Mbalame bunting Remez: photos, maonekedwe, zili mu ukapolo

Pali mbalame zodabwitsa za passerines. Iwo kufalitsa padziko lonse. Nthawi zambiri angapezeke mu Asia, Africa ndipo, ndithudi, mu Europe. M'dera la Russia ndi mayiko wakale wa Soviet Union akhoza kudzitama izi mbalame makamaka. Ndi bwino kudzamvera, ndi moyo mu mapiri ndi zigwa. Ndipo iwo akhoza kukhala bwino mu ukapolo. Kodi mtundu wa mbalame? Tingaone zimenezi powerenga nkhaniyi.

Kufotokozera wamwamuna

Kunja, mbalame ndi ofanana ndi mpheta, ndipo likugwirizana passerines. Buntings chithunzi chikusonyeza bwino kufanana. Pa nthawi yomweyo n'zosavuta kusiyanitsa, chifukwa akuyerekeza akutsutsana ndi nthenga ndi mchira. Total mbalame ziyenera 197 mitundu. Mu kukula kwa Russia mtundu ambiri - wamba oatmeal. Komanso angapezeke kulikonse ku Scandinavia ndi Spain. Ngakhale mu Russia moyo mwana, munda, Chimanga Bunting, kapu woyera, ndi ena.

Nkhaniyi itithandiza kuganizira mbalame, wotchedwa Remez oatmeal, amene ali pang'ono pokha wamba. The wamwamuna ali chitsanzo utoto pa mutu, mmbuyo ndi zasheyke. Mtundu khalidwe: dzimbiri zofiirira ndi mdima osiyanasiyana (speckles). Iye Tingaone pa mkanda pachifuwa mgoza, ndiponso m'mbali - mawanga. mwamuna woyera mimba.

Kufotokozera akazi

Mitundu wamkazi oatmeal Remez, chojambulidwa pa mtundu wa mwamuna, koma ndi zochepa kusiyana. Mutu m'malo wakuda utoto bulauni. M'dzinja nthenga coloration ndi ofanana kwambiri: ocher. A kusiyana chidwi pakati pa mkazi kwa mwamuna ndi yonena za mawanga woyera kumbuyo kwa mutu wake. Ngati opezeka mu akazi, ndi ochepa, sadzachitanso noticeable. More wamkazi ali ocher mtundu cholembera zonse, kupatula m'munsi lapansi. Amuna yekha pa m'mbali mwa nthenga.

Kusiyana pakati pa amuna achinyamata ndi okhwima

amuna Young phala mtundu Remez, ndi nthenga, zofanana kwambiri ndi akazi. Komanso kuzimiririka ndipo ndi buffy kwambiri tinged. Pa chifuwa pali woderapo milozo, ndipo pa mbali ya bulauni ndi mdima mizere bulauni pa makungwa a. Utsogoleri ananena.

Mu chaka amuna kapena awiri amadziŵika okhwima mwauzimu kuzimiririka ndipo yopapatiza lamizeremizere pa chifuwa lomwe lili ndi mgoza mtundu. Pa chigoba cha kawirikawiri amakhala ndi nthenga bulauni (makamaka pa khutu). Kuyambira amuna achinyamata musati amasiyana zazikazi, angakhale osokonezeka ndi bunting bango mtundu. Popewa izi, muyenera kupenda mosamala zizindikiro. Iwo ayenera kusiyana ndi kachidutswa owala mu khutu lake. Onse, monga ulamuliro, nthenga pa korona Remezov tsitsi lanu liimirire, kukumbutsa Crest ndi flanks bulauni milozo. Mbalame mitundu oatmeal Remez ndi ofanana mu maonekedwe kum'mawa kwa dera: lachikasu browed bunting.

inafikira

Kwambiri nthawi zambiri ndi zouluka, amakhala ku nkhalango kum'mwera. Choyamba yakopita m'chaka. kufika nthawi si yofanana. Izo zikuchitika kuyambira 1 mpaka 3 khumi April. M'dzinja iwo kuuluka kwa nthawi yotsiriza kumapeto kwa September mpaka m'ma October. M'dera Moscow kuchokera mochedwa March kwa oyambirira April zikukhazikitsa oatmeal Remez. Mbalame paruetsya ndi wakonda kuthetsa m'mphepete mwa nkhalango, clearings lalikulu, madambo ndi zitsamba ndi clearings.

Ndithu zambiri mbalame chisa mwachindunji pa nthaka ndi zochepa mu tchire kutalika kwa theka mita. Iwo amamanga zisa za zimayambira udzu ndi panicles mbewu monga chimanga, mizu ndi tsitsi mbalame mokoma munzere thireyi. Kum'mwera nayonso mbalame nimudikire kuswana nyengo pa gombe lamanja la Irtysh Mtsinje. nkhalango Coniferous ndi anthu mu malo pripoymennyh ndi sphagnum bogs, yokutidwa ndi paini otsika-kukula. Theka lachiwiri la chilimwe phala Remez, chithunzi anatengedwa m'nkhani amakhala mu zone ya nkhalango losanganikirana. Koposa zonse, ndi paini ryamy.

Mbalame ndi Omsk. M'zaka za m'ma XIX Yellowhammer mwadala anabweretsa ku New Zealand (pa chilumba cha) a malo achilengedwe - UK. Ngati tikambirana m'dera la Soviet Union, buntings kukaikira mazira anati kum'mwera kwa Moldova ndi Ukraine. m'madera osiyana amaonedwa zigwa lamapiri la Phiri Elbrus. Mitundu yonse ya buntings ali mu gulu limodzi. Komabe, mbalame iliyonse umunthu yake, subtleties ake mu mtundu, kamvekedwe, ndi kuimba lake ndi losiyana ndi njira zina za moyo.

Kapangidwe, kukula ndi mbali buntings

Mbalame bunting ndi bwino anayamba palatal cusp. Woyamba achikalekale kukupiza mapiko. Kunja zimakupiza primaries 3 mpaka 6 mapiko ali clippings. thupi wamwamuna ali ndi kutalika kwa millimeters 127 kwa 160, pafupifupi 241 millimeter. wamkazi thupi kutalika pakati pa 130 ndi 155 millimeters, pafupifupi 230 millimeters.

Mapiko ndi kutalika ndi:

• amuna kuchokera 71,5 kuti 81,5 mm, pafupifupi - 76,9 mamilimita;
• akazi pakati pa 65 ndi 79,5 mm, pafupifupi 73,2 mm.

Mlomo ali kutalika millimeters 11 mpaka 12 bobbin - kuchokera millimeters 18 mpaka 19, mchira - kuchokera millimeters 55 65. Amuna kulemedwa kwa magalamu 19 22.3 (pafupifupi 19.87), mkazi - kuchokera magalamu 17 20.8 (zikutanthauza magalamu 17.98).

Oatmeal kupewa anthu. Nthawi zambiri iye zikukhazikitsa pafupi ndi munthu, ndipo ngakhale mu mzinda. Koposa zonse iwo amakonda chisa pafupi minda ya. Zimenezi n'zomveka, chifukwa n'zosavuta kupeza chakudya: mbewu monga chimanga. Ndithudi, izo si zovuta ndikuganiza kuti azichitira ambiri ankakonda mbalame za mitundu ndi Mapila. Zikuoneka kuti dzina la oatmeal osankhidwa mwangozi. Zimabisala yowala mbalame pafupi ndi makola a, chifukwa cha Mapila, ndilo zokwanira zokwanira. Anthu onse akhoza mochepa, ndipo motero apulumuke yozizira. Pamene chisanu chimasungunula, ndi mausiku nthawi zina frosty, amuna ayamba kubwerera ku hibernation. Ndiye anthu amasangalala, kumva trills woyamba wa mbalame, pakati pawo kuimba buntings.

Oviposition

Kuyembekezera akazi, amuna ambiri amawononga nthawi yawo kufunafuna chakudya. Pakati pa ntchito yofunika iwo kuimba matamando a zinsinsi za kudzutsidwa zachilengedwe, kukongola ndi wowolowa manja. Pamene chisanu akachoka, mungapeze padziko mbewu za chaka chatha, ndipo uko pansi ndi tizilombo choyamba. M'tsogolo, iwo adzakhala ndi mbali yaikulu ya buntings zakudya. Nkofunika kuti tizilombo udzakhala waukulu, chifukwa mbewu m'tsogolo ayenera namwino. Kuti kutumikira makolo souped kwa anapiye kormozhki. Mu masiku oyambirira anapiye imayambira milled invertebrates makolo khosi lotupa kudyetsa (amuna kapena akazi).

Pamene anapiye amatha kulandira monga mmene tizilombo ziwala makolo amavalira, woodlice, akangaude ndi tizilombo mitundu ina. Wokoma phala kulowa m'banja pambuyo theka lachiwiri la April. Chakumapeto May, iwo kupeza mbewu. Amuna, kuvekedwa ndi mtundu owala, nasamalidwa pamaso zazikazi, kukopana ndi iwo mwanjira iliyonse, mmkudzionetsera ndi akuphulikira ndi trill shimmering. Posankha awiri ndi wamkazi amafufuza malo chisa. Iwo akuyamba kumanga tsogolo la panyumba, mungapezeko kukula mbewu yako. Mu May, iye akuyamba kuikira mazira mu lalikulu oatmeal Remez. Nest mbalame ali zowalamulira mazira 4 mpaka 6. Mwayera, ndi pinki ndi chibakuwa mithunzi. Pa mazira kuonekera speckles ndi mizere chabwino. Nthawi makulitsidwe chimakhala cha masiku 12 mpaka 14. mbalame Young kusiya chisa akafika 14 masiku. Fledge tizilombo ndi mbewu zina theka-kucha udzu ndi mphukira wobiriwira.

Moyo mu ukapolo

Mbalame ndi ambiri, koma mu ukapolo sakhala bwino ndipo nthawi zambiri. Iwo ali khalidwe sindinkakhulupirira ndi amantha. Ambiri amakonda kuyamba kanarovodom ake. Kwa iwo, oatmeal Remez - mbalame (chithunzi ali mu pepala) zofunika kuphunzira ovsyanochnomu nyimbo. Kuphunzitsidwa kutenga amuna achinyamata. Khola buntings kuchitapo lalikulu 70 masentimita yaitali. Ngati selo lili zambiri mbalame zina, amuna akhoza kulankhula nafe momasuka azitengapo. Ngati ndi choncho - wamwamuna uyikidwa. maselo muli ndi Remez ndi Yellowhammer. Yemweyo angapezeke mu ukapolo munda, ya ndulu, tchipisi, imvi ndi ena mitundu ina.

chakudya

mbewu Canary, mapira, canola, Mapila, mapira ndi pang'ono cannabis, mantha, fulakesi, mpendadzuwa kuthamanga - onse zimene amadya oatmeal Remez. Kusunga mu ukapolo akusokoneza makhalidwe ake pa chakudya mbalame, chifukwa sangathe kupanga chakudya chawo paokha. Good zowonjezera - ndi dropout (mbewu udzu). M'pofunika kupereka chakudya zofewa kumene akuwonjezeka kapena daphnia gammarus. Nthawi mealworms mbalame chakudya, tizilombo osiyana, makamaka pamene molting ndi kubalana. Nkofunika kuti mbalame bunting Remez (chithunzi ndi kufotokozera za limene liposa) kudya masamba ndi amadyera. Cell ayenera kuperekedwa ndi woyera mtsinje mchenga, choko, zipolopolo wosweka ndi zipolopolo dzira.

kuswana

Izi ndi osowa choncho kumene nkhuku ndi ayipanga buntings. Koma ngati ali ndi chidwi ndi wina, ndiye Mwaichi m'pofunika ntchito aviaries lalikulu kapena osayenera. The m'makola mwawo ayenera (kapena zofunika) ndi pansi dothi ndi burashi lapansi. Ndiye Remez bunting, kuimba amene angathe m'makutu a mwini, sakhoza kukhala na mantha ya chisanu ndi chisanu. hybrids anali ayipanga kale mu ukapolo. Iwo anachokera ku oatmeal wamba canaries. Mu chikhalidwe, monga oatmeal hybridizes ndi beloshapochnoy ngati kukhudzana ndi m'dera lawo kucheza.

kuimba

Nyimbo oatmeal mphete siliva ndi tichipeza "zit-zit-zit" phokoso kudya mobwerezabwereza ndiponso umatha ndi wautali, "chilii". Koposa zonse Dubrovnik ndi lachikasu khosi bunting kuimba waxwing wokongola. Ndipo Remez bunting kuimba ndi ulemu. Koma ngati cholinga - kuyimba mbalame, mukufunika atsogoleri kuimba. Ndipo kudyetsa Dubrovnik ndi Yellowhammer lachikasu ofanana.

Moyo amayembekezeka ndi mbali Remez chisa

Ngati mbalame zinthu zabwino, ndi oatmeal zimatha kukhala zaka 4. Koma pali milandu chidwi chapadera kumene zalembedwa milandu mbalame yaitali ankakhala. Mwachitsanzo, mu Germany anapeza oatmeal wamkulu kuposa zaka 13. Ambiri akhala wotchuka nthenga omanga Remezy. Mbalame zimenezi zikugwirizana kwambiri titmouse lapansi. Wachisomo ndi Sharpbeak, mbalame zazing'ono kumanga zisa, ndi chatsekedwa patsekeke.

zitsulo ali ndi khomo laling'ono. Ndi wamphamvu kwambiri moti mu Africa ndi anthu a m'deralo zambiri ntchito ngati kachikwama. zisa amenewa amafanana mitten. Only iye sanali dovyazan chala.

Kuyang'ana kukula kwa mbalame, kudabwa bulkiness awo a nyumba:

• kutalika - mpaka 22 masentimita;

• awiri - 12 masentimita;

• makulidwe - mpaka 2 masentimita.

Khomo chisa - chubu mpaka masentimita 5.

Nest inaimitsidwa pa likugwera pansi, nthambi zonyalazo mtengo kapena chitsamba chilichonse. Kulimbikitsidwa pa bango mapesi. Ngati m'dera lonyowa osefukira zisa mbalame kukwanira pa msinkhu wa mamita 2 mpaka 4. Nthawi zina kukangamira basi pamwamba pa madzi.

Land kwa kukaikira mazira Remezy kusankha chosowa kwambiri. Ndiye kutalika kwa chisa monga mkulu monga mamita 12. chimango The chikugwirizana zotanuka ndi woonda ulusi mosamala chilonda pa nthambi thandizo. Waukulu zomangila - ndi kufwanyulira popula, msondodzi, cattails. Mkati mwa zitsulo kwenikweni alimbane ndi nkhungu wosanjikiza nthenga pansi.