Ndi infinitive mtundu wa mneni chiyani? Kasewenzetsedwe ka mau infinitives mu Russian

The kafukufuku wakapangidwe kazachilengedwe wa Chirasha m'zigawozigawo ndi chidwi. Iwo amafufuza makamaka mbali ya kulankhula, zizindikiro zawo amodzi ndi mutable. Nkhani kasewenzetsedwe ka mau infinitives zafotokozedwa mwatsatanetsatane.

infinitive

Osati aliyense akudziwa zimene ndi infinitive. Izi mneni mu mawonekedwe pulayimale. Iye ndi mawu mu dikishonare. Mwachitsanzo, mu Dictionary wa mneni si anakumana, chifukwa ndi mawonekedwe munthu, kulowa khama mawu omwewa, koma mu mawonekedwe pulayimale - kukumana. Ikani mneni fomu iyi mungathe, pofunsa zoyenera kuchita? kapena chochita kuti: kukumana - zoyenera kuchita? kudzakhalire jambulani - zoyenera kuchita? jambulani, ndiyimbileninso - zoyenera kuchita? adzawaitane. Infinitive isiyana ndi njira zina mneni si funso. Suffixes infinitives (mu mawonekedwe koyamba mneni) Features: -t, Ti, -ch. Choncho, mawu kusanthula ndi mneni infinitive ngati pali morpheme.

Mneni ndi mawonekedwe ake infinitive

phunziro makamaka mwachangu ophunzira Russian chinenero ndi ophunzira nkhawa ndi funso la chifukwa infinitive mtundu wa mneni amene amatchedwa kalekale. Poyamba penipeni liwu loti "osawerengeka" amachokera ku Latin mawu amene anamasuliridwa kuti "chosadalirika". Chachiwiri, pa infinitive anawagwiritsa si kumatanthauza, kapena kani, mtundu wake, mawonekedwe a nthawi, maganizo, jenda, nambala, ndi zina zotero. Malinga ndi mneni infinitive anafotokozedwa ndi zizindikiro okhazikika, monga mtundu, conjugation, reflexivity ndi transitivity. Pa iwo ayankhidwa pansipa.

Zizindikiro zosasintha mneni

Pamene kusanthula morphological wa mneni chofunika kudziwa zizindikiro zake. Zizindikiro Permanent ali anasonyeza mwa mawonekedwe infinitive wa mneni.

Mtundu - gawo la mawu gulu, chiŵerengero kuchita malire mkati zachitika / zikuchitika. Kasewenzetsedwe ka mau infinitives, mafunso zoyenera kuchita? Iwo ndikuona angwiro; kunena, kuphika, kupita. Kasewenzetsedwe ka mau mu mawonekedwe koyamba, mafunso zoyenera kuchita? nawo mawonekedwe wopanda ungwiro kulankhula, kuphika, kuyenda. Kusiyanitsa mitundu awiriawiri, ndiye mawu ndi matanthauzo ofanana, koma mtundu wina: kusankha - kusankha kunena - nenani, kusoka - kusoka, kuphika - uvuni.

Conjugation mneni pachikhalidwe chimafotokozera mawonekedwe koyamba. K 2 conjugation ndi amene adzathetsa mu -it (kupatula kumeta, kugona, zikhale zochokera), ndipo kasewenzetsedwe ka mau pitirizani kuthamangitsa, onani, penyani, kumva, kupuma, chidani, zowawa, ndi ululu, kutembenuka, zimadalira; choyamba - kasewenzetsedwe ka mau ena onse. Conjugation wa kasewenzetsedwe ka mau, osati onse tingaone ndi infinitive lapansi. The gulu la kasewenzetsedwe ka mau zoumbika mosiyanasiyana conjugated, amene kuphatikiza pamene kusintha kutsekedwa 1 ndi 2 conjugations. Awa ndiwo mawu kupereka, kudya, kuthamanga, kusankha.

Waufupi - zotsatirazi mbali yosatha. Kasewenzetsedwe ka mau infinitives, okhoza angayendetsere nauni zinachitikira accusative, wotchedwa kusintha, ndipo iwo sangakhoze - intransitive. Mwachitsanzo, kusoka (chiyani?) Button, kulemba (chiyani?) The film, kudzatunga Child - kusamba (ndani?); kuitana zodabwitsa, si ntchito kuponyera ndi accusative, kuti ndi intransitive.

Kobwereza ndi anthu kasewenzetsedwe ka mau omwe postfix-Xia: kumanga, kusamba, kusungitsa malo. Unrecoverable - anthu ndi mwamatapo kwina.

Funso wa morpheme -t

Indicators mneni koyamba mawonekedwe - morpheme -t, Ti, -ch - akatswiri a zinenero kuitana zokambirana. Ambiri amaona ngati mapeto, kunena luso lawo kusintha kunena - anati mfundo - anasonyeza. Komabe, mawonekedwe infinitive akuti ndi zikutsatiridwa, kotero mathero iye asakhale. Ochuluka amakonda ndi buku la kuti morpheme kusonyeza za infinitive - ndi inflectional suffixes.

njira chabe ya mneni

Infinitives mitundu yosaoneka ya mneni. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti iwo ndi wosasintha mawonekedwe, mu umene munthu, jenda, chiwerengero si kumatanthauza. Infinitives sali mu dzikolo manauni zinachitikira nominative, mosiyana ndi mawonekedwe munthu. Iwo basi otchedwa kanthu ubwenzi wake ndi munthu. Si womangidwa ndi infinitive ndi gulu la nthawi, imene akufotokozera Mafomu Personal. Wofuna sali zimadziŵika. Ndiko kuti, infinitive ndi zonama, ndi nthawi, iye basi adzaitana kanthu. Ena ophunzira amafunsidwa zimene ubale wa infinitive wa mneni. Infinitive - ndiyo njira ina, mneni mu mawonekedwe koyamba.

The Russian galamala olekanitsidwa ndi anthu ena omwe si munthu mitundu - ndi participle ndi gerund. Iwo, monga infinitive, musati kusintha nkhope. Gerund - ngati invariable anawagwiritsa kuti Chili mbali ya adverb ndi mneni, ndipo amayankha funso zoyenera kuchita? kuti kuchita? : Kuwerenga, chapatali, kusonyeza kung'ung'uza. Mgonero ndi verebu zimene zikusonyeza chizindikiro cha kanthu Chili mbali ya adjective ndi mneni, kuyankha mafunso a adjectives: kodi? Atazungulira akuchita, kuyang'ana, kuiwalika.

Udindo wa infinitive m'chiganizo ndi

Mbali mneni kalekale mawonekedwe ndi kuti sangathe kuchita ntchito mu maganizo a aliyense. Nthawi zambiri pa nkhani mneni infinitive mu Chirasha. Zitsanzo: Mu kufufuza choonadi zinali kutha palokha. Amayamikira ntchito za ena - ndi woyenera. Wopanda kulankhula naye. Kutanthauza kanthu infinitive akutumikira monga mkhalidwe wa: simudzaliona enawo! Iye sanali kumvetsa. Iye samadziwa. Nthawi zambiri akulowa gulu wapakamwa mkhalidwe, zotsatirazi mneni wothandiza: The banja anafuna kukhala kuno kwa mwezi umodzi. Lena anayamba ntchito yomweyo pambuyo atasankhidwa. Iye anayima nthabwala pambuyo chiphaso cha ndemanga.

Secondary chiganizo kuti akhoza zili infinitive mtundu wa mneni. Choncho, infinitive amachita kuwonjezapo mbali bwana: Woyendetsa analamula nkhondo. Anagwirizana kuti azikumana. Iye mwamsanga nditazolowera ntchito. mtima tingasonyezere ndi infinitive ndi: Iye ankafunitsitsa kusintha dziko lonse bwino. Iye anatenga mwayi kuti achoke. Ndikuyembekeza kuti apite ku m'mawa utatha iwo. Zochitika kuperekedwa ndi mawonekedwe koyamba mneni: Vera ndinali woti ndipite ku nyanja. Ongodzipereka anafika pa nyanja kudyetsa mbalame. Kuti izo zinafika kuchita ana kuchokera mumzinda wonsewo.

Infinitives mu folklore ndi zopeka

Infinitives kuyambira kalekale ntchito ndi anthu mu nthano yeniyeni m'miyambi. Infinitive ayenera kulenga generalization amanena: Mu lonjezo uchimo zochepa. Mbala amadzipereka - kuba. Sizovuta kuchita, koma n'zovuta kuti abwere ndi. mabuku chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kasewenzetsedwe ka mau infinitives. Zitsanzo: "hemp primeval - Ine ndidzakhala ndi moyo", "Ndine zimenezo ndi anakuitanani - kupeza", "Imwe ene loyamba", "ndipo palibe amene amaganizira sizinali choncho, komanso - monga kulankhula" (SHukshin Mu .M "mbaula-shopu."); "Palibe munthu amene akufuna kusintha muyezo ..." "chizolowezi akumwetulira T Akim njira ... pang'ono anakoka kwa mmunsi mwa nkhope yake ..." "sindikanakhoza kumufunsa kuwaza ndi mtedza akuchita izi" (FA Iskander " chilimwe tsiku ").