Medical malonda: mndandanda. Medical mankhwala asatayike, consumables

Pakuti anthu zachipatala nthawi zonse kutengedwa monga chinthu chopatulika kufikako, osakhoza anthu wamba. matenda kovuta, dzina la yogwira zosakaniza mu mankhwala - zonsezi akhoza malembo umbuli anthu. Amapezeka pharmacies ndi mawu "mndandanda wa" mankhwala mankhwala "amene tanthauzo si nthawi zonse bwino. Choncho, zinthu zimene zili m'gulu mndandanda, ndi kudziwa angakhale othandiza kwa makasitomala wamba?

Ndi chiyani icho?

Tiyeni tiyambe ndi choona kuti mndandanda wa mankhwala ndi mankhwala mankhwala zikuphatikizapo malonda la galasi, ma polima, labala, zovala ndi zipangizo zina, reagents yeniyeni ndi zipangizo mayeso kwa iwo, komanso consumables ena zikutanthauza kuti ntchito mankhwala.

Nthawi zambiri ndi ntchito kamodzi zinthu amene alibe amafuna yokonza wapadera. Mu msika wa malonda mankhwala m'gulu mndandanda wa "mankhwala mankhwala", woimira 20% kuchuluka okwana katundu. Mwatsoka, kokha wachisanu mankhwala awa sali chopangidwa kunja.

Reagents, n'kupanga mayeso ndi njira zina chisanadze matenda

Tiyeni tisunthire kwa zitsanzo konkire. Wovomerezeka mndandanda akuyamba ku reagents zosiyanasiyana mwa amene angapezeke n'kupanga kuona misinkhu shuga m'magazi ndi kudziwika mankhwala zipangizo mayesero osiyanasiyana zasayansi (mitundu zidulo, alkalis ndi reagents zina). gulu akhoza zimachitika ndi zizindikiro zimene zingawathandize kuti ayese osati wodwala, komanso zipangizo zachipatala (mwachitsanzo, njira yolera yotseketsa chizindikiro).

Childs, mankhwala a m'gulu limeneli si Kufikika kwambiri anthu wamba, chifukwa cha ntchito awo panyumba ndi mabvuto kwambiri. Wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa "zosakhudzana" n'kupanga ntchito mayeso amene ntchito mita. Mugule iwo popanda mankhwala Komabe, kudziwa chitsanzo cha mita yeniyeni.

Kudziwika matenda oopsa

Yotsatira waukulu gulu, muli mndandanda wa ovomerezeka mankhwala kuchipatala, - ndi seramu, matenda ena matenda oopsa. Zikuphatikizapo Mankhwala mtima wa shigellosis, salmonellosis. Palinso ya mankhwala zofunika, amene amaona tilinazo tizilombo kuchititsa matenda mankhwala ena. Chotero muyeso angathe kuchepetsa Mwina zolakwa kopita mankhwala osayenera.

Magolovesi, probes ndi urinal - mndandanda wa consumables

Komanso, mndandanda wa mankhwala mankhwala mu 2016, ndipo zaka zam'mbuyo, lili angapo zinthu zimene anthu amagwiritsa ntchito consumables. Apa ndi Magolovesi (amene sanali wosabala, amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri pamene chavuta, makamaka kwa Magolovesi woonda kuti ntchito ndi neurosurgeons - mndandanda kumaphatikizapo dazeni maina osiyana ntchito m'minda yosiyanasiyana ya mankhwala).

Izi mulinso mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya probes (m'mimba, makutu, kudyetsa ana), urinal, oilcloth, ntchito zosiyanasiyana mwai. Chapafupi kuti gulu la katundu, mwinamwake mmodzi wa lalikulu mndandanda.

Catheters, masingano ndi syringes ndi mosiyanasiyana ndi makulidwe onse

Adamtsata catheters, masingano ndi syringes - zinthu zosasangalatsa kwambiri, koma zofunika. Dziwani kuti mndandanda wa "mankhwala mankhwala" lili mitundu angapo a catheters, amene amasiyana osati awiri komanso mu ntchito zawo: kuno ndi catheters Urological ndi okwanira, ndi mu mnofu, mwa kulankhula kwina, chifukwa ntchito iliyonse. Koma singano, pali zosiyanasiyana lalikulu yemweyo: pambali alipidwa masingano onse amene anaikapo mu syringes anthu jakisoni, pali singano puncture ndi kutema mphini ndi opaleshoni - apa mndandanda wa katundu monga zochuluka. Syringes amasiyana, komanso catheters, mu ntchito ndi kukula, kuyambira wamng'ono mpaka insulin wapadera zitsulo syringe kuti tipeŵe ndi tonsils, kuwonjezera amene akonzedwa opatsidwa machubu osiyana.

gulu akhoza zimachitika dongosolo kwa magazi, popanda imene sizingatheke kupulumutsa anthu ambiri.

Mavalidwe, zosiyanasiyana nsalu

Tisaiwale za Chalk zosiyanasiyana kwa Mavalidwe, poyankha funso omwe amatanthauza kuti zipangizo zachipatala. mndandanda kumaphatikizapo zosiyanasiyana zinthu, kuyambira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya ubweya ndi plasters kwa nsalu wapadera pulasitala, zimene zimapangitsa moyo kosavuta kwa traumatology. Kumaphatikizaponso zosiyanasiyana zimakhala: chowuma ankawaviika mankhwala monga odana ndi yotupa ndi analgesic. Kumene, munthu ayenera sunaletse Nsalu, zomwe muphatikizidwe mu gulu ili. Mu mndandanda kumeneko ndipo bala machiritso Mavalidwe, ndi amene kutseka mabala awo ndi amayaka.

Pakuti mpheto ndi chiphasochi

Mndandanda wa "mankhwala mankhwala" sizikanakhala kwathunthu popanda zosiyanasiyana zipangizo ntchito ndi madokotala pa mayeso ndi pa mwai zosiyanasiyana. Zikuphatikizapo masks, onse opaleshoni ndipo mpweya, kapena wopanda analgesics. Mu gulu yomweyo Goggles opaleshoni ndi magalasi kuti angateteze maso a ku cheza ultraviolet. A gulu lalikulu m'gulu "Other" ikuphatikizapo ulusi opaleshoni, ndi pepala kwa potenga electrocardiogram ndi kalirole mankhwala, choncho mwakhama ntchito ndi mano ndi otolaryngologists.

Ngakhale ngati zinthu zooneka ngati zazing'ono ngati angakhale angelo kuti ultrasound, izo mgulu lino. Kuti, kuno si vuto consumables onse ndi zida zamankhwala.

Ntchito njira zofunika ndi mozama maphunziro

List zipangizo zofunika mankhwala okhala waika lonse la zida ndi consumables ntchito anthu kapena mpheto ena. Malowa angakhale monga njira monga hemodialysis ndi peritoneal dialysis, maphunziro ntchito gasi Flury ndi hromatogrofa immunoanalizatora (imene anatsimikiza pamaso pa mankhwala ndi mankhwala mu mtima). zinthu zofunika zonse, kuchokera masingano kwa reagents akupezeka pa mndandanda wa gululo.

Zida apadera ndi zinthu

Kenako, mndandanda wa mankhwala, zipangizo zachipatala ayamba kugawa mu specialization. Zida zilipo kuwasamalira mtima (izi zikuphatikizapo maelekitirodi, grafts mtima, intradyusery - zonse mungafunikire mu zinthu pangozi). gulu lina lalikulu - opaleshoni ndi chisamaliro mankhwala ovuta: apa pali inunso sensors chifukwa kugunda kwa mtima polojekiti, ndi zingwe kuti magazi asiye kutuluka, ndipo dongosolo yokumba kudya. chidwi munthu, zida ndi zipangizo ntchito mu opareshoni: sutures, staplers, tatifupi, clamps - zonse n'kofunika yokwaniritsira ngakhale ntchito zosavuta.

Gulu yamasika anagawa mu subgroups zingapo: neurosurgery, ntchito ndi ubongo (n'kofunika kutero machitidwe ngalande, chifukwa fixation wa fractures, catheters), thoracic opaleshoni, okhazikika mu ziwalo chifuwa (ambiri tatifupi, mankhwala chithandizo kupuma, odwala, akasinja mpweya) ndi ena ambiri. Traumatology ndi zamafupa kungafune zikhomo osiyana ndi zomangira; mbale chachitsulo kwa fixation wa miyendo zowonongeka, komanso pulasitala nsalu.

Kulepheretsa ndi kutukula, komanso chubu

Mndandanda wa "malonda mankhwala" kumaphatikizapo zosiyanasiyana machubu, kuswa ndi ngalande, mosonyeza ndi zipangizo makina mpweya wabwino. Ndi consumables akhoza amati ndi reactants botolo kuti ntchito pa mankhwala cheza. Komanso ntchitoyi ndi mafilimu ntchito maphunziro X-ray ndi zithunzi fluorography, komanso mapulogalamu ndi fixer, kukonza chifanizirocho mafilimu izi.

Consumables - inconspicuous, koma kofunika

Otsiriza ndi yaikulu gulu - izo amapereka. Izi zikuphatikizapo zipangizo zonse ndi zipangizo zimene zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kokha, kenako kapena kuonongedwa kapena ndi chithandizo chachikulu kwambiri. mankhwala amenewa ndi spittoon; flasks, machubu mayeso cuvettes; pipettes, kuyeza zonenepa, zasayansi galasi - popanda kuchititsa matenda zachipatala, ndi kuchiza odwala sizikanatheka kukanakhala. Nthawi zina zobisika, koma kofunika - gulu lomaliza, limene lili ndi mndandanda wa mankhwala mankhwala ndi zipangizo.

Ndondomeko kulembetsa

Komabe, alimi latsopano si choncho n'zosavuta kupeza chiwerengero cha ogulitsa monga zipangizo zachipatala. mndandanda ovomerezeka komanso zikalata kulembetsa kupelekedwa ndi ovomerezeka thupi wamkulu. zikalata izi kukhala zida zonse, mankhwala ndi zipangizo. zofunikira kwa kalembera wa zatsopano zili mu "Chilamulo pa ndizosowa zaumoyo." Mankhwala, limene linatuluka pa msika, chofunika chokuchititsani ambiri mayeso Mwachangu ndi quality, zotsatira amene ali odzazidwa ndi ambiri zikalata.

N'chifukwa chake makampani mankhwala zambiri mlandu kulembetsa makampani analamula kuti kale ndi anthu amene matupi wamkulu, ndipo mudzatha kuchita osati kafukufuku zofunika, komanso kukonzekera zikalata zonse. Tiyeneranso kukumbukira kuti mankhwala pakatha zaka zisanu ndidzadutsa awiri cheke, amene kachiwiri zikutsimikizira khalidwe lawo ndi chitetezo. Choncho, onetsetsani kuti reagents, zida, zida ndi zipangizo zina zachipatala ndi consumables kwa mndandanda ovomerezedwa ndi matupi apamwamba boma, otetezeka kwathunthu kwa thanzi.