Anglicisms chinenero cha Chirasha: mbiri ndi malingaliro, zitsanzo. Mphamvu ya anglicisms pa chinenero chi Russian

Aliyense chinenero chibadwidwe ndondomeko zawo chitukuko wayambira kuchita pobwereka mawu ochokera m'zinenero zina. Kuphunzira kuchokera pa ubwenzi woterewu chifukwa cha kulankhula ndi anthu osiyanasiyana komanso mayiko. Chifukwa pobwereka chinenero chifukwa chosowa mfundo zoyenera mu mawu a mayiko ena.

Masiku ano, English - njira mayiko kulankhulana. Zimenezi n'zomveka, chifukwa dziko Chingelezi ndi patsogolo m'madera ena muzochitika zones za chitukuko. English kudzera danga Internet, makamaka pa Intaneti, chikhalidwe, kumathandiza timalankhula ndi anthu ochokera m'mayiko ndiponso zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana.

Chidwi m'chilankhulo unabuka mogwirizana ndi kulimbikitsa chikhalidwe Pop. Amakopeka ndi mafilimu American, nyimbo ya m'njira zosiyana ndi Mitundu zinachititsa kuti oyamba yosalala Anglicisms chinenero cha Chirasha. mawu atsopano anayamba kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa gawo lalikulu la anthu, osayang'ana jenda ndi chuma chawo. mawu English mofulumira kufalitsa padziko lonse. Mu chinenero chamakono Russian mabuku, iwo atenga wosanjikiza lonse, koma musalumphe 10% ya mawu onse.

History Anglicisms

Mbiri ya pobwereka kwa English mu Russian anayamba kuwerengetsa ake ku cha m'ma XVI, ndipo mpaka pano ndondomekoyi sasiya. Kuonetsetsa 5 zigawo zikuluzikulu chitukuko cha mogwirizana Anglo-Russian chinenero. Iwo yodziwika mwa mbiri ndi manenedwe a.

History of anglicisms mu Chirasha akuyamba ndi mapangidwe lokhazikika sitima ya Mfumu Edward VI ku gombe la St. Nicholas, pa kamwa ya kumpoto Dvina, August 24, 1505. The British anali kufunafuna msika, choncho mayiko awiri anayamba amphamvu mwachilungamo zonse kulankhulana. kulankhula chinenero yodziwika ndi asapita zamtendere ndi malonda. Pa nthawi imeneyi anaitenga miyeso lakuti, mamba, mayunitsi ndalama, mitundu ya adiresi ndi maudindo a maudindo (mapaundi, Kwacha, bambo, bwana).

Gawo II nthawi otchedwa Petrine nyengo. Chifukwa cha kusintha kwa Peter Ine, ozika mizu ndi ubale ndi limati ambiri European, zikukangalika anayamba kufalitsa chikhalidwe, maphunziro, chitukuko cha zochitika apanyanja ndi asilikali. Pa nthawi imeneyi chinenero cha Chirasha atagonjetsa mawu 3,000 chiyambi yachilendo. Ena mwa iwo anali pafupi 300. Anglicisms anali makamaka anabwereka mawu ogwirizana ndi m'madzi komanso zochitika ankhondo (Bwato, Abraham), lotanthauzira banja (pudding, nkhonya, flannel), komanso malo a malonda, zojambulajambula, mabuku osiyanasiyana, sayansi ndi umisiri. Ambiri atenga mawu kutanthauza zochitika ndi njira kale kudziwika Russian.

Gawo III adanyamuka chifukwa intensification ubale Anglo-Russian mu zaka za m'ma XVIII mogwirizana ndi kuchuluka kwa kutchuka England mu dziko. Mwalowa chinenero cha masewera ndi mawu luso (masewera, mpira, umodzi, njanji), mawu ochokera dera ubale chikhalidwe, ndale ndi zachuma (dipatimenti, chikepe, Square, jekete, trolley). Mapeto a siteji imatengedwa kuti ndi cha m'ma XIX.

Gawo IV yodziwika ndi kwambiri Russian ankadziwa England ndi America, mfundo ya kukhudzana mu mabuku ndi luso. Atagonjetsa mu chinenero cha ambiri anglicisms otsatirawa magulu thematic: mbiri, chipembedzo, zojambulajambula, masewera banja ndi dera umoyo ndale.

Gawo V ngongole (mapeto a XX m'ma - lero). Mu mawu a anthu Russian muli magulu osiyana a mawu; malonda (kope, baji, powerengetsera, kulinganiza), zodzikongoletsera (concealer, kudzipangitsa mmwamba, zochotsa kirimu), maina a mbale (Hamburger, chisburger).

Lero, ambiri loanwords otchuka kupitirira mabuku ndi kulumikizana akatswiri. Mawu ntchito ndi TV ndi malonda, nthawi zambiri zovuta kuzimvetsa kwa anthu wamba mu msewu ndipo anapangidwa kuti Kudziŵako za English. Komabe Anglicism mu Russian - yachibadwa, ndipo pa nthawi zina zakale, ngakhale kutero.

Zimayambitsa anglicisms mu Russian

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma XX, akatswiri a zinenero zambiri aphunzira zimayambitsa malowedwe mu chinenero mawu. Anglicism aliyense mu chinenero cha Chirasha, malinga P. Khoswe limapezeka pa zifukwa zotsatirazi:

1. Kufunika dzina chodabwitsa yatsopano kapena chinthu.

2. Kufunika kusiyanitsa pafupi ndithu, koma mfundo zosiyana.

3. Chizolowezi lakuti olimba chinthu mfundo inayake, osati mawu ochepa ogwirizana.

4. kufunika kulekana kwa malingaliro zolinga zenizeni kapena muzochitika.

5. kwake, kutchuka, mawu a mfundo yachilendo.

Zifukwa ngongole ya Anglicisms mu Russian ano kwenikweni mochuluka kwambiri. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi chakuti anthu ambiri a Russian anthu olankhula Chingerezi. Pankhaniyi, ntchito chinenero ndi umunthu odalirika ndi mapulogalamu otchuka komanso anapereka kutsogolera wamphamvu chitukuko cha ndondomekoyi.

zosayembekezereka wa anglicisms

Monga zawululidwa kale, pobwereka chinenero - njira yaikulu ya zawachitikira chinenero, chifukwa cha chitukuko ntchito. VM Aristova ntchito yawo kuwunikira 3 gawo la mawu English chinenero Russian:

1. Malowedwe. Pa nthawi imeneyi, koma mawu anabwereka akulowa chinenero kusintha malamulo a chinenero cha Chirasha.
2. Kuloŵerera. Mbali imeneyi amakhala ndi zochita za anthu etymology, apo ndi pamene oseketsa zili mawu ladzala ndi pafupi ovuta kapena ofanana tanthauzo kwa okhulupirira.
3. Kuyika. Pa gawo Anglicism otsiriza chinenero cha Chirasha ndi kusintha kwathunthu ndi mwachangu ntchito. The yachilendo zimatengera pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya makhalidwe, pali chidule ndi cognates.

Kuloŵerera wa anglicisms mu Russian

mawu atsopano pang'onopang'ono kusintha dongosolo chinenero wonse. Zimenezi amatchedwa kuloŵerera, kuti ndi kuloŵerera. Kuphunzira ndiponso tione ndi ngongole nchofunika kuti aziona bwinobwino buku la mawu atsopano ndi ndondomeko ya anatengera ake.

Anglicisms mu mlingo wa kuloŵerera chinenero Russian amasiyana pa kwathunthu anaphatikizana, pang'ono anaphatikizana, unassimilated.

Kwathunthu anaphatikizana - mawu kuti afanane mfundo zonse za chinenero ndi amaona kuchigwiritsa, nezaimstvovannye mawu (masewera, nthabwala, film, ndi ofufuza).

Pang'ono anaphatikizana - lingaliro, Chingerezi otsala mu kulemba ndi katchulidwe awo. Childs, mawu awa alipo m'chinenero si kale, kotero ndondomeko zawo chimbudzi akupitiriza. gulu lagawidwa grammatically anaphunzira ndipo zimaonetsa (Dj, Smiley, kudya zakudya, Freestyle).

Unassimilated - mawu ndi mawu amene sankamvetsa bwino chinenero ngongole. gulu lino mulinso mfundo zimene zimasonyeza moyo watsiku ndi tsiku wa dziko gwero (dola, madona, jazi).

The mavuto chachikulu kuphunzira akutenga ndalama

Vuto la kumayambiriro Anglicisms zotsutsana ndithu. Ena mawu akugwiritsidwa kokha chifukwa kwapatsidwa minibasi a. Ena M'malo mwake, ndi amadza zabwino, ndiponso zolimbitsa complementing kulankhula Russian.

Pali mavuto kutsatira kafukufuku wa akutenga ndalama:

1. Kupeza njira zomwe kuphunzira mawu atsopano.
2. Kuphunzira mapangidwe anglicisms.
3. Kudziwa zimayambitsa maonekedwe awo.
4. Mfundo za ngongole ubale kwa magulu osiyana.
5. Chiletso pa ntchito ya ngongole.

Kuthetsa mavuto amenewa, akatswiri a zinenero kufuna kupeza zimene mikhalidwe Anglicisms chifukwa iwo analengedwa, amene amalenga ndi momwe anatengera kwa lotanthauzira Russian.

Wolungamitsidwa ndi oipa Anglicisms

Pali kalekale kulimbana a mbali ndi adani a anglicisms. Pa dzanja limodzi, mfundo zatsopano akatidzadza ndi yothandiza Chirasha. Pa zina - kuopseza chinenero amaona ngati kuwononga mtundu. Akatswiri allocated Anglicism 2 magulu: wololera komanso wosaganizira ena.

Pakuti wolungamitsidwa monga malingaliro kulibe chinenero cha Chirasha. Pankhaniyi, sankakhala titero, lembani mipata. Mwachitsanzo: foni, chocolate, galoshes.

Pakuti akutenga ndalama oipa ndi mawu amene poyamba anatchulidwa mayina mtundu, ndipo pambuyo malowedwe m'chinenero cha Russian zachilendo. Awa Anglicisms Russian Baibulo, koma anthu ntchito yachilendo, zomwe mosakayikira nkhawa akatswiri a zinenero, monga mawu amenewa amapezeka ofanana nawo. Zitsanzo Jeep, thewera, copier.

Kutengera za a anthu kubwereka mawu

Anthu ano, terminology English wakhala mbali yofunika kwambiri pa chinenero cha Chirasha. Zogwirizana ndi funso la maganizo a anthu Russian kuti ngongole zimenezi.

Anglicisms mu Chirasha kufalikira ndi mlingo lonse umagwiritsidwa muzochitika zones za ntchito anthu, ntchito kufala kwa mfundo zolondola. Ena mwa mawu amenewa amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu mabwalo yopapatiza a akatswiri, kotero yosavuta, wosaphunzitsidwa munthu sangakhale yomweyo mumvetse tanthauzo lake.

ndondomeko pobwereka nkhawa kuphatikizapo nzika wamba. Komabe, kale sizingasinthe, monga Anglicisms mu chinenero chamakono Russian ochuluka kudutsa chinenero, makamaka m'minda ya umisiri chuma, ndi ndale.

Mlingo wa mawu English

Monga tanenera kale, anthu a amagwiritsa ntchito kulankhula anabwereka mawu ake. Mwakhama izo akuwonetseredwa mu m'badwo wamng'ono. Maphunziro ambiri sociological, potengera zomwe mfundo zotsatirazi angaonere:

1. Ambiri mwa achinyamata anawafunsa ananena kuti lero n'zosatheka kuchita popanda anglicisms. Komabe, iwo momveka kugawana anabwereka ndi choyambirira Russian mawu.
2. Ntchito za m'badwo achinyamata pobwereka womwe chitukuko makompyuta ndi zipangizo, ntchito ya Internet ndi Intaneti.
3. Pankhaniyi, anthu onse aang'ono kaŵirikaŵiri sindikumvetsa mawu anabwereka ntchito pa TV, dera andale ndi azachuma.
4. Kutanthauza Anglicisms osadziwika anasankha yekha pa mlingo associative.

zitsanzo Anglicism

Anglicisms chinenero cha Chirasha zitsanzo za amene anapereka mu tebulo chomasuka kuphunzira ndi kusanthula nthawi ogaŵikana mbali zingapo.

dera	zitsanzo Anglicism
zandale	Utsogoleli, meya, kazembe
zachuma	Wogula, ndalama wogulitsa
art	Zisudzo, nyimbo, kuonera sewero
sayansi	Zitsulo, magnesium, Way
Sports	Sports, volebo, olimba
achipembedzo	Agulupa, mngelo
kompyuta	Phone, nsalu yotchinga, webusayiti, file
nyimbo	Njirayo, ndi remake la nyimbo ya
banja	Basi, ngwazi, odula, juzi, ukuchoka
zimayambitsa apanyanja	Kuyenda panyanja, Bwato
media	Sponsor okhutira, nkhani amasonyeza kuti ulaliki

List of anglicisms mu Chirasha ndi yotakata zokwanira. akutenga ndalama zonse kwa English ndi kuperekedwa mu dikishonare Dyakova A. I.

The peculiarity wa ntchito anglicisms pa TV

TV mbali yofunika kwambiri mu kufalikira kwa mawu ngongole. Kudzera atolankhani, TV ndi Intaneti mawu likulowerera mu kulankhula tsiku la anthu.

Anglicisms onse ogwiritsa ntchito TV zikhoza kugawidwa m'magulu 3:

- mawu omwe limayendera mu Chirasha (mwachitsanzo, mawu polojekiti, ie, kuyan'anila);

- mfundo zimene poyamba analipo (mwachitsanzo, mpira);

- mawu, osindikizidwa mu English (mwachitsanzo, Plommer Pita Mwachidule).

Mphamvu ya anglicisms mu Russian

Mwachidule pamwamba pa zonse, tikhoza kunena kuti chikoka cha anglicisms pa chinenero chi Russian ali zabwino ndi zoipa. Dziwitsani sankakhala ndithu zofunika, koma siziyenera kukhala clogging chinenero. Kuti tichite zimenezi, kumvetsa tanthauzo la anglicisms ndi ntchito pokhapokha ngati kuli koyenera. Only ndiye Chirasha kukhazikitsa.

Kuphunzira njira sankakhala ndi chidwi mu mawu ongolankhula ndi othandiza. Anglicisms mu Chirasha, mbiri ndi malingaliro, mbali ntchito zawo - vuto ndi zovuta, napempha liwunikidwenso kukhala ayamikira.