalata anaikapo mu kudula ndi kutambasula izo kupyolera migodi mkati. sikana amagwira ntchito ndi akamagwiritsa zina ndi mapepala umodzi.

Planetary chipangizo ntchito ndi mapepala, amene mosavuta kuonongeka. Iwo kumatha kukhudzana ndi chinthu, umene n'zotheka kukhala okhulupirika kwa nkhaniyo.

Drum wagawo kumeneko pa mabizinezi a polygraphic ndi kubala apamwamba fano. Wopanda Zitsulo zofufuzira zidazo ntchito ndi zithunzi filimu. Zitsulo zofufuzira zidazo Barcode timakumana nthawi iliyonse ife tikubwera kwa sitolo pa m'kaundula ndalama. chipangizo 3D ndi chinachake chatsopano-fangled. Iwo akhoza aone zinthu zenizeni dziko kuti mtima kwa mtundu digito ndi kusintha mu chitsanzo atatu azithunzi omwe tikunena. Makina - ichi ultrasound wotchuka, ntchito mankhwala kuphunzira ziwalo.

anayi amene

Pali multifunction mankhwala (MFP), lomwe linali duplicator gawo limagwirira fax, chosindikizira, sikana. Kaperekedwe osiyana ake. Ambiri, zipangizo amenewa kungakhale inkjet, laser kapena LED luso kusindikiza pa. Mofanana ndi sikana chilichonse, MFP akhoza kukhala mtundu kapena monochrome.

Ubwino waukulu ngati chipangizo imatengedwa kukhala malo kupulumutsa kunyumba kapena kuntchito. wosuta sayenera kusuntha pepala kuchokera kumalo osiyanasiyana. Ndi yabwino ntchito ndi chipangizo chimodzi. MFP komanso ndi mtengo wotsika ndithu, wachibale kwa ndalama zimene anayenera kulipira kugula chilichonse chida.

Latsopano mu 2016

Pamene inu muli bwino makhalidwe a sikana, mukhoza kuyamba kufunafuna chipangizo. Chaka chino panali ambiri zitsanzo atsopano kuti mwina chidwi wosuta. Mwachitsanzo, HP ScanJet sikana, khalidwe limene ndi kokwanira, mukhoza ndalama rubles 2000 basi. Pankhaniyi, inu lidzakhala lilipo kuti chipangizo ndi akuya mtundu wa 48-bit chindodo, otchuka cholumikizira USB 2.0 ndi n'zogwirizana ndi machitidwe ambiri opaleshoni. Nthawi zambiri, sikana HP, khalidwe lomwe nthawizonse wakhala ali pa mlingo wapamwamba, atsogoleri msika mu gawo lino. kampani komanso ali zitsanzo zabwino zipangizo multifunction.

Chaka chino, anaonekera pa msika ndi amene amachita chidwi ntchito kokha, komanso mtengo. Sikana zofunika Epson ungwiro V850 ovomereza ndi aatali kwambiri. Kuwonjezera pa mfundo yakuti chipangizo ichi piritsi ali adaputala kwa sliders filimu ndi USB 2.0 mawonekedwe, khalidwe lake lenileni linali chigamulocho wa 6400 × 9600 DPI. Pamodzi ndi mungachite izi mtengo sikana ranges ku rubles 80 100 zikwi.

Pakati novelties pali njira bajeti. Sikana Canon CanoScan 9000F mediocre. kusamvana wake - 9600 × 9600 DPI. Mtengo 12 zikwi rubles. Ndemanga pa chitsanzo ichi kuti "anai." Chinthu ndi ogulitsa malonda kachiwiri kubereka awo "nyimbo" pofotokoza options kale lonse. Ndipotu, m'malo 48 Tinthu ife tifika 12. kokha ndiko lililonse njira 16 m'malo Akamva 12. Komabe, pali anthu ena amene ali ndi liwiro ntchito, mkulu kusamvana ndi khalidwe la zipangizo za chipangizo.

Ambiri, kusankha sikana wabwino, asayansi safuna kukhala, makamaka owerenga wamba. Kuti aone zikalata ndi mafotokope a chikalata mkulu chofunika. Kopitilira muyeso mkulu liwiro si lofunikanso. Choncho ndi bwino kusankha sikana kuti kwenikweni angawathandize mu magwiridwe zake zonse.