Mfundo ntchito chipangizo zingalowe mpope ndipo makamaka

A zingalowe mpope zida mfundo amene adzakhala pansipa, ndi hardware, amene ntchito ikukoka ndi mosonyeza kapena gasi kuti anakonzeratu mlingo kuthamanga. Last amatchedwanso zingalowe ukhondo.

Development wa luso zingalowe adzakhala anapezerapo mu 1643. Ndiye kuthamanga anali woyamba anayeza. Mu theka lachiwiri la m'ma XIX, anthu walowa gawo la zipangizo zamakono zingalowe ndi zida. Izi anali kugwirizana ndi zosayembekezereka wa Mercury pisitoni mpope, kuti chinachitika mu 1862.

Mfundo ntchito

Mfundo ntchito mpope zingalowe ndi kuti ikukoka amaperekedwa ndi kusintha buku la chipinda ntchito. mapampu amenewa kusamutsidwa ntchito kumaliseche kuyambirira, wotchedwa chisanadze kuyamwa. Izi pazikhalanso mapampu:

• makina;
• madzi mphete;
• Pisitoni.

Njira yotchuka kwambiri mapampu zingalowe ndi makina mtundu analandira. Ngati tikulankhula mpope mkulu-zingalowe, ndiye iwo pazikhalanso turbomolecular, ndi mapampu ndege nthunzi nthunzi. Maselo zokolola ikukoka chifukwa pagalimoto kufala kwa mamolekyulu mpweya kuchokera olimba, mnthuzi kapena padziko madzi, yotsirizira ya umene umayenda pa liwiro mkulu.

Zikuphatikizapo ejector, madzi ndege, mayamwidwe, zipangizo maselo ndi mbali imodzi ya gulu la tinthu mafuta ndi pamalo. Komanso, kalasi ingakhale monga aggregates turbomolecular imene kayendedwe ka pamalo olimba wa mafuta jekeseni ndi matanthauzo perpendicular.

Kuti mudziwe zambiri zokhudza maonekedwe a

Ngati mukufuna mfundo ya ntchito mpope zingalowe, m'pofunika kuti ndizolowere nkhaniyi mwatsatanetsatane. Zimenezi si mophweka, kodi angaganize koyamba. Izo ziyenera Choyambirira, kusanthula dongosolo mkati mwa aggregates ndi kupoletsa zingalowe m'malo zikusonyeza kuti pafupifupi onse zipangizo za mtundu uwu ntchito pa kusamutsidwa mfundo zomwe angayerekezedwe ndi ntchito mapampu zabwino kusamutsidwa. Iwo amagwiritsa ntchito ikukoka zinthu zosiyanasiyana kuwola zosakaniza ndi madzi.

Zingalowe m'malo analenga, kapena m'malo ukulu umadalira pa zikayamba wa danga kuti kumachitika chifukwa ntchito njira mpope ayenera allocated pakati pawo:

• mawilo;
• wapadera mbale;
• spools.

Mfundo ntchito mpope zingalowe yafupika wagawo kuti ayenera kukwaniritsa zinthu ziwiri, choyamba cha iwo yafotokozedwera kutsitsa kuthamanga danga unazunguliridwa, pamene lachiwiri ndi kuchita zinthu yapita kwa nyengo zina za nthawi. Nkofunika kuti ndondomeko ya zinthu waliteteza.

Pamene sing'anga gaseous adzakhala kuyamwa zipangizo, ndi kuthamanga sadzakhala yafupika kukula anakhumba, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito dongosolo amuthandiza. Zimenezi, kuchepetsa kuthamanga sing'anga gaseous. Mfundo imeneyi imasonyeza kuti n'zotheka mapampu Kuwonjezera motsatizana.

Mfundo ntchito mpope zingalowe ayenera idzagwiritsa ntchito mafuta zingalowe, amene kumatha mpweya kutayikira mwa mipata mbali akusisita. Pogwiritsa ntchito mafuta, n'zotheka condense ndi kwathunthu ndigwire mipata. mafuta akutumikira monga lubricant kwambiri.

Kayamba kutulutsa zida

Mfundo ntchito ya makina mpope zingalowe wakhala tafotokozazi, koma zambiri pa chipangizo inu mudzapeza mu gawo limeneli. mapampu izi zikhoza m'gulu chimakankhira mapampu zingalowe makina kuti ntchito pamene youma. Mwa zigawo zikuluzikulu za zida ayenera utoto

• injini;
• ukhale;
• kukhotakhota zisindikizo;
• ndi kulambalala vavu ;
• mafuta mlingo chizindikiro;
• ndi kuliika zimakhudza;
• ufulu zimakhudza;
• ndi suction chipinda;
• kuchotsa mafuta;
• kubwereketsa njira.

Pa kali mbali ziwiri imakonzedwa mayendedwe a ozungulira kutsinde. Pofuna kupereka masiyanidwe matenthedwe kuwonjezeka pakati pa pisitoni ndi nyumba anapangidwa monga zimakhudza atathana ndi kusindikiza mphete lamkati kudzera mbali zosiyana. Mayendedwe kukonzedwa mafuta kuti amawapopa kuchokera mudguards lapansi. Kuyendetsa kutsinde ndi linanena bungwe kunja ndi mphete lotsekedwa Redieta kutsinde.

The mphete anapangidwa ndi FKM, kenako afewetsedwa ndi mafuta chisindikizo. Mphete, zomwe zili pa kudzanja, akufunika kuteteza mtengo, zomwe, poyamba, akhoza m'malo ngati n'koyenera. Ngati kunja ayenera kukhala kutayikira-zolimba chidindo, zida ikhoza kusunthidwa ndi lumikiza ndi galasi ndi maginito.

BBH ndi mfundo za ntchito yake

Mfundo ntchito zingalowe m'malo mpope VVN komanso zochokera kukonza malo osungira utsi ndiponso gasi. Monga mbuye mfundo amachita makina onga wozungulira ng'oma, omwe m'nyumba ndi ozungulira ndi masamba. Pamene ozungulira wayamba atembenuza, madzi unkagunda ng'oma khoma ndi mphamvu centrifugal. Choncho, anapanga mphete.

ozungulira ili kutali ndi pakati, chifukwa cha M'mimbamo izi aumbike pansi, zomwe lagawidwa buku osiyana khungu. Pamene khungu ili pa nsonga ya M'mimbamo, iyenera buku laling'ono, limene amatchedwa suction bokosi. Komabe, pamene kasinthasintha kuchuluka ndi kuchuluka, ndipo mu chikhalidwe ichi mpweya ndi mawere. voliyumu ndi maximized, ndi ozungulira zimapangitsa chilolo chimodzi kwambiri. Pamenepa n'zoonekeratu kuti mfundo za ntchito mu nkhani iyi zachokera mphamvu centrifugal.

Mfundo ntchito kwa galimoto zingalowe mpope

Mfundo ntchito zingalowe m'malo mpope wa injini dizilo chidwi pagalimoto. Poyerekeza ndi injini mafuta, kumene fulumizitsa ndi luso kulenga zingalowe ntchito ndi zolinga zosiyana, mu injini dizilo palibe fulumizitsa monga zotheka kuti tafotokozazi. Choncho, injini dizilo mpope ntchito kulenga kuyamwa. Iwo wodzilemekeza ndi eccentrically wokwera ozungulira tsamba avundulidwe pulasitiki, kulekanitsa M'mimbamo pawiri.

mokoma zina

Pamene pali kasinthasintha wa ozungulira ndi kusunthira mu tsamba, gawo la ukuwonjezeka M'mimbamo mu Volume, pamene winayo - yafupika. Mpweya wambiri wa dongosolo zingalowe zikuchitika pa mbali imodzi ya suction, ndipo pambuyo mlengalenga wachotsedwa mwa njira.

Izo ntchito yozizira kapangidwe mfundo. Mafuta yopezeka njira chimafikira pamodzi ndi mutu yamphamvu, ndipo kenako aperekedwe ku mpope. Ndi ntchito osati kwa mafuta kondomu komanso kusindikiza masamba m'chipinda ntchito. Kodi lotengeka ndi crankshaft ndi camshaft, mu Zikatero, mpope ali pamodzi ndi mafuta chakudya machitidwe mpope.

Mfundo ntchito mpope madzi

Mfundo ntchito mpope zingalowe ndi ndondomeko madzi kusamutsidwa. Ntchito, ikukoka madzi ikuchitika ndi kusintha magawo a chipinda ntchito. Kusamutsidwa amagwirizana ndi mlingo zingalowe m'malo mwa zikayamba wa danga ntchito, zomwe kusintha kuchepetsa kapena kuonjezera kuthamanga pa malo ena pa mtengo wolakalakika.

Madzi mpope zingalowe, mfundo omwe mwina chidwi ogula zambiri cylindrical. Kapena ili mkati impeller kutsinde ndi gudumu kuti ali masamba wapadera. The impeller amachita ngati mbali yaikulu. Gudumu imazungulira mu nyumba wodzala ndi madzimadzi hayidiroliki. Chifukwa cha kayendedwe rotational wa tsamba adani madzi umene ukufika pa makoma. Pali centrifugal kukakamiza n'zothandiza maonekedwe a mphete madzi. Mkati danga aumbike wotchedwa vacuo.

Features ya mpope zingalowe

mapampu zingalowe madzi ndi ziwalo zina kuti ayenera allocated pakati pawo:

• phokoso pang'ono ndi kugwedera;
• mkulu Mwachangu;
• mkulu structural mphamvu;
• kudyetsa mlingo ndi wabwino jekeseni madzi;
• chachikulu kuyamba kuthamanga;
• chilengedwe ubwanawe.

mbali zina kuzindikiridwa chisindikizo lotsekedwa. Unit excellently kulimbana ndi ikukoka mpweya ndi nthuzi, komanso amatha kuchotsa madzi, kupanga imodzi. Nthawi zambiri zida zoterezi olekanitsa anamanga-dothi.

Mfundo zikugwira ntchito ya makina mpope mbale

Makina mapampu zingalowe vane, mfundo ya chimene chili mmene kusamutsidwa, akuimira zida ndi chisindikizo mafuta. Kachitidwe wapangidwa ndi:

• nyumba;
• masamba;
• eccentrically wokwera ozungulira;
• athandizira ndi linanena bungwe.

chisindikizo mafuta waikidwa pa vavu utsi, limene lakonzedwa m'chifanizo cha valavu mpumulo kuyamwa. Mu ndondomekoyi, ndi mu malo lotseguka. Chipinda ntchito ili mkati casing, ndipo ozungulira masamba kugawa chipinda mu zipinda ziwiri, osiyana mu Volume. Kamodzi chipangizo ndi anazimitsa pa, gasi ifika mu chipinda likukulira, kufikira overlaps tsamba yachiwiri.

Kodi wina Ndidziwe chiyani zokhudza ntchito ya mpope makina

mpweya ndi wothinikizidwa mkati mpaka valavu utsi lidzatsegulidwa opanikizika. Ngati ntchito ballast mpweya ndiye amatsegula orifice akunja mwa zomwe mpweya amachoka mu chipinda suction pabwino mbali yakutsogolo. zida woteroyo wachiwiri dzina - zingalowe mafuta mpope, mfundo ya ntchito chipangizo ichi anali tafotokozazi. Monga ntchito zochita madzimadzi monga mafuta, omwe amagwira ntchito zingapo. Izo lubricates mbali kusuntha, nudzaza danga pansi valavu kuda. Anadzazidwa ndi mafuta ndi malo yopapatiza pakati pa linanena bungwe ndi athandizira. Ntchito zisindikizo madzimadzi chilolezo pakati pa chipinda ntchito ndi vanes, kupeleka kutentha mulingo woyenera ndi kutentha ndi kuzizira mgwirizano.

Pomaliza

mapampu zingalowe akhoza wachinsinsi komanso mfundo thupi kuntchito gazosvyazyvayuschie gazoperenosnye. particles Recent kusamutsidwa kapena buku ntchito. Ena zosiyanasiyana mapampu zingalowe kwa thunthu ananeneratu maselo kuti anasamutsidwa, pamene ena - laminar. Ngati tikulankhula mapampu makina, iwo akhoza kugawidwa mu maselo ndi chochuluka.