Mawu Kodi ndi -ing mathero. Mapeto a Chingelezi: malamulo ndi zitsanzo za ntchito

Pali milandu yambiri yomwe mukufuna kutembenuza mawu powonjezera pa mapeto a -ing. Komanso mu English amanyamula palibe munthu akakhala ndi tanthauzo monga Russian. Popeza Chingerezi amatanthauza mawunikidwe, mabwenzi kalembedwe ali anasonyeza mwa zosiyanasiyana mawu zinchito, mosiyana Russian m'dziko la gulu la zilankhulo kupanga. Mu ntchito yamasika kalembedwe owala zowonetseredwa ndi morphemes zosiyanasiyana: prefixes, mathero, suffixes.

Ambiri "ingovoe" kutha ntchito mwa mtundu sanali munthu (mau gerund, pano participle, infinitive) ndi mapangidwe nthawi yaitali. Komabe, kasewenzetsedwe ka mau ndi -ing kutha mu English - osati chochitika chimodzi umenewu derivation. Palinso manauni wapakamwa ndi adjectives ndi mapeto.

nthawi Gulu Wangwiro wopitiriza ndi wopitiriza

Mu mapangidwe nthawi yaitali ntchito mneni wothandiza kwa pamodzi ndi participle wa mneni kuti afotokozere akamanena za watero lapansi. Mawonekedwe a sakramentili Pankhaniyi - mu pakali pano.

• Ndine kuthirira camomiles m'munda wanga. - daisies Ine madzi m'munda wanga (Apereke Contiuous).
• Ndinali kuthirira camomiles kwa mphindi makumi awiri pamene mwadzidzidzi mvula inayamba kugwa. - I kuthirira chamomile mphindi 20, pamene mwadzidzidzi mvula inayamba kugwa (Zakale Wangwiro wopitiriza).

ntchito mneni mathero -ing molumikizana ndi infinitive kuti: Zitsanzo

Infinitive - chabe anawagwiritsa zimene zikusonyeza yekha zotsatira za ndondomekoyi. Pa munthu yemweyo, chiwerengero ndi gawo si mwasankha. Ikumasuliridwa Russian infinitive mawonekedwe (ie, mneni, kuti muyankhe funso ili: "Kodi ine ndichite chiani?"). Kupanga ndi infinitive mu English powonjezera kuti tinthu pamaso mneni.

Pali chinthu monga Infinitive wopitiriza. Chinenero cha Chirasha palibe lofanana fomu iyi. Kumasulira makamaka amalire mneni. Aumbike mwa munthu mneni infinitive kukhala + zamalankhulidwe mneni kutha mu -ing. (Mapeto mu chingelezi anawonjezera motsatira malamulo zalembedwa mu gawo lapadera kwa nkhani ino).

• Anasangalala kuti akuimba limba chachikulu. - Anasangalala kusewera pa limba.
• Madzi tiyi likuoneka ngati otentha. - The madzi tiyi wathu, zikuoneka zithupsa.
• Iwo Pepani kuti akhala akubwera mochedwa. - Iwo Pepani kuti mochedwa.

pano Patriciple

Mgonero - mmodzi wa mitundu chabe mneni English. Analogues wa lingaliro ili mu chinenero cha Chirasha ndi participle ndi gerund. Maganizo Apereke Participle zambiri amachita ntchito ya zochitika.

• Mtsikanayo kulankhula ndi mlongo bwenzi wanga . - The msungwana, yemwe tsopano kulankhula (akulankhula mtsikana) - mlongo wake wa mnzanga wina.
• Iye ayenera kumvetsera kwa inu. - Mwina wakumvera.
• Popeza kunyumba kwa mchemwali wanga, ndinapita kunyumba . - I tikacheze kwa mchemwali wanga, ndinapita kunyumba.
• Ataima pafupi nyanja, iye chidwi malo kwabasi. - m'mbali mwa nyanja, ankasirira maganizo wowoneka bwino.

Ntchito gerund ndi

Gerund (The Gerund) - mmodzi wa mitundu chabe mneni. Chili makhalidwe a nauni ndi mneni. Gerund, ngati liwu lofotokozera kapena lokamba akhoza kuchita monga nkhani ndi mbali yachiwiri ya chiganizo kuti: Firefox, mbali mwadzina la mkhalidwe wa.

Pali mawu kuti muyenera kumbuyo ntchito gerund lapansi. Kasewenzetsedwe ka mau akutsatiridwa ndi kuvomerezedwa gerund ndi:

• kuvomereza - kuvomereza;
  Iye anavomereza chinyengo. - Iye anavomereza kuti iye anali mwachinyengo.
• ndikunenezani kwa - mlandu;
  Iwo ananena kuti iye chinyengo. - Iwo ananena kuti iye kubera.
• kukonda - chikondi;
  Amayi anga amakonda kuluka. - Mayi anga amakonda pagulu.
• kunyadira - kunyada
  Iye amanyadira kukhala wophunzira bwino. - Iye amanyadira chakuti ndi wophunzira bwino.
• kukhala ndi chidwi - chidwi;
  Ndine chidwi kukhala pano. - Ndine chidwi kukhala pano.
• kuti zikugwira - kuti ntchito;
  Iye ankachita nawo kuphika. - Iye anali otanganidwa kuphika chakudya.
• malizitsani - kutsiriza;
  Iye kumaliza chiphunzitso posachedwa. - Posakhalitsa sadzaphunzitsanso.
• malingaliro - malingaliro;
  Sindisamala kuyembekezera pamenepo. - sindisamala kuyembekezera pamenepo.
• mchitidwe - kumapeto, mchitidwe;
  Ine mukutsatira akuimba limba tsiku lililonse. - Tsiku lililonse ndimachita mu akuimba limba.
• amalangiza - kulangiza;
  Iwo analimbikitsa kugula chibakuwacho kavalidwe. - Iwo amene analimbikitsa kugula wofiirira kavalidwe.
• timakumbukira - kumbukirani;
  Ndikukumbukira kuyendera malo aakulu - Paradaiso Pacific. - Ine ndikukumbukira kukaona malo okongola - paradaiso mu Pacific Ocean.

Nthawi zina za "ingovogo kumapeto"

Pangitsa Sipadzakhalanso mu chingelezi opezeka osati kasewenzetsedwe ka mau, ndiye adjectives komanso:

• Ndipo komaliza kwa buku limene linali lodabwitsa. - The kutha kwa bukuli mosayembekezereka.
• Mufilimuyi zinali zosangalatsa. - The filimu zinali zosangalatsa.

Malamulo kuwonjezera kumapeto

Pali malamulo amene ayenera kumwedwa nkhani powonjezera -ing Sipadzakhalanso mu Chingerezi.

Malamulo kuwonjezera "ingovogo" kutsekedwa:

• kalata otsiriza monosyllable awiriawiri:
  kukhala - mosapumira, siyani - atseka;
• chete za mawu -e kumapeto kwa kuchotsedwa ndipo aikamo -ing mathero mawu:
  kusintha - kusintha, kupanga - kupanga;
• -ie kuphatikiza mavawelo kumapeto m'malo mwa -y, ndiye chabe anawonjezera mathero:
  tayi - zingwe, bodza - akunama;
• nthawi zina -ing anawonjezera popanda masinthidwe aliyense zofunika mawu:
  kuyamba - yoyambira, kuwerenga - kuwerenga, kusewera - kusewera.

Bwino amaphunzira za nkhaniyi, m'pofunika kuthera nthawi kusonyeza ndi kukhala mwa maganizodwe, imene dongosolo adzaphatikizapo mawu kutha mu tsa. "Mapeto a Chingerezi" - mutu ndi wosavuta.