Makropody (nsomba): ngakhale ndi nsomba zina mu Aquarium ndi

Nsomba makropody ndi bwenzi nthawi yaitali aquarists, onse odziwa ndi novice. Nsomba paradaiso - wina makropody dzina - ndi nsomba anali anthu oyamba a m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera European, ndipo ngakhale zosiyanasiyana panopa anthu amene amakhala mu nyumba zili chawonjezeka kwambiri, nsomba adzabadwira makropody - osati malo okha kumene wokongola mtundu ndi moyo. Iwo kale anaphunzira kawetedwe mu ukapolo.

Izo zikuwoneka ngati makropody nsomba

Maonekedwe paradaiso nsomba mokwanira zogwirizana ndi dzina lake. Kuphatikiza mitundu ndi mithunzi ya kukongola, mwina chifukwa chachikulu kutchuka kwa mtundu uwu wa sizidzatha. thupi makropody ali mawonekedwe a chowulungika ndi, flattened mbali zonse, nthawi m'litali. Choyamba chipsyepsye m'mimba ndi elongated, ngati ray a. Long dorsal ndi zipsepse ventral yakuthwa, mchira - forked, fluffy chipsyepsye. Kodi makropody nsomba moyo mu chikhalidwe, kutalika kwa masentimita 11 mu amuna, 8 masentimita zazikazi. zinthu m'madzi kukula kwambiri zochepa - pafupifupi 6 -8 cm.

Painting wa yowala, wovulidwa mikwingwirima mtanda lonse ndi molunjika. The mitundu: mdima mikwingwirima wofiira, osatembenukira ku kapezi chowala, alternating ndi wobiriwira, buluu, ndipo nthawizina ndimu, mizere. Kuwonjezera kusankha tingachipeze powerenga mtundu ndi wakuda ndi albino makropody.

Tsopano ife tikudziwa chomwe izo zikuwoneka ngati nsomba makropody. chithunzi m'munsimu limasonyeza zimene krasivitsa.

kugonana

Makropody (nsomba) -samets, kupatulapo kukula, amakhala ndi mtundu owala, zobiriwira njira filament mchira. Zazikulu chomwecho mwa mwamuna ndi zipsepse: ndi dorsal ndi kumatako. Akazi angaoneke zambiri anamaliza, pamene mimba yawo mazira okhwima.

Moyo mu chilengedwe

Dziko makropody nsomba - Asian dera. kukongola amenewa amapezeka mu China, Korea, Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Japan, Asia Southeast, Taiwan. Ena mitundu makropody bwinobwino padziko madzi a United States ndi Madagascar, kumene iwo anali chongopeka anabweretsa.

Iwo apulumuke mu madzi patsogolo: mitsinje nemnogovodnyh mchere, zithaphwi, nyanja, sanyoza ngakhale m'ngalande, kusambira m'minda mpunga. Kupulumuka mu zinthu zovuta timatha kapangidwe wapadera ziwalo mkati. Nature anapatsa makropody zamoyo zinachita thupi - njira yokhotakhota chiwalo cha kupuma. capillaries zina magazi makutu alola kumasulidwa mpweya mpweya mumlengalenga. Makropody Mbali imeneyi muyenera kuganizira pamene amakasiya nsomba ku malo kugula kwa Aquarium ndi: pakati pa madzi ndi chikuto ziwiya ayenera kusiya yaing'ono mpweya malo. Makropody - nsomba zimene ali mkulu zinafuna, pokhala mwadzidzidzi popanda madzi (Aquarium inaonongeka, mwachitsanzo). Basi Musaononge.

njira ya moyo

Aquarium nsomba (makropody) bwinobwino anasamukira ku gulu la ziweto zaka zoposa 100 zapitazo. Awo loyamba zachilengedwe Karl Linney mu 1758 komanso. Kuyambira cha m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi, okongola paradaiso nsomba pang'onopang'ono anakakhala pafupifupi m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera ku Ulaya, pamodzi ndi nsomba zotchuka kwambiri. Mu zaka za m'ma makumi awiri ndi iwo tinakumana anakhala mabwenzi ndi hobbyists Russia.

Makropody wapeza ulamuliro osati chifukwa cha kukongola, komanso wodzichepetsa. Dziko makropody nsomba Aquarium mtundu amakonda moyo wovutika ndi chakudya wodzichepetsa.

Komabe, ndi kukula kwa nsomba kwa Aquarium zili mitundu makropody kutchuka anagwera. vuto ndi chiyani? Ndipotu, anzeru ndi wokongola ndi wodzichepetsa? chakuti makropody anali omenyana zoopsa, makamaka amuna. Amalimbana imfa ndi mzake ndi anthu a mitundu ina. Pofuna kuthetsa iwo mu Aquarium wamba ayenera kudziwa zidule ena.

Kusunga mu ukapolo

Aquarium nsomba - zolengedwa kutentha wachikondi. Dziko nsomba guppies makropody, mlamba, gourami, ngati zamoyo zina otchuka - Dziko ndi nyengo ofunda. Ngakhale izi, ndi wapadera Kutentha madzi mu Aquarium makropody, mosiyana ndi anzake ena, si chofunika. Lone makropody kapena angapo akhoza ngakhale moyo mu yachibadwa atatu-lita mtsuko. Zilibe kanthu ngati mipweya, kuuma ndi yogwira zimene madzi. Izi okhala patsogolo zithaphwi ngakhale kuyesezera madzi (a lalikulu mwina chifukwa eni aulesi Pet). Kutentha akadakwanitsira kukhala nsomba - 20 ^pafupifupi -24, ngakhale sakhalitsa kupirira Kutentha kwambiri ^pafupifupi 38 kapena ^za 8 yozizira. Ngakhale kuphweka, chifukwa chopezeka wathanzi ndi wokongola nsomba kuwala mitundu m'pofunika kuonetsetsa kuisamalira.

zida Aquarium

Ngakhale kuti mmodzi kapena awiri makropody sinafike kukhala nyumba yaikulu, kukula nsomba zikuluzikulu kungakhale kwambiri lalikulu Aquarium. Woyenera kwambiri kuchuluka kwa cookware - 10 L, ndipo chiwerengero cha nsomba - mpaka malita 40, malinga ndi chiwerengero cha toyesa. Monga mchenga nthaka ntchito, timiyala, miyala kapena kukodzedwa dongo. The phunziroli ndi bwino anagona mdima wosanjikiza pafupifupi 5 masentimita.

Kodi wina muyenera mu Aquarium, izo ndi zomera, ndi zambiri. Kubzala mu nthaka yabwino vallisneria, peristolistnik ndi hornwort, akhoza kuthetsa padziko duckweed, nymphs ndi algae ngati. Komanso makropody adzamvera kunyumba m'tchire adzatha kubisala kwa bwenzi kwambiri chiwawa wamkazi. Cholinga ichi anatumikira ndipo zosiyanasiyana Aquarium chokongoletsera: wosweka miphika, nyumba, chikuni choyandama, miyala, mapanga. Kuyatsa Ikani okhutira nsomba ayenera monga n'kofunika kuti kukula kwa algae.

Pamwamba thanki yokutidwa ndi chivindikiro ndi mabowo kwa mpweya. mfundo ndi yakuti kwambiri nimble makropody kuwuluka mmadzi. Ngati zili chikuyembekezeka mu Aquarium ambiri pamene kwa mitundu ina ya nsomba mukufuna zosefera, ndiye muyenera kukonza popanda mafunde amphamvu.

Makropody: ngakhale ndi nsomba zina

Ndewu mphamvu makropody kukhala watcheru kusankha anansi ake. Chilombo kuukira osati pa mitundu ina ya nsomba, komanso anzake, ndipo afika akazi enanso bata ndi achinyamata. Konzani ndewu ngati atambala awiri kungakhale amuna awiri. Amateurs anakumana m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera kudziwa njira zikhale okangamirawo omenyana mtima. Nsomba Ayenera kuleredwa, koma ali aang'ono. Ngati inu muyenda mu "anthu" makropody kuti palibe miyezi iwiri, iwo akukula ndi ena, osati anazolowera kuukira osati pa chinsomba, komanso zochepa. Ngati ife kuwonjezera Aquarium akulu, muyenera kudziwa malamulo:

• Makropody osati gwirizana ndi veiltail.
• Inu simungathe kulikonza ndi nsomba, guppies, gouramis, angelfish, Neon.
• Resettlement pa nthawi ndi kubwereranso nsomba amaona ngati mlendo, ndipo chiwembu.
• Kuletsa akagwiriridwa zazikulu ndi phokoso Nsomba: Zebrafish, synodontis, barbs ndi ena.
• Inu simungathe kulikonza ndi amuna awiri kuti akazi ayenera pogona.

chakudya

Makropody - nsomba gulu la anthu ogwirira, motero amakonda moyo chakudya, ngakhale masamba wakudya kwambiri. Mu madzi achilengedwe chakudya waukulu wa nsomba kukhala okhalamo yaing'ono, tizilombo, amene chingameze makropody, kudumpha madzi.

M'chere zokhala m'malo owetera makropody kudya mitundu yonse ya chakudya nsomba. Ambiri ankakonda kwa kukongola izi moyo bloodworms, opanga chitoliro. Achisanu nkhanu, udzudzu mphutsi ndi wakuda, cyclops, daphnia pamaso kudya ayenera thawed. Amachita nsomba paradizo minced zidutswa za nyumba, koma mankhwala ayenera kukhala chabe osowa chakudya chokoma. Youma Pet chakudya munali carotene, bwino mtundu kuwala kwa nsomba, koma musati anawaika chifukwa cha chakudya.

Makropody nthawi njala - pali chilichonse ndipo kwambiri kwa njira sadziwa. Kupewa kudya kudyetsedwa pang'onopang'ono, kawiri pa tsiku. Mu Aquarium ndi anamwino izi kuteteza kuchuluka kwambiri mphutsi, nkhono.

ukapolo kuswana

Pezani makropody mwana wathanzi mu ukapolo n'zosavuta ngati mukudziwa makhalidwe a spawning awo. Kubereka wokonzeka nsomba pa zaka miyezi 8-7. Kudziwa wokonzeka zimaswana mkazi akhoza mpweya ndi mimba anamaliza. Chipinda "mwana" amathandiza ngati Aquarium ochiritsira, koma pano ndiye kale zofunika aeration wa madzi. Special kukhotakhota limba akufotokozera yekha mu sabata chachiwiri.

sabata A pamaso spawning angapo anasiyanitsidwa ndi zochuluka kudyetsedwa. The spawning woyamba amasuntha "Bambo" ndipo tsiku lotsatira - chachikazi. Ngakhale ankhanza, makropody - makolo ndi wachikondi komanso banja. Iwo amamanga chisa cha mpweya thovu pamwamba pa dziwe, ndi Seaweed, nathawitsidwa mu mkazi wake ndi kuthandiza kuti Finyani kunja mazira, kuzimata mozungulira. Zingapo mwa zimenezi, ndi onse a mazira mu chisa. Zitatha izi "amama" ukachotse ku "chipatala" monga "bambo," iwo amayamba galimoto kutali, ndithu azitengapo, ndi chisamaliro onse mwachangu kuchokera tsopano adzatenge.

Patapita masiku angapo mphutsi zitangomera, ndi yopuma. Kusamalira bambo kwambiri ayenera kuchotsedwa ana. Dyetsani mwachangu infusoria, mirkokormom, dzira yolk. Patapita miyezi iwiri, zosankhidwa, kusiya anthu ndi mitundu yowala. Pakuti iwo amene ati kawetedwe makropody kwambiri kudziwa momwe zinthu akadakwanitsira, kusanja thandizo apeze nsomba yowala ndi mawonekedwe zonse.

Dongosolo lonse spawning, khalidwe nsomba pomanga chisa, kusamalira ana awo - chidwi kwambiri ndi zosangalatsa kuona ndondomeko.

Kutalika avareji moyo mu Aquarium makropody - zaka 8. Mitundu ambiri mu akasinja wathu imatengedwa tingachipeze powerenga makropody osiyanasiyana phale. Black, krasnospinnye ndi kruglohvostye mitundu - kawirikawiri kunyumba kudzacheza madzi.

Classic ndi osiyanasiyana

Classic nsomba mitundu mbadwa ku China, omwe mwachindunji limafanana ndi malongosoledwe kukula ndi mawonekedwe, ali zingapo zimene mungachite kuti ochekenera. Ambiri: ofiira ndi buluu wobiriwira mtanda mikwingwirima pa bulauni maziko, buluu, zipsepse mutu ndi mimba kuwala buluu. Osati zochepa wotchuka makropody buluu - wokongola mwamuna ndi kumbuyo wofiirira ndi mutu ndi thupi, mtundu buluu. Yosalala wofiira ndi lalanje - mitundu mitundu tingachipeze powerenga za makropody osowa. Komanso m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera akhoza kukumana makropody albino. toyesa awa ndi thupi woyera, wotumbululuka pinki zipsepse maso ofiira ndi kukomoka mikwingwirima chikasu pa mbali.

mitundu yosowa

Maonekedwe osiyana ndi a m'banja lawo tingachipeze powerenga amasiyana mitundu makropody osowa, monga wakuda, ndi krasnospinny kruglohvosty.

• Kwambiri mtendere wa mtundu wonse wa - wakuda nsomba makropody (chithunzi). Anthu mitundu wakuda zikuluzikulu pang'ono kuposa mitundu ina. Mu chikhalidwe zimapezeka kum'mwera kwa Mekong. Bata makropody ali kusenda mtundu wa mithunzi yonse ya mitundu zofiirira ndi imvi, chokongoletsedwa ndi buluu, ofiira kapena Gorovaya zipsepse. Koma mu mkhalidwe chilakolako chogonana blackens ndi mkwiyo m'lingaliro lenileni la mawu. Zinali luso lake kusintha mtundu phale ndi kulipanga otchuka. Adzaupereka kwa gulu la osowa, kuyambira mu mawonekedwe woyera malonda zimachitika infrequently, koma ndondomeko unataya kusankha mtundu chiyero.

• Krasnospinny makropody amatchedwanso zasiliva thupi ndi zipsepse wake Mtundu wofiira ndi siliva, ndi kukhala mu kuyatsa ena, ukaponye placers ngale. Mchira ndi zipsepse wokondedwa uyu konsekonse gulu kale.
• N'kovuta kwambiri pakati okhometsa, hobbyists kruglohvostaya kapena Chinese nsomba makropody. nsomba dziko - Taiwan, Korea, kum'mawa China. The ochepa Aquarium nsomba ndi chifukwa peculiarities wa zili. Anazolowera yozizira ku malo achilengedwe, nsomba amafuna yozizira madzi danga ^la 10-15, mu chilengedwe ofunda sikuti kubereka. Komanso, tikukhala mu ukapolo zaka zosaposa anayi, nthawi zambiri odwala mycobacteriosis.

Chidwi za makropody

Wodzichepetsa kuti zikhalidwe kunja ndi omnivorous makropody Koma zidalembedwa Red Book mitundu ndi zofuna chitetezo. Kuti cholinga cha zochita za anthu. Yogwira chitukuko cha chuma cha dziko ndi mmene magawo atsopano kumabweretsa chiwonongeko cha malo midzi yabwino nsomba paradaiso.

Caviar chitaya mkazi, pakuti m'ndende yake spawning zimakhudzanso chowawa thanzi, monga caviar chatsitsa. Pakuti amuna spawning pafupipafupi, 2-3 mu mzere M'malo mwake, kuyambitsa kutopa, ngakhale mpaka imfa.

Ku Ulaya, woyamba wa nsomba paradaiso anaonekera mu France mu 1869.

Makropody - nsomba ndi wochenjera kwambiri, zosangalatsa ake kuti mupenye ngakhale kusewera.

Makropody - woyamba wa Aquarium nsomba kufotokoza woyenera mfundo, makamaka mpikisano unapangidwa bungwe iwo Germany mu 1907.

Chilakolako cha anasankha mitundu yatsopano ya mtundu makropody kaŵirikaŵiri kungachititse chakuti mitundu wotumbululuka ndi owonongedwa nsomba thanzi.

The chizindikiro cha Moscow Society of m'chere zokhala m'malo owetera akufotokozedwa makropody. Iwo amakukondani kwa kuphweka ndi kukongola. Ngakhale yonyansa chikhalidwe makropody nthawi kusangalatsa ambuye awo.